Class 7

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 6 Expert Detectives Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 6 Expert Detectives

HBSE 7th Class English Expert Detectives Textbook Questions and Answers

Comprehension Check

Class 7 English Chapter 6 Expert Detectives Summary In Hindi HBSE Question 1.
What did Nishad give Mr Nath? Why?
Answer:
Nishad gave a bar of chocolate to Mr. Nath. He did so because he wanted to get a peep in to the trunk.

Expert Detectives Summary HBSE Class 7 Question 2.
What is “strange” about Mr Nath’s Sundays?
Answer:
Every Sunday same man comes to visit Mr. Nath in his room. The visitor talks a lot and has lunch with Mr. Nath.

Class 7 English Chapter 6 Expert Detectives Summary HBSE Question 3.
Why did Nishad and Maya get a holiday?
Answer:
Nishad and Maya got a holiday as the school did not open due to heavy rain. The streets were flooded and there was a unexpected holiday.

Working with The Text

Expert Detectives Summary In Hindi HBSE Question 1.
What does Nishad find out about Mr. Nath from Itamesh? Arrange the information as suggested below:

• What he eats
• When he eats
• What he drinks, and when
• How he pays

Answer:

• He is not very particular about what he eats. It’s always the same food—two chapattis, some dal and a vegetable.
• Mr. Nath takes two maels every morning and evening,
• He takes two cups of tea, one in the morning and one in the afternoon.
• Mr. Naths pays cash and tips wells.

Class 7 English Chapter 6 Expert Detectives HBSE Question 2.
Why does Maya think Mr. Nath is a crook? Who does she says the Sunday visitor is?
Answer:
Maya thought that he is a crook as he nust be having lots of money hidden somewhere. She feels that he looks so ordinary as sometimes criminals look very ordinary.

Some visitor visits Mr. Nath every Sunday. He is tall, fair, stout and wears spectacles. Maya thinks that visitor must be connected with Mr. Nath. He must be keeping all the loot and giving Mr. Nath’s share for expenses.

Expert Detectives Class 7 Solutions HBSE Question 3.
Does Nishad agree with Maya about Mr. Nath? How does he feel about him?
Answer:
Nishad did not pay much attention to the Maya’s views. He thinks that Mr. Nath must be lonely without friends. Nishad even gets angry with Maya for calling him a criminal. Maya’s theroies made no impression on Nishad and he had decided to be friendly with Mr. Nath.

HBSE 7th Class English Expert Detectives Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Class 7 English Chapter 6 Expert Detectives Question Answer HBSE Question 1.
Give two physical features of Mr. Nath.
Answer:
Mr. Nath is very thin and looks as if he is very poor.

Expert Detective Question Answer HBSE Class 7  Question 2.
What makes Nishad think that Mr. Nath is not a criminal?
Answer:
Nishad thinks so because Mr. Nath doesn’t look like one and Ramesh brings meals for him.

Expert Detectives Question Answers HBSE Class 7 Question 3.
What reasons did both of them give for the scars?
Answer:
They thought that scars had been got during a shoot out or when police set fire to the house.

Class 7 English Honeycomb Chapter 6 Expert Detectives Question 4.
What type of physical appearence did Mr. Nath’s friend have?
Answer:
Mr. Nath’s friend is tall, fair short and wears spectacles

Short Answer Type Questions

Expert Detectives Class 7 Question Answer HBSE Question 1.
Maya is a very inquistive character. She makes a list of things to prove that Mr. Nath is a criminal. Discuss.
Answer:
Maya feels that criminals look quite ordinary. Being very curious, she makes a list of all the facts about Mr. Nath which might help them to trap him. The facts are noted in order like his name, behaviour, postage, friends, relations, food etc. She even goes to the extent of calling his friend his accomplice. She is not ready to beelive in any way that Mr. Nath is less then a criminal.

Class 7 English Expert Detectives Question Answer HBSE Question 2.
Sketch a character sketch of Mr. Nath.
Answer:
Mr. Nath is introduced to us to be a thin weak person. He gives the impression as if he is hungry. He has got burn scars on his face. He meets Nishad’s mother for her burn treatment. He is an introvert fellow who stays aloof all the time. He is good by nature and doesn’t fuss over food. It is his generous nature which tempts him to tip Ramesh. He doesn’t work and sits in his room all day. He doesn’t care of what he eats. On the whole he is a lonely, person with no whims and fancies.

Some Other Questions For Examination

Class 7 English Chapter Expert Detectives Question Answer HBSE Question 1.
What was Nishad’s opinion about Mr. Nath when he first saw him?
Answer:
Nishad’s opinion about Mr. Nath was that Mr Nath was a poor man. He looked very thin and he couldn’t afford to eat well.

Expert Detectives Class 7 HBSE Question 2.
What did Maya say about Mr. Nath’s scars?
Answer:
Maya thought that Mr. Nath was a criminal. She thought that Mr. Nath had been forced to come out of his house by the police by burning his house. This incident might have caused scars on his face.

Expert Detectives HBSE Class 7 Question 3.
Nishad is not ready to believe that Mr. Nath is a criminal. He tries to give a few points to justify his belief. Discuss.
Answer:
Nishad is very doubtful about Mr. Nath being a criminal. On not being invited by Mr. Nath inside the talks to Ramesh, the restaurant boy, Nishad gets information about his daily routine of meals and the way Ramesh tipped. Moreover Nishad finds Mr. Nath is very ordinary looking. Nishad doesn’t want to talk about his being detective to Maya. He even wants to have friendship with Mr. Nath. Maya’s theories seemed to have made no impression on him at all.

Class 7 English Ch Expert Detectives HBSE Question 4.
Why doesn’t Maya want Nishad to be friendly with Mr. Nath?
Answer:
Maya doesn’t want Nishad to be friendly with Mr. Nath because she thinks that if he become friendly with a crook, the cops will take him to jail with him.

Question 5.
What did Nishad want to know about Mr. Nath?
Answer:
Nishad wants to know about Mr. Nath why he was so thin and why he was so lonely. He also wanted to know why he was lonely and why he did not have any friends.

Question 6.
What happens at the end of the story? How do you like the ending?
Answer:
At the end of the story, Nishad quietly walks out of the room. Maya’s theories seemed to have made no impression on him at all.
The ending of the story is very abrupt. Mr. Nath’s reality is not made clear till the end of the story.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Which of the following words means- look quickly and secretively’?
(a) following
(b) gaunt
(c) peep
(d) interrupt
Answer:
(c) peep

Question 2.
How old were Seven and Maya?
(a) 10 years, 7 years
(b) 7 years, 10 years
(c) 7 years, 12 years
(d) 12 years, 8 years
Answer:
(b) 7 years, 10 years

Question 3.
The children’s marble rolls into room.
(a) Mr. Nath’s
(b) mother’s
(c) father’s
(d) cop’s
Answer:
(a) Mr. Nath’s

Question 4.
Who said this to whom?
‘He’s probably got millions of rupees stashed away somewhere in that room’.
(a) Maya said this to mother.
(b) Seven said this to Maya.
(c) Maya said this to Seven.
(d) The cop said this to Maya.
Answer:
(c) Maya said this to Seven.

Question 5.
Who told children that Mr. Nath does not work anywhere?
(a) Mother
(b) Ramesh
(c) Hotel Manager
(d) Mr. Mehta
Answer:
(d) Mr. Mehta

Question 6.
What did the doctor mother tell about scars on Mr. Nath’s face?
(а) They were burn scars
(b) They were from the birth.
(c) They were temporary
(d) None of these
Answer:
(а) They were burn scars

Question 7.
What did Nishad keep in Mr. Nath’s hand?
(а) a loaf of bread
(b) a marble
(c) a bar of chocolate
(d) all of these
Answer:
(c) a bar of chocolate

Question 8.
Where did Mr. Nath live?
(a) Maya Enclave
(b) Police station
(c) Shankar House
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Shankar House

Question 9.
What reason docs Maya give Mr. Nath has not made any friends in Shankar House?
(а) He does not have any money.
(b) He is scared that someone will recognize him and give him up to the cops.
(c) He is not friendly at all.
(d) He is rude and unfaithful.
Answer:
(b) He is scared that someone will recognize him and give him up to the cops.

Make Sentences

Frame the sentences of your own with the help of given words.
(i) Appointment
(ii) Gaunt
(iii) Upset
(iv) Expert
(v) Doubtful
(vi) Interrupted
(vii) Unexpected
Answer:
(i) Appointment: I have taken an appointment from the doctor for a complete health check up of my father.
(ii) Gaunt: He is so weak that he always appears gaunt.
(iii) Upset: Mrs. Kumar is very upset because of her son’s poor performance.
(iv) Expert: One gets expert in doing something only after regular practice.
(v) Doubtful: His progress is doubtful because he doesn’t work very hard.
(vi) Interrupted: Mrs. Mehta scolded her son because he interrupted between his parents’ talk.
(vii) Unexpected: The poor couple had unexpected windfall gain and became very rich.

Expert Detectives Passages for Comprehension

Read the passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Passage – 1

‘He doesn’t look anything like a monster, Maya,’ said Seven as we walked back towards the clinic. But did you see how thin he is? Maybe he’s very poor and can’t afford to eat.’
Questions:
(i) Who is ‘lie’?
(ii) Who are Maya and Seven?
(iii) Why are they so curious about ‘he’?
(iv) Choose the ward which means ‘very huge’.
Answers:
(i) ‘He’ is Mr. Nath.
(ii) Maya and Seven are sister and brother.
(iii) They think that he is a cook and so want to know about his true identity
(iv) Monster.

Passage – 2

On the Monday following Mamma’s birthday, Seven went alone with her to the clinic at Girgaum as I was spending the evening with a schoolfriend. When they returned, Nishad told me he’d been to see Mr. Nath and I felt most annoyed that I hadn’t been there.
Questions:
(i) Why had Seven gone with her to the clinic?
(ii) Who are ‘they’?
(iii) Who is ‘I’ and why is she annoyed?
(iv) Choose a word which means antonym of ‘happy’.
Answers:
(i) Seven had gone with her because she was a doctor.
(ii) They are Nishad and his mother.
(iii) ‘I’ is Maya and she is Annoyed because Nishad had gone alone to meet Mr. Nath.
(iv) Annoyed

Passage – 3

‘Well done, Nishad, ‘I told him. ‘Now that we’ve made some progress with our inquiries, we’ll have to sort out all the facts like expert detectives so that we can trap the crook.’ Questions:
(i) Why is ‘I’ happy with ‘him’?
(ii) What progress had been made?
(iii) Who is more doubtful at him being a crook?
(iv) Choose a word which meansskilled.
Answers:
(i) ‘I’ is happy with him for having found facts above Mr. Nath.
(ii) He had been able to find about Mr. Nath’s eating habits and coming of same visitor daily.
(iii) Nishad is not ready to believe that he is a crook.
(iv) Expert.

Expert Detectives Translation in Hindi

Before you read
(Nishad, a….. ……………. no friend?
Nishad’s mother ………………… to him ….. )

पढ़ने से पहले
(निशाद, एक सात साल का लड़का जिसे सात भी कहा जाता है क्योंकि उसके नाम का अर्थ है, संगीत के सुर का सातवा सुर) और उसकी बहन माया एक श्रीमान् नाथ के लिए बहुत उत्सुक थे। क्या वह भूखे दौड़ रहा है? क्या उसका चेहरा बुरी तरह जला है? उसका कोई दोस्त क्यों नहीं है?

निशाद की माँ, एक डाक्टर, श्रीमान् नाथ को एक मरीज की हैसियत से जानती है जो बहुत नम्र व्यवहार का है। तब एक दिन बच्चों को मिलने और बातचीत का मौका मिलता है…..

1. ‘He doesn’t ……………………………. to eat.’ ‘He can’t …………………………….. that room.’
“वह राक्षस की तरह नहीं लगता, माया’, सात ने क्लीनिक की तरफ चलते हुए कहा। पर क्या तुमने देखा कि वह कितना पतला है? शायद वह बहुत गरीब है और खाना नहीं खरीद सकता।’
‘वह गरीब नहीं हो सकता अगर वह भागा हुआ अपराधी है’, मैंने उससे कहा,” उसके पास शायद उस कमरे में लाखों रुपए रखे

Word Mening: Monster-giant = राक्षस, Crook-culprit = अपराधी, Slashed-put away = रखे हुए।

2. ‘Do you ………………… looked doubtful. ‘of course …………………………downstairs.’
“क्या तुम सोचते हो कि वह अपराधी है. माया? वह ऐसा नहीं लगता’, निशाद ने शकपूर्वक देखा।
“बेशक वह एक है, सात’, मैंने कहा, “और वह भूख से पीड़ित नहीं है। श्रीमान् मेहता ने बताया कि रमेश उसके लिए नीचे रेस्टोरेन्ट से भोजन लेकर आता है।”

Word Meaning: Certainly-without doult = बेशक, Starving-suffering from hunger = भूख से पीड़ित, Possible-may be = शायद।

3. ‘But Maya………………….. Nishad said. ‘Exactly!’I………………….jewels and ……’
“पर माया, श्रीमान् मेहता ने कहा कि वह कहीं भी काम नहीं करता तो उसके पास खाने के लिए देने को पैसे कैसे हो सकते हैं? निशाद ने कहा।
“बिल्कुल !” मैंने खुशी से कहा, उसके पास बहुत सारे पैसे कहीं छिपे हुए हैं। शायद उसके कमरे के संदूक में। शायद वह सोने-चाँदी और जवाहरात से भरा है।’

Word Meaning: Exclaimed-To cry out = हर्ष से कहना।

4. ‘What rubbish…………….or something.’ – “क्या मूर्खता है”, निशाद ने हस्तक्षेप करते हुए कहा।।
‘मैं जानता हूँ मैं ठीक हूँ. मूर्ख’, मैंने उससे कहा। वैसे सात, क्या तुमने उसके दाग देखें? मैं नहीं देख सका क्योंकि बहुत अंधेरा था, पर मैं शर्त लगा सकता हूँ कि पुलिस या किसी के साथ गोलीबारी में ऐसा हुआ है।’

Word Meaning: Intrupted, Scars.

5. ‘Mummy told ………………… said firmly. ‘Perhaps the ………………… looked unsure.
“मम्मी ने हमें स्पष्ट रूप से कहा कि वह जलने के निशान हैं।” निशाद ने दृढतापूर्वक कहा। ‘शायद पुलिस ने उसे बाहर निकालने के लिए घर को आग लगा दी’, मैंने सुझाव दिया। सात अनिश्चित लग रहा था।

Word Meaning: Unsure-not certain = अनिश्चित।

6. On the .. ……………… been there.
माँ के जन्म दिन के बाद सोमवार को, सात गिरगाम क्लीनिक उनके साथ अकेला गया। क्योंकि मैं अपनी शाम अपने स्कूल के दोस्त के साथ बिता रहा था। जब वह वापिस आए थे, निशाद ने बताया कि वह श्रीमान् नाथ को मिलने गए थे। मुझे बहुत गुस्सा आया क्योंकि मैं वहाँ पर नहीं था।

Word Meaning: Annoyed-to be angry = गुस्से में।

7. Seven had ………………………. Mr Nath.’ The man …………………… marble?’
सात श्रीमान् नाथ के दुर्बलतापूर्वक चेहरे से बहुत बहुत परेशान था और उसको पूरा विश्वास था कि वह भूख से पीड़ित था। उसने मुझे बताया कि उसने श्रीमान् नाथ का उस शाम को दरवाजा बहुत जोर से खटखटाया और कहा, ‘श्रीमान् नाथ जल्दी से दरवाजा खोलो।’ उस व्यक्ति ने दरवाजा खोलते हुए कहा “क्या दूसरा पत्थर खो गया?”

Word Meaning: Gaunt-Lean = दुर्बल. Starving-Suffering from extreme hunger = भूख से पीड़ित, Knocked-Hit on the door = खटखटाना।

8. Ile had ………………………………. into it. ‘Did you …………….. …………… I asked. उसने वास्तव में मेरे भाइयों को पहचान लिया।
“नहीं”, निशाद ने कहा। उसने उस आदमी का हाथ अपने हाथ में लिया, और चॉकलेट उसके हाथ में थमा दी।
“क्या तुम्हें, संदूक में झाँकने का मौका मिला, सात?” मैंने पूछा।

Word Meaning:Obviously-clearly = वास्तव में, Thrust-togive = देना, Peep to look = देखना।

9. Nishad looked …………………….. to him’.
निशाद निराश लग रहा था। उसने मुझे अन्दर भी आने को नहीं कहा।’ तब वह मुस्कुराया पर। मैं कुछ चीज पता लगा पाया, माया। मैं नीचे रेस्टोरेन्ट में गया जहाँ रमेश काम करता है और उससे बात की।

Word Meaning: Disappointed-to frus. trate = निराश।

10. “Good for you……………him properly.’ Seven looked…………………..and tips’well.
“तुम्हारे लिए अच्छा है, श्रीमान् गुप्तचर” उसकी पीठ पर थपथपाते हुए मैंने कहा, “मुझे आशा है कि तुमने उससे उचित प्रश्न पूछे हैं।

सात बहुत खुश लगा। रमेश ने बताया कि वह श्रीमान् नाथ के लिए हर सुबह और शाम दो वक्त का खाना और दो कप चाय ले जाता है। रमेश ने कहा कि वह खाने के बारे में ज्यादा विशेष रुचि नहीं रखता। हमेशा एक जैसा ही खाना रहता है-दो रोटी, दाल और सब्जी। श्रीमान् नाथ नकद भुगतान करते हैं और बख्शीश भी।

Word Meaning: Detective-One who delets criminals = गुप्तचर, Patted-to lovingly stroke the back = थपथपाना, Cash-Ready money = नकदी।

11. ‘Ramesh told ………….. hardly speaks.’
“रमेश ने मुझे कुछ बहुत अजीब बताया’, माया, सात ने कहा, “लगभग हर रविवार वह श्रीमान् नाथ के कमरे में दो (आदमियों के लिए) खाने ले जाता है और एक ही आदमी उस कमरे में हमेशा होता है। वह लम्बा, खूबसूरत. प्रबल और चश्मा पहनता है। रमेश कहता है कि उसका मेहमान बहुत बोलता है, श्रीमान् नाथ के विपरीत जो बहुत कम बोलते हैं।”

Word Meaning: Stout-Strongly built = स्थूल शरीर का।

12. ‘Well done…………………….. the crook.’ ‘llow you ……………………… so ordinary !’
“ठीक है निशाद”. मैंने उससे कहा, “हमने अपनी पूछताछ में कुछ सफलता पर ली है. हमें निपुण गुप्तचर की तरह सच ढूँढना पड़ेगा ताकि हम अपने जाल में फंसा सकें।” ‘तुम कैसे कह सकती हो माया’- सात ने आह भरते हुए कहा “तुम कैसे अनुमान लगा सकती हो कि वह अपराधी है? वह बिल्कुल ही साधारण लगता है।”

Word Meaning: Progress-to move for ward – सफलता, Inquiries-to wish to know = पूछताछ, Experl-Well equipped = निपुण, Possibly-may be = शायद।

13.Criminals can………………….doubtful. The monsoons ……………………… holiday.
अपराधी काफी साधारण लग सकते हैं, मैंने एकदम कहा। ‘क्या तुमने कल अखबारों में हैदराबादी घर लूटने वालों की तस्वीर देखी? वह सड़क चलते किसी भी आदमी की तरह लग रहा था।’ निशाद ने शकभरी नजरों से देखा।

अगले दिन वर्षा शुरू हो गई। बिजली कड़कने के साथ काले बादल छा गए और गड़गड़ाहट के साथ तूफानी वर्षा होने लगी। भारी वर्षा से सारी सड़कों में बाढ़ आ गई। गर्मी की छुट्टियों के बाद स्कूल खुला था, पर उस पानी से भरी सड़कों पर से यातायात नहीं गुजर सकता था और आकस्मिक छुट्टी हो गई थी।

Word Meaning: Criminal-Who commited crimes = अपराधी, Unexpected-not to expected = अवाक्षित, Accompanied to be along with = साथ में, Blinding-unable to see = धुंध, Roaringdeep sound as a lion = गरजना, Fury-angry = गुस्से से।

14. I thought……………………………CROOK. Expert Detectives …………. Whole World.
मुझे लगा कि मैंने समय सही रूप से बिताया है। मैं अपने सोने के कमरे में कुछ कागज रख कर बैठा था। मैंने बड़े शब्दों में लिखा- एक अपराधी को पकड़ना हैनिपुण जासूस निशाद और माया पण्डित-पूरी दुनिया द्वारा नियुक्त।

Word Meaning: लिखें

15. Then I …………………………….. I asked. lle looked ………………………….. to hear?’
तब मैंने लिखना आरंभ किया। लगभग आधे घंटे बाद, मैं सात की तरफ मुड़ा जो अपने पट के बल लेटा था. उसकी ठोड़ी उसके हाथ में थी और वह हास्यप्रद पुस्तक पढ़ रहा था। ‘तुम सुनना चाहते हो कि मैंने क्या लिखा है?’ मैंने पूछा।

उसने प्रश्नवाचक मुद्रा से मुझे देखा। जान ली है. मैंने श्रीमान् नाथ के बारे में उसे जाल में फंसाने के लिए सारी सच्चाई जान ली है,’ मैंने कहा। “सुनना चाहते हो?”

Word Meaning: Palms-Lowerside of hand = हाथ का हथेलि, Questionigly-In a question = प्रश्नात्मक, Chin-front part form of lower jaw = ढोडी।

16.Seven nodded ……………… mannerless.
सात ने स्वीकृति में सिर हिलाया ‘पहला सच’ मैंने पढ़ा, ‘उसका नाम श्रीमान् नाथ है। हमें उसका पहला नाम ढूँढना है।’
‘क्या तुम सोचते हो यह उसका वास्तविक नाम है, माया?’ निशाद ने पूछा।
(नहा,” मन कहा। “ज्यादातर अपराधी ऐसे होते हैं।’ मैंने मि. नाथ के बाद एक बड़ा प्रश्न चिह्न लगाया।)
‘दूसरा सच’ मैं पढ़ता रहा, ‘शंकर घर के किराएदार कहते हैं कि वह पागल, अजीब और रूखे हैं।’ ‘तीसरा’ यह कि ‘वह किसी से बात नहीं करता और बदतमीज है।’

Word Meaning: Discover-to find = uteri, Tenants-one who stay on rent = किराएदार, Mannerless-without manners = बिना तमीज के।

17. ‘But he …………………….. interrupted. lle only ………….. nodded.

‘पर उसने हमसे बात की, माया, और माँ कहती है कि वह बहुत नम्न है,’ निशाद ने हस्तक्षेप करते हुए कहा। ‘उसने मजबूरी में हमसे बात की’ मैंने कहा, और क्योंकि वह माँ से इलाज करवा रहा था, उसने नम्न व्यवहार किया। ‘चौथा सच’ उसे कोई पत्र नहीं मिलते।’ सात ने स्वीकृति में सिर हिलाया।

Word Meaning: Interrupted-to interfere = हस्तक्षेप करना।

18. ‘Number 5……………………….. of him.

“क्रम पाँच: वह एक वर्ष से शंकर हाउस के दस नंबर कमरे में रह रहा है.’मैं बोलता रहा। क्रम छ:: वह काम नहीं करता और पूरा दिन अपने कमरे में बैठा रहता है।
‘क्रम सात’: शंकर हाउस के बच्चे और कुछ बड़े भी उससे डरते हैं।

19. 8: lle ……………….. anything, Seven?’
क्रम आठ; उससे एक चश्मे वाला, गोरे, मोटे आदमी के – अलावा और कोई मेहमान मिलने नहीं आता।
क्रम नौः उसके लिए रमेश नीचे रेस्टोरेन्ट से उसके कमरे तक खाना और चाय लेकर जाता है। वह इस बात पर ध्यान नहीं देता कि वह क्या खाता है, अपना बिल एकदम दे देता है और सही सी
बखशशि भी देता है। इससे हमारी सूची समाप्त होती है। सात क्य मैं कुछ भूल गया?

Word Meaning: Spectacled-earing spectacles: चश्मा पहने, Immediately-at once = तत्काल।

20. Nishad had ……………….. said Nishad.
निशाद सच्चाई की तरफ ज्यादा ध्यान नहीं दे रहा था। वह सिर्फ यह कह सकता था. बेचारा आदमी, माया. वह शायद अकेला होगा अगर उसका कोई दोस्त नहीं होगा।’
‘एक अपराधी के दोस्त कैसे हो सकते हैं?’ मैंने एकदम चिल्लाते हुए कहा।’
‘कम से कम उसका एक दोस्त तो है, वह जो रविवार को मिलता है,’ निशाद ने कहा

Word Meaning:Obviously-clearly = स्पष्ट, Lonely-alone = अकेला।

21. A brilliant ……………… I’m right.’
एक अच्छा विचार मेरे दिमाग में आया। वह आदमी लूट में श्रीमान् नाथ का साथी होगा’, मैंने कहा ‘शायद वह सारा लूटा हुआ सामान रखता है और वह अपने साथी, श्रीमान् नाथ को खर्च के लिए उसका हिस्सा देने आता है। बस इतना ही! मैं निश्चित हूँ कि मैं ठीक हूँ।’

Word Meaning: Accomplice—partner = सहभागी, Expenses-to spent money – खच

22. If you ………………….. generous tips.’ ‘Ramesh probably…………………….. I said.
‘अगर तुम उसको अपराधी कहने पर विवश हो, मैं नहीं सोचता कि मैं तुम्हारे साथ किसी बात पर विचार-विमर्श करना चाहता हूँ ‘माया’, निशाद ने गुस्से से कहा। वह इतना बुरा आदमी नहीं हो सकता अगर वह रमेश को इतनी दयालुता से बख्शीश देता है।’ _ ‘रमेश शायद उसकी पिछली जिन्दगी के बारे में कुछ जानता है, इसलिए श्रीमान् नाथ उसको चुप रहने के लिए रिश्वत दे रहे होंगे’. मैंने कहा।

Word Meaning: Discuss-to examine by argument – वाद-विवाद, Generous-hind = दयालु, Tip-a small amount of money = बख्शीश।

23. Nishad glared………………… with him. “How can ……………….. I asked.
T’ll cooperate……………………… me angry.’
निशाद ने गुस्से से अपनी बाजू को छाती पर ताने हुए मुझे देखा। मैं उससे नाराज हो रहा था।
“हम किस तरह से अपनी छान-बीन में सफलता प्राप्त कर सकते हैं, यदि तुम्हारा यही रवैया रहा सात?” मैंने कहा। ‘मैं तभी साथ दूंगा अगर तुम मुझे इस बात का विश्वास मिला दो कि वह भगोड़ा हुए अपराधी है.’ सात ने कहा। “तुम मुझे बहुत नाराज करते हो।”

Word Meaning: Glared-To looke con: stantly = घूरना, Investigations-to find out = छान-बीन. Cooperate-touworke together = साथ काम करना, Escaped-run away = दौड़ जाना।

24. I almost …………………………. tell me?’
Nismad looked ………………….. lives alone.’
मैने लगभग उसे मारते हुए कहा ‘मैं तुम्हें नाराज कर रहा हूँ. तुम बेवकूफ, में चिल्लाया। “तुम मुझे पागल कर रहे हो! इस सब छानबीन का क्या अर्थ है अगर वह अपराधी नहीं है? अगर तुम सोचते हो कि वह कोई नहीं है तो उसके बारे में क्यों परेशान हो। कृपा सा मुझे बताओ?

निशाद ने सोच-विचार से देखा। ‘मैं पता लगाना चाहूँगा कि वह इतना पतला क्यों है और वह इतना अकेला क्यों है। मैं जानना चाहता हूँ कि उसका कोई दोस्त क्यों नहीं है और वह अकेला रहता है।’

Word Meaning: Stupid Foolish = मूर्ख, Enqueiries-to find out = to worry aboult = परेशान होना, Lonely-alone = अकेला।

25. “Try to …………………………… the cops.’
‘सात समझने की कोशिश करो’, मैंने उससे कहा, “अगर वह एक वर्ष से शंकर हाउस में रह रहा है और एक भी दोस्त नहीं बनाया, शायद इसमें कुछ गलत है। वह स्पष्ट रूप से डर रहा है कि कोई उसे पहचान कर पुलिस को न सौंप दे।”

Word Meaning: Obviously-clearly = स्पष्ट रूप से, Seared to be afrid – डरना, Recognizeto identify = पहचान लेना।

26. ‘Maybe no……………………. his friend.’
‘शायद उसके साथ किसी ने दोस्ती करने की कोशिश नहीं को’ निशाद ने विरोध में कहा।
तुम्हारे बारे में कोई भी क्यों परेशान होगा? तुमने देखा कि एक बुरा भालू कैसा होता है’, मैंने कहा। निशाद ने दृढ़ता से कहा, “मुझे परवाह नहीं है’ मैं उससे पसंद करता हूँ और उसका दोस्त बनने की कोशिश करूंगा।

Word Meaning: Protested-to raise your voice = विद्रोह में आवाज उठाना, Stubbornly-Ina harsh = कठोर आवाज में।

27.’Friends with …………………. you idiot?’
Nishad merely ……….. at all.
‘अपराधी के साथ मित्रता ! हा ! तुम पागल हो. सात, मैंने कहा, “पुलिस तुम्हें उसके साथ जेल ले जाएगी। बेवकूफ, क्या तुम ऐसा चाहते हो?”
निशाद ने मुश्किल से मेरी तरफ घूरा और चुपचाप कमरे से बाहर निकल गया। मेरी विचारधारा ने उस पर कोई प्रभाव नहीं छोड़ा था।

Word Meaning: Theories-concept = विचारधारा, Merely-just = सिर्फ. Glared-to look constantly = घूरना, Impression-Constanteffect = प्रभाव।

Expert Detectives Summary in English

Nishad a five year old boy and his sister Maya are very curious to know about Mr. Nath. They think that he is poor. Still they are perplexed that if he is a run away crimnal then he can’t be poor.

Both Nishad and Maya act as detecives. It is certain assumptions which derive them to the canclusion. They think that scars on his face were formed during police shoot out or when fire had burnt burnt to force him out.

Nishad makes a lot of inquiries about Mr. Nath’s meals from Ramesh. Ramesh tells about his eating habits and that the same man comes to visit every Sunday.

Both of them like expert detectives sat to detect the case. Maya made a list of nine main points to prove their case. On listening to all the facts laid down by Maya, Nishad pitied Mr. Nath. They took the friend of Mr. Nath to be his accomplice. Nishad feels that if Mr. Nath gives such tips than he cannot be a bad man.

Nishad is very curious to know about the true identity of Mr. Nath and wants to befriend Mr. Nath.

Expert Detectives Summary in Hindi

सारांश निशाद, एक सात साल का लड़का और उसकी बहन माया श्रीमान् नाथ के बारे में जानने के लिए बहुत उत्सुक हैं। वह सोचते हैं कि वह गरीब है पर फिर भी वह इस बात से बहुत परेशान हैं कि अगर वह अगोड़ा अपराधी है तो वह गरीब नहीं हो सकता।

दोनों निशाद और माया गुप्तचरों का काम करते हैं। कुछ धारणाएँ उनको निष्कर्ष पर पहुँचाती हैं। वह सोचते हैं कि उसके चेहरे पर निशान पुलिस की गोला-बारी में या जब उसको निकालने के लिए आग लगाई गई तब बने होंगे। निशाद रमेश से श्रीमान् नाथ के भोजन के बारे में पता लगाता है। रमेश उनके खाने की दिनचर्या के बारे में बताता है और यह भी कि ऐसा ही एक व्यक्ति रविवार को उनके घर आता है।

दोनों निपुण जासूस की तरह केस की छान-बीन करते हैं। माया ने नौ मुख्य बातों की एक सूची बनाई। निशाद को वे सब बातें सुनने पर दया आने लगी। उन्होंने श्रीमान् नाथ के दोस्त को अपना साथी माना। निशाद महसूस करता है कि अगर वह इतनी बख्शीश दे सकता है तो वह बुरा आदमी नहीं हो सकता।

निशाद श्रीमान् नाथ की सच्चाई जानना चाहता है और उनसे दोस्ती करना चाहता है।

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 7 The Invention of Vita Wonk Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 7 The Invention of Vita Wonk

HBSE 7th Class English The Invention of Vita Wonk Textbook Questions and Answers

Comprehension Check

The Invention Of Vita Wonk Summary In Hindi HBSE Class 7 Question 1.
Choose the right answer.
(i) Mr Willy Wonka is
(a) a cook
(b) an inventor
(c) a manager.
Answer:
(b) an inventor

(ii) Wonka-Vite makes people
(a) older
(b) younger.
Answer:
(a) older

(iii) Mr Wonka wants to invent a new thing which will make people
(a) younger
(b) older.
Answer:
(b) older.

The Invention Of Vita Wonk Question Answer HBSE Class 7 Question 2.
Can anyone’s age be a minus number? What does “minus 87” mean?
Answer:
No, it is not possible for one’s age to the minus number. Minus 87 means that he has to wait for 87 years to come back.

The Invention Of Vita Wonk Summary HBSE Class 7 Question 3.
Mr Wonka begins by asking himself two questions. What are they?
(i) What is ?
(ii) What lives ?
Answer:
(i) What is the oldest living thing in the world?
(ii) What lives longer than anything else?

Working With The Text

The Invention Of Vita-Wonk Summary HBSE Class 7 Question 1.
(i) What trees does Mr Wonka mention? Which tree does he say lives the longest?
(ii) How long docs this tree live? Where can you find it?
Answer:
(i) Mr. Wonka talks about Bristle cone pine, Douglas fir and oak. The Pine tree lives for the longest.
(ii) The Pine tree lives for 4000 years. This tree is found on the slopes of Wheeler Park in Nevada, U.S.A.

The Invention Of Vita Wonk Class 7 HBSE Question 2.
How many of the oldest living things can you remember from Mr Wonka’s list? (Don’t look back at the story!) Do you think all these things really exist, or are some of them purely imaginary?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka makes a longl list of ancient things. He talks about pint of sap from a 4000 year old Bristlecone Pine, Toe nail clippiong from a 168 years old Russian farmer, an egg laid by a 200 year old tortoise and whiskers of a 36 years old cat. He also talks about tail of a 51 year old horse and tail of 207 year old giant rat. All the things do not sound real and some of them are just imaginary.

The Invention Of Vita-Wonk HBSE Class 7 Question 3.
Why does Mr Wonka collect items trom the oldest things? Do you think this is the right way to begin his invention?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka collects items from the oldest things because in his invention he wants the things to grow old. This is indeed the right way to begin his invention and it began to give positive desired results.

The Invention Of Vita Wonk HBSE Class 7 Question 4.
What happens to the volunteer who swallows four drops of the new invention? What is the name of the invention?
Answer:
The volunteers begin to Wrinkle and Shrivel up all over and his hair starts dripping off on swallowing four drops of the new invention. He had suddenly become an old fellow of seventy five. The name of this invention is Vita-Wonk.

HBSE 7th Class English The Invention of Vita Wonk Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Invention Of Vita Wonk Question Answer HBSE Class 7 Question 1.
Why did Wonka feel that making younger was dangerous?
Answer:
By making people younger, their age become minus. This led to disappearing of some people.

Invention Of Vita Wonk Summary HBSE Class 7 Question 2.
“So once again I rolled up my Sleeves” What does once again stand for?
Answer:
He had already made one discovery and was preparing for another discovery.

Class 7 English The Invention Of Vita Wonk HBSE Question 3.
How did Mr. Willy plan to make people older?
Answer:
Mr. Willy worked to find out about the oldest living thing in the world.

Class 7 The Invention Of Vita Wonk HBSE Question 4.
What did Wonka find about Pine?
Answer:
Wonka found out that Pine grew up on the slopes of Wheeler Peak in Nevada, U.S.A. and arc over 4000 years old.

Invention Of Vita Wonk HBSE Class 7 Question 5.
Who is dendroehronologist?
Answer:
A person who can link the age of one creature with other in a certain specified manner to draw conclusions.

Question 6.
How did Mr. Wonka manage to go round the world?
Answer:
He went round the world with Charlie in great glass elevator.

Question 7.
How did Mr. Wonka collect the samples for his invention?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka went around the world and took a bit of each thing like hair or an eyebrow.

Question 8.
How can you say that Mr. Wonka did not fear his death?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka did not least bother about his age. He tracked venomous squakle who could spit poison right into one’s eye from fifty yards away.

Question 9.
What did Mr. Wonka do with the ingredients he had cokllected?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka boiled and bubbled all the things to produce a tiny cupful of oily black liquid.

Question 10.
What happened when Mr. Oompa- Loompa drank four drops of oily black liquid?
Answer:
As Oompa-Loompa drank it, he began wrinkling and shrivelling. He became an old fellow of seventy five.

Some Other Questions For Examination

Question 1.
Why did Wonka feel that making younger was dangerous?
Answer:
By making people younger, their age become minus. This led to disappearing of some people.

Question 2.
“So once again I rolled up my sleeves”. What does ‘once again’ stand for?
Answer:
He had already made one discovery and was preparing for another discovery.

Question 3.
Match the names of trees/insect in column I with their explanation in column II.
Table 1
Answer:
Table 2

Question 4.
What enabled Mr. Wonka to go around the world so soon?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka had a Great Grass Elevator which enabled him to go around the world so soon.

Question 5.
What is the special feature of Venomous Squcrkle?
Answer:
The special feature of Venomous Squerkle is that it has the potency to throw its poison fifty yards away from it.

Question 6.
Describe the steps Mr. Wonka followed before Vita-Wonk was finally invented.
Answer:
(a) Mr. Wonka rolled up his sleeves and began his search for the new recipe.
(b) He set out to search for the oldest raw materials.
(c) He took a pint of sap from a 4000 year old bristlecone pine.
(d) He tracked down very ancient animals and took little bits from them.
(e) After mixing all the items, he did a lot of bubbling and testing in his Inventing Room.
(f) Finally, he was able to invent Vita-Wonk.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

Tick (✓) the correct option.

Question 1.
Whose egg did Mr. Wonka collect?
(а) A young tortoise’s
(b) A 200 year old tortoise’s
(c) A 50 year old hen’s
(d) A 200 year old hen’s.
Answer:
(b) A 200 year old tortoise’s ✓

Question 2.
To which country did Giant Rat belong to?
(a) Sikkim
(b) China
(c) U.S.
(d) Tibet
Answer:
(d) Tibet ✓

Question 3.
Which part of the body of Cattaloo did he collect?
(a) thigh-bones
(b) finger-bones
(c) knuckle-bones
(d) hip-bones
Answer:
(c) knuckle-bones ✓

Question 4.
Who is dendrochronologist?
(a) a person who studies about animals
(b) a person who studies about plants.
(c) a person who studies about both animals and plants
(d) a person who can link the age of one creature with other ih a certain specified manner to draw conclusions
Answer:
(d) a person who can link the age of one creature with other ih a certain specified manner to draw conclusions ✓

Question 5.
What was the colour of the liquid Mr. Wonka produced?
(a) white
(b) red
(c) purple
(d) black
Answer:
(d) black ✓

Question 6.
What happened when Oompa-Loompa took four drops of new liquid?
(а) He began wrinkling and shrivelling up all over.
(b) His hair started dropping off.
(c) His teeth started falling out.
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these ✓

Question 7.
Who is the author of The Invention of Vita-Wonk?
(a) RaoldDahl
(b) D.J. Enright
(c) William Elliot Griffis
(d) John Galsworthy
Answer:
(a) RaoldDahl ✓

Make Sentences

Frame sentences of your own with the following words:
(i) Disappear
(ii) Beginning
(iii) Moment
(iv) Produced
(v) Special
Answer:
(i) Disappear: The magic of the wand made the poverty disappear from the village.,
(ii) Beginning: Well beginning is half-done.
(iii) Moment: It was the most precious moment of my life when I got the first prize in the test.
(iv) Produced: More than 10,000 tyres were produced by factory in a year.
(v) Special: I wish to gift something special on my friend’s birthday.

The Invention of Vita Wonk Passages for Comprehension

Read the passages given below careful and answer the questions that follow:

Passage – 1

So once ……………. to come.
Questions:
(i) What does word again stand for?
(ii) What was the new recipe?
(iii) How was the age to be created?
(iv) Which idea crossed his mind?
Answer:
(i) Word ‘again’ indicates that earlier he had made an invention.
(ii) The new recipe was to create age.
(iii) Age could be created by making people old.
(iv) He wanted to find out about the oldest living thing in the world.

Passage – 2

“Right you ……………… years old!
Questions:
(i) Who is ‘you’?
(ii) What is right?
(iii) Which tree does the speaker want to talk about?
(iv) Which is the evergreen tree mentioned in the passage.
Answer:
(i) You is charlie.
(ii) Charlie is right in making.
(iii) The speaker wants to talk about Bristle core pine.
(iv) Ceder.

Passage – 3

Mr. Wonka ………………. was sleeping.
Questions:
(i) Who is Mr. Wonka?
(ii) Which things were traced down?
(iii) From whose toes once of jam was scraped?
(iv) What was the importance bit taken from each of them?
Answer:
(i) Mr. Wonka is the inventor
(ii) The old and ancient animals were tracked down.
(iii) Jam was scraped from toes of whistle big bobolink, the strock, pollyfrog, etc.
(iv) Hair, eyebrow or Jam between its toe was taken. This was used to produce black liquid.

Passage – 4

I produced ………………. what happened.
Questions:
(i) How was cupful of black liquid produced?
(ii) Who is oompa-loompa?
(iii) What happened on consuming four drops?
(iv) Choose the word which means ‘doing willingly’.
Answer:
(i) Cupful of black liquid was produced after lots of boiling and bubbling and mixing.
(ii) Oompa-loompa is a volunter who was ready to test the liquid.
(iii) On consuming four drops oompa-loompa suddenly became an old fellow of seventy- five.
(iv) Volunteer.

Passage – 5

The movement ……………… seventy-five!
Questions:
(i) What did he swallow?
(ii) What happened when he began to swallow?
(iii) How did he change?
(iv) Choose the word which means “to shrink and dry up”
Answer:
(i) He swallowed four drops of black liquid.
(ii) When he began to swallow, he began to wrinkle and his hair started dropping off.
(iii) He suddenly became an old fellow of seventy-five.
(iv) Shrivelled.

The Invention of Vita Wonk Translation in Hindi

1. Mr Willy …………………….. new thing…
श्रीमान विली वोल्का वोन्वा वाइटा की खोज से आरंभ करता है, जिससे लोग उम्र में छोटे हो जाते हैं। पर वोन्का वाइटा बहुत शक्तिशाली है। इसलिए कुछ लोग गायब हो जाते हैं, क्योंकि उनकी उम्र कम हो जाती है। वास्तव में एक व्यक्ति की उम्र नकारात्मक सतासी बन जाती है। इसका अर्थ है कि उसको वापस आने के लिए सतासी वर्ष इंतजार करना पड़ेगा।
श्रीमान विली वोका की नई चीज को खोज जरूर करनी है।

2. Mr Wonka………………. anything else?”
श्री वोन्का कहते हैं, “इसलिए मैंने दुबारा से अपनी बात मोड़ी और काम शुरू किया। फिर मैंने दुबारा से दिमाग पर जोर लगाया, नई विधि सोची…..मुझे उम्र को पैदा करना था….लोगों को बूढ़ा बनाना था….बूढ़ा और बूढ़ा, और बूढा…”हा-हा!” मैं चिल्लाया… .पर विचार उत्पन्न हो रहे थे…”इस दुनिया में पाई जाने वाली सबसे पुरानी चीज क्या है? कौन सी चीज दूसरी चीज से लंबा जीती है?”

Word Meaning: Rolled = to roll over, गोल मोड़ना। Squeezed = to press, दबाना। Recipe = method to make, खाना बनाने की विधि।

3. “A tree,” ……………………….. years old!
“एक पेड़” चारली ने कहा “चारली तुम ठीक हो! पर किस तरह का पेड़ है? न तो देवदार का पेड़ न की बलूत का पेड़। न, न मेरे बेटे। इस पेड़ को देवदार का पेड़ कहते हैं जो निवेदा, अमेरिका में वीलर चोटी की घाटियों पर पाए जाते हैं। आज यह लगभग 4000 वर्ष पुराने हैं।

Word Meaning: Fir = a kind of tree of pine family, देवदार। Oak = any tree of the genus, बलूत का वृक्ष। Pine = a soft kind of timber, देवदार।

4. This is………………………. living things…
यह सच है, चारली। किसी भी घटनाओं को कार्यक्रम के अनुसार लिखने वाले से मिले (और उस शब्द का अर्थ घर जा कर शब्दकोश में ढूंढिए) इसलिए मैं इस बात से चौंक गई। मैं बहुत
बड़े काँच के एलिवेटर में कूदा और दुनिया के सब क्षेत्रों से प्राचीन सूचना इकट्ठी करने क कोशिश की।

5. Apint………….. ……. of tonga.

• 4000 वर्ष प्राचीन देवदार के पेड़ से डेढ़ पाव रस।
• 168 वर्ष बूढ़े रूसी किसान पैटरोविच ग्रेरग्रोविच के पैरों के नाखून के अंश।
• 200 वर्ष बूढ़े कछुए के द्वारा दिया गया अंडा जो टोंगा के राजा के पास था।

Word Meaning: Pint = a pint of liquid like with, डेढ़ पाव का नाप। Clipping = a pice separedud by cuttings, कतरन।

6. . The tail ………………………….36 years

• 51 वर्ष बूढ़े अरब में पाए जाने वाले घोड़े की पूंछ।
• 36 वर्ष बूढ़ी बिल्ली की मूंछे जिसका नाम करमपटस है।
• एक बूढ़ा पिस्सू जो 36 वर्ष से करमपटस पर जी रहा है।

Word Meaning: Whiskers = hair growing! on upper up, मूंछे। Flea = a small juming insect, पिस्सू।

7. • The tail ………………….. from peru…”

तिब्बत के 207 वर्षीय विशाल चूहे की पूँछ।
97 वर्ष बूढ़े ग्रीमालकिन जो कि पर्वत पोपोकैटेपेटी में पाया जाने वाले के काले दाँत।
700 वर्ष बूढ़े पेरू में पाए जाने वाले कैटालू की पोर की हड्डी।

Word Meaning: Knuckle Bones = the bone of a finger which forms the knuckle, पोर की हड्डी।

8. “All over ……………………. was sleeping.

‘सारी दुनिया में चारली श्रीमान वोन्का बोलते रहे।’
मैंने हर तरह से बूढ़े और प्राचीन समय में पाए जाने वाले जानवरों की तहकीकात की और हर जानवर की कोई-न-कोई महत्त्वपूर्ण चीज इकट्ठी कर ली। …एक बाल या भौएँ या एक औस जैम जो कि पैरों के अंगुली के बीच में से सोए हुए कुरेदा गया हो।

Word Meaning: Ounce = a unit of weight, औंस।

9. Itracked…………………….. now,Charlie.
मैंने विसल-सुअर का पीछा किया। बोबोलिंक, सक्रोक, पोली मेढक, बड़ा कुश्लीक्यू, स्टिगिक सलग और जहरीला स्क्वीरकल जो कि पचास कदम की दूरी से तुम्हारी आँख में जहर उगल सकता है। पर अब चारली तुम्हें बताने का समय नहीं है।

Word Meanings: Tracked = to follow, 4781 Giant = very big, बहुत बड़ा। Yards = unit of measure, गज।

10. Let me……………….. what happened.” “What did happen?” Charlie asked.
मुझे अब जल्दी से बताने दो कि आखिर में, बहुत अधिक उबालने और बुलबुले बनाने के बाद और मिलाने और प्रमाण के पश्चात् अपने आविष्कार के कमरे में, मैंने काले रंग का तरल पदार्थ बनाया। उसकी चार बूंदें मैंने बहादुर बीस वर्ष के ऊपा-लूपा को पीने को दिया कि मैं उसका नतीजा देख सकूँ। “क्या हुआ?” चारली ने पूछा।

Word Meaning: Bubbling = air filled cavity, बुलबुले। Testing = finding a proof, प्रमाण। Inventing = To fabricate, अविष्कार करना।

11. “It was………………………….. invented!”
“बहुत शानदार बात घटी।” श्रीमान वोन्का चिल्ला कर बोले “जिस पल उसने निगला, उसके झरियाँ पड़ने लगीं और हर तरफ वह सिकुड़ने लगा और इससे पहले कि मुझे पता लगता उसके बाल गिरने लगे। वह अचानक 75 वर्ष के बूढ़े व्यक्ति में बदल गया। और इस तरह से, मेरे प्यारे चारली वीटा Wonk का आविष्कार हुआ।

Word Meaning: Shrivelled = to contract into wrinkles, सिकुड़ना।

The Invention of Vita Wonk Summary in English

This lesson deals about invention made by Mr. Willy Wonka. Intitially Wonka makes a invention to make people younger but now he wants to invent a new things. He’ wanted to make people old. He thought about oldest living things in the world. He consults charlie and finds about fir oak, cedar etc. Getting inspired he collected a lot of odd things such as sap from pine, toe nail from a fanner, tail of a horse, etc. Mr. Wonka went on all over the world and took a little bit of each of the things. So he put all the things together and boiled them together. This boiling turned the liquid into oily black liquid. This was offered to twenty- years-old oompa loompa. very strange results were provided Oompa-loompa began wrinkling his hair started falling off and his teeth started falling. Thus the man became an old fellow of seventy five. This led to invention ofVita-Wonk.

The Invention of Vita Wonk Summary in Hindi

यह पाठ श्रीमान विली वोन्का के द्वारा की खोज के बारे में बताता है। शुरू में श्रीमान वोंका ने उम्र कम करने की खोज की। पर अब वह नई चीजों की खोज करना चाहता है। वह लोगों को बूढ़ा करना चाहता है। वह इस दुनिया में पाई जाने वाली पुरानी चीजों के बारे में सोचता है। पर चारली से परामर्श करता है और बलूत के पेड़ व देवदार के पेड़ और कई अन्य पेड़ों के बारे में पता लगाता है। उत्साहित होकर वह कई अजीब तरह की चीजें इकट्ठी करता है जैसे देवदार के पेड़ से रस, किसान के पैर का नाखून, घोड़े की पूँछ श्रीमान वोन्का दुनिया के हर कोने से इन चीजों को इकट्ठी करके लाए। उसने इन सब चीजों को इकट्ठा किया और उबाला। उबालने से तरल पदार्थ काले रंग के तेलिय तरल में बदल गया। यह बीस वर्ष के ऊँपा लूम्पा को पीने को दिया गया। बहुत अजीब नतीजे देखे गए। उपाँ लूम्पा सिकुड़ने लगा, उसके बाल गिरने लगे और उसके दाँत गिरने लगे। वह 75 वर्ष के बूढ़े व्यक्ति में बदल गया। इससे वीटा वोक का अविष्कार हुआ।

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations

HBSE 7th Class History Eighteenth Century Political Formations Textbook Questions and Answers

HBSE 7th Class History Chapter 10 Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:

Eighteenth Century Political Formations HBSE 7th Class Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. Aurangzeb fought a protracted war in the ……………. .
2. Umara and Jagirdars constituted powerful sections of the Mughals ………….. .
3. Asaf Jah was given charge of the Deccan subedari in …………….. .
4. The founder of the Awadh Nawabi was ………….. .

Answer:

1. Deccan
2. Administration
3. 18th century
4. Burhan-ul-Mulk-Saidat Khan.

HBSE 7th Class Eighteenth Century Political Formations Question 3.
State whether true or false:

1. Nadir Shah invaded Bengal.
2. Sawai Raja Jai Singh was the ruler of Indore.
3. Guru Gobind Singh was the tenth Guru of the Sikhs.
4. Poona became the capital of the Marathas in the eighteenth century.

Answer:

1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True.

Question 4.
What were the offices held by Shaidat Khan?
Answer:
Offices held by Shaidat Khan Subedari, Foujdari, Diwani. He was responsible for managing political, financial and military affairs.

LET’S DISCUSS

Question 5.
Why did the Nawabs of Awadh and Bengal try to do away with the Jagirdari system?
Answer:
The Nawabs of Awadh and Bengal tried to do away with the Jagirdari system to reduce the influence of Mughals in their states.

Question 6.
How were the Sikhs organised in the eighteenth century?
Answer:
The following steps were taken by the Sikhs in the eighteenth century to organise themselves:
1. Sikhs organized themselves into a number of bands called jathas and later on misls.
2. They combined their forces which were known as the grand army (dal Khalsa).
3. The entire body used to meet at Amritsar at the time of Baisakhi and Diwali to take collective decisions known “resolutions of the Guru (gurunatas).”
4. Guru Gobind righ organised the Sikhs with the inspiration that their destiny was to rule.
5. The well-knit organization of the Sikhs enabled them to put up a successful resistance to the Mughal governors first and then to Ahmad Shah Abdali who had seized the rich province of the Punjab and the Sarkar of Sirhind from the Mughals.

Question 7.
Why did the Marathas want to expand beyond the Deccan?
Answer:
The Marathas wanted to expand beyond the Deccan to challenge Mughal Empire in the peninsula.

Question 8.
What were the policies adopted by Asaf Jah to strengthen his position?
Answer:
The policies adopted by Asaf Jah to strengthen his position were as follows:
1. As he had become the actual ruler of the Deccan, he brought skilled soldiers and administrators from northern India who welcomed the new opportunities in the south.
2. He appointed mansabdars and granted jagirs.
3. Mughal emperors could not interfere in the administration of Asaf Jab.

Question 9.
Do you think merchants and bankers today have the kind of influence they had in the eighteenth century?
Answer:
During the eighteenth century, banks were not so organised so merchants were more influential than bankers. They used to provide more loan opportunities at higher rate of interest.

Today, however the bankers are more influential. They provide loans and other financial assistance at cheaper rates. They also act as the safeguard of public money.

Question 10.
Did any of the kingdoms mentioned in this chapter develop in your state? If so, in what ways do you think life in the state would have been different in the eighteenth century from what it is in the twenty-first century?
Answer:
The students should develop their own answers. As an illustration in Punjab state, many princely states were acting as a puppet in the hands of the British. Today, India being a democratic country. It is different from the eighteenth century when we had to follow the directions of a monarch.

LET’S DO

Question 11.
Find out more about the architecture and culture associated with the new courts of any of the following Awadh, Bengal or Hyderabad.
Answer:
Account of the development of the architecture and culture associated with the new courts of Awadh, Bengal and Hyderabad.
(i) The rulers of Awadh followed secular political policy. The Nawabs did not discriminate between Hindus and Muslims. The people of both community were given state jobs.

(ii) Construction of Mask and temple were allowed.

(iii) The prolonged period of peace and of economic prosperity of the nobles under the government of the Nawabs resulted in time in the growth of a distinct Lucknow culture around the Awadh court. Lucknow, for long an important city of Awadh and the seat of the Awadh Nawabs after 1775, soon rivalled Delhi in its patronage of the arts and literature. It also developed as an important centre of handicrafts. Crafts and culture also percolated to towns under the patronage of local chieftains and zamindars.

Question 12.
Collect popular tales about rulers from any one of the following groups of people the Rajputs, Jats, Sikhs or Marathas.
Answer:
The most outstanding Rajput ruler of the 18th century was Raja Sawai Jaui Singh of Amber (1681-1743). He was a distinguished states man, law-maker arid reformer, But most of all he show as a man of science in an age when Indians were oblivious of scientific progress. He founded the city of Jaipur and made it a great seat of science and art. Jaipur was built upon strictly scientific principles and according to a regular plan. Its broad streets are intersected at right angles.

Jai Singh was above everything a great astronomer. He erected observatories with accurate and advanced instruments, some of them of his own invention, at Delhi, Jaipur, Ujjain, Varanasi and Mathura. His astronomical observations were remarkably accurate. He drew up a set of tables, entitled Zij Muhammad Shahi, to enable people to make astronomical observations. He had Euclid’s “Elements of Geometry” translated into Sanskrit as also several works on trignometry, and Napier’s work on the construction and use of logarithms.

Jai Singh was also a social reformer. He tried to enforce a low to reduce the lavish expenditure which the Rajput had to incur on their daughter’s weddings. This had given rise to the evil practice of infanticide. The remarkable prince ruled Jaipur for nearly 44 years from 1699 to 1743.

HBSE 7th Class History Eighteenth Century Political Formations Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How was Aurangzeb responsible for depleting the military and financial resources of his empire?
Answer:
Aurangzeb fought a long war in’the Deccan which resulted in the depletion of the military and financial resources of the empire.

Question 2.
What were the two major groups or factions in which the empire was further divided into?
Answer:
The two major groups or factions were Iranis and Turapis.

Question 3.
What were the three states that were carved out of the old Mughal Provinces in the 18th century?
Answer:
Awadh, Bengal and Hyderabad.

Question 4.
Why did Zamindars of Bengal borrow money from bankers and moneylenders?
Answer:
Zamindars of Bengal borrowed money to pay the revenue in cash.

Question 5.
Why was ‘rakhi’ introduced?
Answer:
The system of‘rakhi’ was introduced to give protection to cultivators on the payment of a tax of 20% of the produce.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who were revenue farmers?
Answer:
In the state of Awadh, revenue farmers were local bankers and Mahajans who were highest bidders for the right to collect tax. These revenue farmers agreed to pay the state a fixed sum of money.

Question 2.
Where did Banda Bahadur established sikh rule?
Answer:
Banda Bahadur established Sikh rule between the “Sutlej” and the Jamuna rivers.

Question 3.
After Shivaji’s death who led Marathas?
Answer:
After Shivaji’s death effective power in the Maratha state was wielded by a family of Chitpavan Brahmanas, who served Shivaji’s successors as Peshwa (or principal minister).

Question 4.
Name some Maratha chiefs.
Answer:
Sindhia of Gwalior, Gaekwad of Baroda, Bhonsle of Nagpur and Holkar of Indore were a few powerful Maratha chiefs.

Question 5.
Which taxes were collected by Maratha king?
Answer:
The Maratha king collected the taxes of Chauth and Sardeshmukhi in the entire region that he captured from Mughal emperors.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How did administrative system break down under weak successors of Aurangzeb?
Answer:
1. The weak successors of Aurangzeb could not keep vigil on their powerful mansabdars.
2. Nobles appointed as governors, often controlled the offices or revenue and military administration.
3. This gave them extraordinary political, economic and military powers over vast regions of the Mughal empire.
In this way, the Mughal administrative system declined under the weak successors of Aurangzeb.

Question 2.
Why did peasants and zamindars of North India rebel against Mughal emperor?
Answer:
1. The revolts of peasants and zamindars were caused by the pressures of mounting taxes.
2. Due to challenge to the emperor’s authority, nobles became outrageous and increased taxes on land or produce.
3. This was a big trouble to the peasants who were unable to pay increased taxes. Thus, they rebelled.

Question 3.
How did the Nawab of Awadh decrease Mughal influence in the Awadh?
Answer:
1. The Nawab of Awadh reduced the number of office holders (jagirdars) appointed by the Mughals.
2. He also reduced the size of jagirs and appointed his own loyal servants of vacant positions.
3. The accounts of jagirdars were checked to prevent cheating, and the revenues of all districts were reassessed by official appointed by the Nawab’s court.
4. He seized a number of Rajput Zamindari and the agriculturally lands of the Afghans of Rohilkhand.
Thus, the Nawab of Awadh decreased ‘ Mughal influence in the Awadh.

Eighteenth Century Political Formations Class 7 HBSE Notes

• Great Mughals: From 1526-1707 is called the age of Great Mughals.
• Later Mughals: The Mughal successors of Aurangzeb were knows as Later Mughals.
• Generation: A successive step in a natural descent.
• Succession: The order by which an offices changes hands.
• Swaraja: It means own kingdom. The term used by the Marathas.
• A loose union of states is known as confederacy.
• Chauth: It was the 1/4th of revenue paid to government under Marathas.
• Sardeshmukhi: A tax equal to 1/10th of the land revenue levied by Marathas.
• Biogotry: The term Biogotry is used for sectarian religious outlook usually against other religions.
• Spear: A weapon consisting of pointed head on a long shaft is called spear.
• Guerilla Warfare: A kind of irregular warfare which is fought from behind. A council of eight ministers under Shivaji called the Astha Pradhan.

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 8 Fire: Friend and Foe Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 8 Fire: Friend and Foe

HBSE 7th Class English Fire: Friend and Foe Textbook Questions and Answers

Comprehension Check

Fire Friend And Foe Summary In Hindi Class 7 HBSE  Question 1.
Mark the correct answer in each of the following:
(i) Early man was frightened of
– आदि मानव डरता था।
(a) lightning and volcanoes.
(b) the damage caused by them.
(c) fire.
Answer:
(b) the damage caused by them.

(ii) Fire is
(a) Fire is energy.
(b) Fire is heat and light.
(c) Fire is the result of chemical reaction
Answer:
(c) Fire is the result of chemical reaction

Fire Friend And Foe Summary Class 7 HBSE  Question 2.
From the boxes given below choose the one with the correct order of the following sentences.
(i) That is fire.
(ii) A chemical reaction takes place.
(iii) Energy in the form of heat and light is released.
(iv) Oxygen combines with carbon and hydro-gen.

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
Answer:
(iv) (ii) (iii) (i).

Working with The Text

Answer the following questions:

Class 7 Honeycomb Chapter 8 HBSE Question 1.
What do you understand by the ‘flash point’ of a fuel?
Answer:
Every fuel has a particular temperature. The temperature at which it begins to burn is called ‘flash point1 of a fuel.

Class 7 English Fire Friend And Foe HBSE Question 2.
(i) What are some common uses of fire?
Answer:
Fire is commonly used to cook our food, warm our homes in winter and to generate elec-tricity.

(ii) In what sense is it a “bad master”?
Answer:
It is a bad master if it gets out of control and burns the things which it engulfs.

Fire Friend And Foe Class 7 HBSE Question 3.
Match items in Column A with those in Column B.

Answer:

Question 4.
What are the three main ways in which a fire can be controlled or put out?
Answer:
Three things are needed for burning of the fuel. We can control in it we take away the fuel. We let fire did if do not add more fuel to it. The second way of putting out a fire is to prevent oxygen from reaching it. The third way of putting out fire is to remove the heat.

Question 5.
Match items in Box A with those in Box B:
Answer:
1. To burn paper or a piece of wood, we heat to before it catches fire.
2. Small fires can be put out with a damp blanket
3. When water is spread on fire, it absorbs heat from the burning material and lowers the temperature.
4. A carbon dioxide extinguisher is the best thing, to put out an electrical fire.
5. Space left between building reduces the risk of fire.

Question 6.
Why does a burning candle go out when you blow on it?
Answer:
When we blow on a burning match stick, we remove the hot air around the flame. This causes fall in temperature below the flash point. Thus the candle goes out.

Question 7.
Spraying water is not a good way of putting out an oil fire or an electrical fire. Why?
Answer:
If water is sprayed onto an oil fire, the oil will float on the top and continue to burn. Water can carry oil with it and continue to burn. Water should also not be used on fires caused by electrical appliances. The person might get an electric shock and get killed.

Question 8.
What are some of the things you should do to prevent a fire at home and in the school?
Answer:
Fire saving techniques are very important both at home and in school. At home fire can be controlled if all the the electrical appliances are earthed and insulated. There should aiways be a bucket of sand which can be of great help.

In the school we should perform demonstration drills so that students can be well equipped with ways to fight with fire. The school should have fire extinguishers which should always be ready for use.

HBSE 7th Class English Fire: Friend and Foe Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What made early man discover fire?
Answer:
Watching lightning and volcanoes made him discover fire.

Question 2.
How did chemical reaction take place?
Answer:
Chemical reaction takes place when oxygen in the air combines with carbon and hydrogen in a fuel.

Question 3.
What is fire?
Answer:
Energy, released in the form of heat and light is called the fire.

Question 4.
Give examples of fuel.
Answer:
Wood, coal, cooking gas and petrol are examples of fuels.

Question 5.
In what condition can burning not take place?
Answer:
The burning can not takes place if the fire has no fuel to hired on.

Question 6.
How does spraying of water helps us?
Answer:
Spraying of water helps to absorb heat from the burning fuel and lowers the temperature.

Question 7.
What led to forming of human chain?
Answer:
As there were no fire men so when fire broke out, everybody became a fire fighter.

Question 8.
What are known as fire brigades?
Answer:
Fire-fighting workers with special equipment is known as fire brigades. They are highly trained people and possess many skills.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How did man solve the puzzle regarding fire?
Answer:
The man learnt that fire is the result of a chemical reaction. When oxygen combines with carbon and hydrogen a chemical reaction takes place. Energy is released in form of heat and light.

Question 2.
How is it said that fire is a good servant but a bad master?
Answer:
Fire is a good servant as it helps to cook our food, warm our homes and to generate electricity. But it becomes a bad master when it gets out of control and thousands of homes and shops are damaged by fire.

Question 3.
What are three main ways which fire can be put out?
Answer:
There are three ways by which fire can be put out. If we take away the fuel, the fire has no fuel to feed on and no burning can take place. Secondly absence of oxygen can keep fire from reaching. Thirdly we can put off pre by removing the heat.

Question 4.
In which kind of cases water is not a useful fire to put off fire?
Answer:
If water is sprayed onto an oil fire, the oil will float on to the top of the water and continue to bum. Water can flow quickly, carrying the burning oil with it and spreading the fire. Water should also not be used on fires cause by electrical appliances as person spraying water can get an electric shock.

Question 5.
Who are fire fighters and how do they help us?
Answer:
Fire fighters are those who have special equipment, known as fire brigades who put out fires. They possess many skills’ and cut of electricity supply, knock down dangerous walls spray water other materials matrials to bring fire under

Some Other Questions For Examination

Question 1.
What are the three things used to make fire?
Answer:
The three used to make fire are fuel, oxygen and heat.

Question 2.
Give reason: When you blow smouldering paper, it often bursts into flame.
Answer:
When we blow on smouldering paper, it often bursts into flame because we blow air and oxygen comes from air which produces fire.

Question 3.
Why are small fires covered with a damp blanket or a sack?
Answer:
Small fires are covered with a damp blanket or a sack because this stops oxygen reaching the burning material.

Question 4.
Write three ways in which a fire can be put out.
Answer:
(a) take away the fuel
(b) prevent oxygen from reachling it.
(c) remove the heat.

Multiple Choice Questions

Tick (✓) the correct option.

Question 1.
Which of the following words means to burn in a suppressed manner’?
(a) Combine
(b) smouldering
(c) injured
(d) damp
Answer:
(a) Combine ✓

Question 2.
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Early man knew what fire was.
(b) Oxygen comes from the air.
(c) We use fire to generate electricity.
(d) Fire is very useful if it is kept under control.
Answer:
(c) We use fire to generate electricity. ✓

Question 3.
Fire is the result of a ……………… reaction.
(a) physical
(b) biological
(c) chemical
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) chemical ✓

Question 4.
Which of the following are examples of fuel?
(a) wood
(b) coal and petrol
(c) cooking gas
(d) all of these
Answer:
(b) coal and petrol ✓

Question 5.
Space left between buildings
(a) reduces the risk of fire
(b) increases the risk of fire
(c) plays no role in fire
(d) none of these
Answer:
(a) reduces the risk of fire ✓

Make Sentences

Use the following words in sentences of your own:
energy, powerful, frightened, watched, dangerous.
(i) Energy: Eating healthy food gives us energy.
(ii) Powerful: The truth is the most powerful weapon.
(iii) Frightened: I was frightened by the horrible dream I saw last night.
(iv) Watched: I watched my favorite movie on television.
(v) Dangerous: It is dangerous to play with sharp objects.

Fire: Friend and Foe Passages for Comprehension

Read the passages given below carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Passage – 1

1. He must …………….. was frightened.
Questions:
(i) Name the lesson.
(ii) Who is He’?
(iii) What inspired early man to use fire?
(iv) Why was he frightened?
Answers:
(i) The name of the lesson is ‘Fire: Friend and Foe’.
(ii) ‘He’ is early man.
(iii) Early man got inspiration from watching lightning and volcanoes.
(iv) He was frightened since fire was powerful and dangerous.

Passage – 2

It is ………………. under control.
Questions:
(i) How is fire a good servant?
(ii) When does fire become a bad master?
(iii) Choose a word which is opposite of ‘useless’.
(iv) How is fire kept under control?
Answers:
(i) Fire is a good servant since it helps us to cook our food, warm our homes and to generate electricity.
(ii) Fire becomes a bad master when it gets out of control.
(iii) Useful
(iv) Fire is kept under control by raising the kindling temperature of the fuel.

Passage – 3

Just as ………………. taken away.
Questions:
(i) What three things are needed to start a fire?
(ii) Name two main ways by which fire can be put out.
(iii) Which thing is most important for burning?
(iv) Write three forms of verb ‘take’.
Answers:
(i) Fuel, oxygen and heat are needed to start a fire.
(ii) Fire can be put out by cut off supply of oxygen and spraying of carbon dioxide.
(iii) Air (Oxygen) is most important for burning.
(iv) Take, took, taken

Passage – 4

In doing is extinguished.
Questions:
(i) What is mant done?
(ii) What is menat by flash point?
(iii) How is water benefical to control fire?
(iv) Choose a word which means to put of fire.
Answers:
(i) The match stick or a candle is blown off.
(ii) The flash point is the temperature at which it begins to catch fire.
(iii) Water absorbs heat form the burning fuel and lowers the temperature.
(iv) Extinguished.

Passage – 5

When fire ………………… fire risk.
Questions:
(i) Why did every body became a. fire fighter?
(ii) How did forming of human chain help?
(iii) What reduces the fire risk?
(iv) Choose a woid which means ‘to lessen’.
Answers:
(i) Everybody become a fire fighter because there were no fire men.
(ii) Human chains helped to pass buckets of water from a well or a pond to the blaze.
(iii) Leaving the space between the buildings reduces the fire risk.
(iv) Reduce.

Passage – 6

Fire fighters are highly trained people. They possess many skills. They cut off electricity supply, knock down dangerous walls, spray water and other materials to bring fire under control. They are also trained in first aid so that they can help people suffering from burns or from the effects of smoke.
Questions:
(i) Who are fire-fighters?
(ii) What do they do?
(iii) How can training in first aid help in case of fire?
(iv) Choose a word which means antonym of ‘safe’.
Answers:
(i) The fire-fighters are the people who put out fire.
(ii) They can knock down dangerous walls, spray water and cut of electic supply.
(iii) The training of first aid can help people suffering from burns or from the effect of smoke.
(iv) Dangerous.

Fire: Friend and Foe Translation in Hindi

Before you read
Fire is ………………. control it?
पढ़ने से पहले
आग दोनों महत्त्वपूर्ण और खतरनाक है। आग क्या? हमने – इसे कैसे खोजा? हम इसका कैसे नियंत्रण कर सकते हैं?

1. Early man……………….. was frightened.
आदमी नहीं जानता था कि आग क्या है पर उसने जरूर देखा होगा कि वह क्या नुकसान पहुँचा सकती है। उसने प्रदीप्ति और ज्वालामुखी को आग के प्रयोग से बहुत पहले देखा होगा। आग शक्तिशाली और खतरनाक थी इसलिए वह उससे डरता था।

Word Meaning: Damage-destruction = नुकसान, Watched-to look = देखना, Volcanoes-A conical hill which = ज्वालामुखी, Powerful having power = शक्तिशाली, Frightened-To be scared = डर, Lightning an electric clouds = प्रदीप्ति।

2. Fire may ………… ………….. call fire.
आग ने आदि मानव को शायद दुविधा में डाला होगा पर अब हमें मालूम है कि आग रासायनिक प्रतिक्रिया का नतीजा है। जब वातावरण में आक्सीजन, कार्बन और हाइड्रोजन ज्वलन पदार्थ में मिलती हैं, तो रासायनिक प्रक्रिया होती है। इस प्रक्रिया में उष्मा और रोशनी के रूप में ऊर्जा निकलती है। इसे ही हम आग कहते हैं।

Word Meaning: Puzzled-perplexity = दुविधा, Result-to come out = परिणाम, Chemical reaction-Relating to chemistry = रासायनिक प्रक्रिया, Combines-to join = मिलाना, Energy-Power to do work = ऊर्जा, Released-Given out = निकलना, Process–proceeding = fafel

3. Three things ………………………. is heat.
आग के लिए तीन चीजों की आवश्यकता है, ईंधन, आक्सीजन और ऊष्मा या ताप। लकड़ी, कोयला, खाना बनाने की गैस और पेट्रोल ईंधन के कुछ उदाहरण हैं। आक्सीजन वायुमंडल में पाई जाती है। इसलिए जब तुम मन्द-मन्द जलते कागज पर फूक मारते हो तो वह लपटों से जलने लगता है। आग के लिए तीसरी चीज ताप की आवश्यकता होती है।

Word Meaning: Fuel-Material for burning = ईंधन, Air-a kind of mixture of gases = वायु, Blow-stream of air = पूर्वक मारना, Smouldering-to burn in a suppressed manner = मन्द-मन्द जलना।

4. Fuel and ………………………….. the fuel.
इंधन और ऑक्सीजन अपने आप से नहीं जलते, नहीं तो अखबार या डंडा अपने आप से खुले में पड़े जलने लग जाते।
कागज या लकड़ी के टुकड़े को जलाने से पहले हमें गर्म करना पड़ता है। हम ज्यादातर जलती माचिस से ऐसा करते हैं। हर ईंधन का एक विशेष दहन ताप होता है जिस पर वह जलने लगता है। इस तापमान को अधिक बिन्दु या ईंधन का प्रज्वलित तापमान कहते हैं।

Word Meaning: Generally-mostly = अधिकतर, Flash Point-Transient condition = क्षणिक व्यवस्था।

5. It is …………………………. under control.
कई बार कहा जाता है कि आग एक अच्छा नौकर है पर बुरा मालिक। इसका आशय है कि आग बहुत उपयोगी है जब तक इसे नियंत्रण में रखा जाए।

Word Meaning: Sometimes-occasionly a कई बार, Useful-necessary = जरूरी, Control-limit = नियंत्रण।

6. For instance ………………… or injured.
उदाहरण के लिए हम इसका प्रयोग खाना बनाने के लिए, सर्दियों में घर को गर्म करने के लिए और बिजली उत्पन्न करने में करते हैं। पर दूसरी तरफ अगर आग नियंत्रण से बाहर चली जाए तब वह बहुत खतरनाक हो सकती है। हर वर्ष हजारों घर और दुकानें आग में नाश हो जाती हैं। विशाल वन क्षेत्र नष्ट हो जाता हैं और सैकड़ों लोग मारे जाते हैं और जख्मी हो जाते हैं।

Word Meaning: Instance-for example = उदाहरण, Generate-produce – उत्पन्न, Dangerous-perilous = खतरनाक, Damaged-destroyed = क्षति, Injured-get hurt = चोट पहुंचाना।

7.Just as ……………………… taken away.
जैसे आग शुरू करने के लिए तीन चीजों की आवश्यकता होती है, तीन प्रधान तरीके हैं जिससे हम आग को बुझा सकते हैं। तीनों में से एक तत्त्व जो जलने के लिए आवश्यक है, उसे हटा लो।

Word Meaning: Main-chief = प्रधान , Ways-methods = तरीके।

8. For example…………………………… to it.
उदाहरण के लिए हम ईधन ले सकते हैं। अगर आग को जलने के लिए इंधन न मिले तो आग नहीं जल सकती। साधारण रूप से हम ज्यादातर आग पर और ज्यादा ईधन न डालकर बुझने देते हैं।

9. The second ……………… extinguish fire.
आग बुझाने का दूसरा तरीका है कि ऑक्सीजन को पहुंचने से रोकना। आक्सीजन की आपूर्ति के बिना आग संभव नहीं है हल्की आग को बुझा सकते हैं या दवा सकते हैं-गीले कम्बल या बोरे की सहायता से। यह आक्सीजन को ज्वलनशील पदार्थ तक पहुँचने के लिए रोकता है। कई बार कार्बनडाआक्साइड की सहायता से आग को बुझाया जाता है।

Word Meaning: Putting out-to stop fire from burning = आग को बुझाना, Supply-provide what is required = आपूर्ति, Smothered-dense shiffling smoke = धुआँ, Damp-wet = गीला, Extingush-to put off – बुझाना।

10. It does ……. ………………….. it out.
यह ऑक्सजीन को ज्वलनशील पदार्थ तक पहुँचने नहीं देती। आग को बुझाने का तीसरा तरीका है ताप को हटाना। अगर तापमान को ज्वलनशील बिंदु से नीचे लाएँ तो ईंधन जलना बंद हो जाता है। तुम जलती माचिस या मोमबत्ती को फूंक मारते हुए बुझाते हो।

Word Meaning: Material thing = तत्त्व, Temperature-Heat = तापमान।

11. In doing ………………… is extinguished.
ऐसा करने में तुम लौ के चारों तरफ की गर्म हवा को हटाते हो और ताप अपने इच्छित बिंदु से नीचे चला जाता है तथा मोमबत्ती बुझ जाती है। कई पर पानी का छिड़काव आग पर किया जाता है। यह जलते ईंधन से उष्मा को सोख लेता है और ताप कम हो जाता है। पानी से भीगा कंबल भी ऑक्सीजन की आपूर्ति को काट देता है और आग बुझ जाती है।

Word Meaning: Flame-blaze of fire = ज्वाला, Sprayed-To sprinkle = छिड़कना, Absorbs-to put off = बुझाना।

12. Some fires ……………………… the fire.
कई प्रकार की आग पानी से नहीं बुझ सकती। अगर पानी को तेल से उत्पन्न आग पर पानी का छिड़काव किया जाए तो तेल पानी के ऊपर तैरेगा और जलता रहेगा। यह बहुत खतरनाक हो सकता है क्योंकि पानी बहुत आसानी से बह सकता है और परिणामस्वरूप आग का विस्तार भी होगा। .

Word Meaning: Dangerous–perilous = खतरनाक, Spreading-To spread = फैलना।

13. Water should ……………. electrical fire.
बिजली के यंत्रों से लगी आग पर नहीं डालना चाहिए। पानी का छिडकाव करने वाले व्यक्ति को बिजली का झटका लग सकता है और उसकी मौत हो सकती है। विद्युत से लगी आग को बुझाने के लिए कार्बन डाइआक्साइड अग्निशामक का प्रयोग उपयुक्त रहेगा।

Word Meaning: Appliances-electrical equipment = बिजली के यंत्र,Electric shock-electric current = बिजली का झटका, Extinguisher-Aid for putting off fire = अग्निशामक, Electrical fire-Fire cause by electric current = बिजली से लगी आग।

14. We spend ……….. everyday life.
हम हर वर्ष आग को बुझाने में लाखों रुपए खर्च करते हैं। और हम इससे भी अधिक आग को रोकने के लिए और उसके नियंत्रण से बाहर निकलने के लिए खर्च करते हैं। पूर्णतया हमने आग पर नियंत्रण करना और उसको हर रोज की जिन्दगी में अच्छे प्रयोग में लाना सीख लिया है।

Word Meaning: Millions-Ten lakhs = दस लाख, Prevent-To stop = रोकना, Happening– To take place = होना, Control-Command = नियंत्रण।

15. Long ago……………………….. fire risk.
बहुत समय पहले आग बुझाने वाले आदमी नहीं थे। जब आग लगती थी, तो सब लोग आग बुझाने वाले बन जाते थे। लोग मानव श्रृंखला बनाते थे। (वह जरूरत के समय अभी भी ऐसा करते हैं) और पानी की बाल्टी को कुएँ या तालाब से आग की लपटों तक पहुँचाते हैं। अब भवन का निर्माण के लिए नियम हैं जो इस बात का ध्यान रखते हैं कि इमारतों के बीच में आग के खतरे से बचने के लिए जगह छोड़ी जानी चाहिए।

Word Meaning: Fire-man-those who put out fire = आग बुझाने वाला, Human-chain-chain formed by joining hands of men = मानव श्रृंखला, Blaze-flame = आग की लपटें, Laws-rules and regulations = कानून, Construction-To build = निर्माण, Ensure-to make safe = सुनिश्चित करना, Reduce-Lesson = कम।

16. Every new ……………………… out fires.
हर नई विशेषकर सार्वजनिक स्थान पर आग रोकने के सुरक्षित तरीके जरूर अपनाए जाते हैं। विशिष्ट साज-सामान के साथ आग बुझाने वाले कर्मचारियों के समूह को अग्निशमन-दस्ता कहते हैं।

Word Meaning: Especially-particular = विशेषकर, Public-pertaining to people = सार्वजनिक, Ensure-to make safe = सु नक्षित करना, Observance- to examine = निरीक्षण करना, Norms-laws = कानून, Band-group = समूह, Equipment-act of equipping = साज-समान, Firebrigade-A body of men trained for extinguishing fire = आग बुझाने में खतरनाक दीवार को ढहा देते हैं,

17. Fire fighters ………………….. of smoke.
आग बुझाने वाले पूर्ण रूप से निपुण होते हैं। उनके पास बहुत सारी कलाएँ हैं। वह बिजली की संचय आपूर्ति काट देते हैं, पानी का छिडकाव करते हैं और दूसरी चीजों के प्रयोग से आग बुझाते हैं। वे प्राथमिक चिकित्सा में निपुण होते हैं जिससे कि जलने से पीड़ित लोगों को धुएँ के प्रभाव से बचा सकें।

Word Meaning: Trained-Learned = निपुण, Possess-to have = पास में होना, Knock down-fall down = गिराना. First aid-medical treatment given before arrival of doctor = प्राथमिक चिकित्सा।

18. The discovery………………..of control.
आग की खोज और उसके प्रयोग ने आदि मानव को प्रकृति के साथ सुचारू रूप से जूझना और धीरे-धीरे स्थायी जीवन अपनाने के लिए तैयार किया। विश्व के कई भागों में आग की पूजा की जाती है। आग वास्तव में दोस्त है पर, जैसा कि हम जानते हैं, कि यह खतरनाक दुश्मन हो सकती हो जब यह नियंत्रण से बाहर हो जाए।

Word Meaning: Discover-to find = खोज, Gradually-slowly = धीरे-धीरे, Adopt-follow = अपनाना, Settled-to establish = स्थायी, Mode-way = तरीका, Control-check = नियंत्रण।

Fire: Friend and Foe Summary in English

Early man discovered fire by watching lightning and volcanoes. To him fire was powerful and dangerous. With time man learnt that fire is result of chemical reaction. Three things are needed to make fire fuel, oxygen and heat. Every fuel needs a minimum temperature to catch fire. Fire is both a good servant and a bad master. It can be both constructive as well as destructive. Similarly there are three main ways by which firecan be put off.

We can put off fire by taking away the fuel, stopping supply of oxygen and removing the heat. Water should not be used as a means of putting off fire in case of oil fire and fire caught due to electrical appliances. Millions of rupees are spent each year in fighting fire. Fire brigades ensure that fires can be prevented and laws about building construction are followed strictly. Fire is thus a necessary friend if kept under control.

Fire: Friend and Foe Summary in Hindi

आदि मानव ने आग की खोज प्रदीप्ति और ज्वालामुखी को देखकर की। उसके लिए आग शक्तिशाली और खतरनाक थी। समय के साथ आदमी ने सीखा कि आग रासायनिक प्रतिक्रिया का परिणाम है। आग उत्पन्न करने के लिए तीन चीजों की आवश्यकता होती है- ईंधन, आक्सीजन और ऊष्मा। प्रत्येक ईंधन को आग पकड़ने के लिए न्यूनतम ताप की आवश्यकता होती है। आग एक अच्छा सेवक पर बुरा मालिक साबित होती है। यह दोनों निर्माणकारी और विनाशकारी हो सकती है। इसी प्रकार तीन तरीके हैं जिससे आग को बुझा सकते हैं। हम ईंधन को हटा कर, ऑक्सीजन की आपूर्ति रोककर तथा उष्मा को हटा कर आग को बुझा सकते हैं। तेल से उत्पन्न आग और बिजली के यन्त्र से लगी आग को पानी से नहीं बुझाना चाहिए। आग से जूझने के लिए लाखों रुपए हर वर्ष खर्च किए जा रहे हैं। आग बुझाने वाली गाड़ियाँ (अग्निशमन दस्ते) यह सुनिश्चित करते हैं कि आग को रोका जा सकता है, और भवन निर्माण के नियमों का सुचारू रूप से पालन किया जाए। आग एक जरूरी दोस्त है अगर नियंत्रण में रखी जाए।

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 8 Devotional Paths to the Divine Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 8 Devotional Paths to the Divine

HBSE 7th Class History Devotional Paths to the Divine Textbook Questions and Answers

LET’S RECALL

Devotional Paths to the Divine Class 7 Questions And Answers HBSE Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:

Devotional Paths to the Divine Class 7 Notes HBSE Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. Shankara was an advocate of …………… .
2. Ramanuja was influenced by the …………… .
3. ……………. , ………….. and ……………. were advocates of Virashaivism.
4. …………. was an imkrtant centre of the Bhakti tradition in Maharashtra.

Answer:

1. Advaita
2. Alvars
3. Basavanna, Allama Prabhu, Akkamahadevi.
4. Pandharpur.

Chapter 8 Devotional Paths to the Divine HBSE Question 3.
Describe the beliefs and practices of Nath Panthis, Siddhas and Yogis.
Answer:
(a) Nathpanthis, Siddhas and Yogis advocated renunciation of the world
(b) They believed that the path to salyation lay in meditation on the formless Ultimate Reality and the realisation of oneness with it.
(c) To achieve salvation, they advocated intense trading of the mind and body through practices like Yogasanas, breathing exercises and meditation.
(d) They did not believe in rituals and conventional religion.

Devotional Paths to the Divine Question Answer HBSE Class 7 Question 4.
What were the major ideas expressed by Kabir? How did he express these?
Answer:
I. Ideas of Kabir:
(i) Kabir’s teachings were based on a complete, indeed vehement, rejection of the major religious traditions.
(ii) His teachings openly ridiculed all forms of external worship of both Brahmanical Hinduism and Islam the pre-eminence of the priestly classes and the caste system.
(iii) Kabir believed in a formless Supreme God and preached that the only path to salvation was through bhakti or devotion.

II. How did Kabir express his ideas:
Kabir expressed his ideas through poetry and bhajans. The languages of his poetry was a form of spoken Hindi widely understood by ordinary people. He also sometimes used cryptic languages, which is difficult to follow.

We get to know of his ideas from a vast collection of verses called sakhis and pads said to have been composed by him and sung by wondering bhajan singers. Some of these were later collected and preserved in the Guru Granth Sahib, Panch Vani’and Bijak.

LET′S UNDERSTAND

Class 7th History Chapter 8 HBSE Question 5.
What were the major belief and practices of sufis?
Answer:
(i) The sufis often rejected the elaborate rituals and codes of behaviour demanded by Muslim religion scholars.
(ii) They sought union with God much as a lover seeks his beloved with a disregard for the world.
(iii) Like the saint poets, the sufis to composed poems expressing their feelings, and a rich literature in prose, including anecdotes and fables, developed around them.
(iv) The sufis too believed that the heart can be trained to look at the world in a different way. They developed elaborate methods of training using Zikr (chanting of a name or sacred formula), contemplation, sama (singing), rags (dancing), discussion of parables, breath control, etc. under the guidance of a master or pir.
(v) Thus emerged the silsilas, a genealogy of Sufi teachers, each following a slightly different method (tariqa) oi instruction of ritual practice.

Class 7th Devotional Paths to the Divine HBSE Question 6.
Why do you think many teachers rejected prevalent religious beliefs and practices?
Answer:
Many teachers rejected prevalent religious beliefs and practices because these were based on social differences, excess ritalism and outward display piety.

Question 7.
What were the major teachings of Guru Nanak?
Answer:
(i) Guru Nanak emphasised the importance of the worship of one God.
(ii) He insisted that caste, creed or gender was irrelevant for attaining liberation. His idea of liberation was baaed on the pursuit of active life with a strong sense of social commitment.
(iii) He used the terms nam, dan and isnan for the essence of his teaching, which actually meant right worship, welfare of others and purity of conduct.
(iv) He gave importance to right-belief and worship, honest living and helping others.
(v) Guru Nanak, thus, promoted the idea of equality.

LETS DISCUSS

Question 8.
For either the Virashaivas or the sants of Maharashtra, discuss their attitude towards caste.
Answer:
The attitude of Virashaivas or the sants of Maharashtra towards caste was as follows:
(a) They had a humanistic attitude.
(b) They believed in the equality of all human beings.
(c) They were against Brahmanical ideas about caste and the treatment of women.

• They believed that Bhakti means sharing other pains.
• They wished society where people could live in harmony without any feelings of high and low, rich and poor.

Question 9.
Why do you think ordinary people preserved the memory of Mirabai?
Answer:
Ordinary people preserved the memory of Mirabai because:
(i) Though she was a Rajput princess married intq the royal family of Mewar. But she had no interest of ‘worldly affairs.
(ii) She was devoted to Krishna and composed innumerable bhajans expressing her intense devotion.
(iii) Her devotion to her deity was supreme. She lived a simple life with ordinary people.
(iv) Her songs also openly challenged the norms of the ‘upper’ caste and became popular with the masses in Rajasthan and Gujarat.

LET’S DO

Question 10.
Find out whether in your neighbourhood these are any dargahs, gurudwaras or temples associated with saints of the bhakti tradition in your neighbourhood. Visit any one of these and describe what you see and hear?
Answer:
Yes, these are many dargah, gurudwara or temple associated with saints of bhakti tradition in our neighbourhood. I have visited all these religious places from time to time along with my mother or father or elder brother. I have seen that people go there with devotion and they after prayer and hear preaching of religious people with great devotion.

Question 11.
For any of the saint-poets where compositions have been included in this chapter, find out more about their works, noting down other poems. Find out whether these are sung, how they are sung, and what the poet wrote about?
Answer:
We have read about many bhakti saint and sufi saint in this chapter. I have heard about Kabir, Baba Guru Nanak, Mirabai, Goswami Tulsidas and Surdas. Their religious works poems, bhajans are read out and sung at religious place and by bhakt singers and poets. I have heard devotional song on radio and television. I have also read certain books related with above reffered saint poet.

Question 12.
There are Several saint poets whose names have been mentioned but their works have not been included in the chapter. Find out more about the language in which they were composed, whether their composition were sung and what their composition were about.
Answer:
(i) All Marathi saint such as Janeshwar, Namdev, Eknath an Tukaram had sung in Marathi.
(ii) Narsi Mehta had written and sung in Gujarati,
(iii) Tulsidas – Awadhi (Hindi)
(iv) Surdas – Brij Bhasha (Hindi)
(v) Mirabai – Rajasthani
(vi) Kabir – Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, other languages.
(vii) Guru Nanak – Hindi, Punjabi

HBSE 7th Class History Devotional Paths to the Divine Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What was the idea advocated in the Bhagavadgita?
Answer:
The idea that was advocated in Bhagvadgita was that of a Supreme God who could deliver humans from such bondage if approached with devotion.

Question 2.
What was Sangam literature?
Answer:
Sangam literature was the earliest example of Tamil literature, composed during the early centuries of the common Era.

Question 3.
What is Advaita?
Answer:
Advaita is the doctrine of the oneness of the individual soul and the supreme God which is the Ultimate Reality.

Question 4.
Who were Chokhamela?
Answer:
Chokhamela was the family who belonged to the ‘untouchable’ Mahar caste.

Question 5.
What was monotheism?
Answer:
Monotheism refers to submission to one God.

Question 6.
What was ‘Shariat’?
Answer:
‘Shariat’ was a holy lav/ developed by Muslim scholars.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What were the ideas of Nayanars and Alvars for a new kind of Bhakti?
Answer:
The Nayanar and Alvars had the following ideas of Bhakti:
(A) They were sharply critical of the Buddhists and Jainas and preached love of Shiva or Vishnu.
(B) They drew upon the ideals of love and heroism as found in the Sangam literature and blended them with the values of bhakti.
(C) They went from place to place composing exquisite poems in praise of the deities enshrined in the villages they visited, and set them to music.

Question 2.
What were the developments in Bhakti movements^ between the tenth and twelfth centuries?
Or
How were links between Bhakti tradition and temple worship strengthened?
Answer:
(A) The Chola and Pandya kings built elaborate temples around many of the shrines visited by the saints- poets, strengthening the links between the bhakti tradition and temple worship.
(B) Their poems were compiled during this time.
(C) Religious biographies of the Alvars and Nayanars were composed.

Question 3.
What were the ideas and teachings of Shankara?
Answer:
The ideas and teachings of Shankara were as follows:
(A) He was an advocate of Advaita.
(B) He taught that Brahman, the only or Ultimate Reality, was formless and without any attributes.
(C) He considered world around us to be an illusion or maya.
(D) He preached renunciation of the world and adoption of path of the knowledge to understand the true nature of Brahman and attain salvation.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What did the saints of Maharashtra do?
Answer:
(a) All saints of Maharashtra rejected all forms of ritualism outward display of piety and social differences based on birth.
(b) They even rejected the idea of renunciation and preferred to live with their families.
(c) They earned their livelihood like any other person, while humbly serving fellow human beings in need.
(d) They insisted that Bhakti lay in sharing others pain.

Question 2.
What is the uniqueness of the Bhakti saints?
Answer:
(i) The unique feature of most of the Bhakti saints is that their works were composed in regional languages and could be sung.
(ii) They became immensely popular and were handed down orally from generation to generation.
(iii) Usually, the poorest and women transmitted these songs, often during their own experience.

Map Time

Question 1.
On the political map of India, mark the state to which the following saints belong to:
(i) Guru Nanak
(ii) Dadu
(iii) Mirabai
(iv) Narsi Mehta
(v) Eknath
(vi) Namdev
(vii) Shankradeva
(vii) Chaitnyadeva
(ix) Kabir
(x) Ramananda
(xi) Raídas
(xii) Vallabhacharya
(xiii) TuJsidas
(xiv) Purand radas
(xv) Nammalvar
Answer:

Devotional Paths to the Divine Class 7 HBSE Notes

• Koran: The holy book of the Muslims.
• Idol Worship: The image worship of God and Goddess.
• Kayamat: The day of Judgement before the God.
• Ramjan: Month of fasting.
• Haj: Pilgrimage to Mecca.
• Sufi: The luslim devotees who emphasized the personal devotion of man to God through lov^..
• Pirs: Religious teachers of the sufis.
• Dohas: Couplets which Kabir composed and taught to his followers.
• Adi-Granth: The religious book of Sikhism.
• Bhakti: Trust in God.
• Tawakkul: Single minded devotion to one God.
• Murids: The disciples are called murids in Sufi system.

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 7 Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 7 Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities

HBSE 7th Class History Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Textbook Questions and Answers

IMAGINE

Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities Class 7 Questions And Answers HBSE Question 1.
You are a member of a nomadic community that shifts residence every three months. How would this change your life?
Answer:
Shifting residence every three months would change our style of living frequently.

• We would have to shift our belongings every now and then and we would not hatfe any settled life.
• We would not be able to practise any settled occupation.

LETS RECALL

Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities Class 7 Notes HBSE Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:

Chapter 7 Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities HBSE Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:
(a) The new castes emerging with in varnas were called ………….. .
(b) ……….. were historical works written by the Ahom.
(c) The ……….. mentions that Garha Katanga had 70,000 villages.
(d) As tribal states became bigger and stronger, they gave land grants to ………… and ………….. .
Answer:
(a) jatis
(b) Buranjis
(c) Akbamama
(d) temples, Brahmanas.

Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities Question Answer HBSE Question 3.
State whether true or false:
(а) Tribal societies had rich oral traditions.
(b) There were no tribal communities in the north-western part of the subcontinent.
(c) The Chaurasi in Gond states contained several cities.
(d) The Bhils lived in the north-eastern part of sub continent.
Answer:
(a) True
(b) Flase
(c) Flase
(d) Flase.

LETS UNDERSTAND

Class 7th History Chapter 7 HBSE Question 4.
What kinds of exchanges took place between nomadic pastoralists and settled agriculturists?
Answer:
The nojnadic pastoralists exchanged wool, ghee, etc. with settled agriculturists for grain, cloth, utensils and other products.

Class 7th Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities HBSE Question 5.
How was the administration of Ahom state organised?
Answer:
The following were the ways in which the administration of Ahom state was organised.
(a) The Ahom state depended upon forced labour. Those forced to work for the state were called paiks.
(b) A census of the population was taken. Each village had to send a number of paiks by rotation.
(c) People from heavily populated areas . were shifted to less populated areas.
(d) Ahom clans were thus broken up.
(e) By the first-half of the seventeenth century, the administration became quite centralised.
(f) Almost all adult males severed in the army during war.
(g) Ahom society was divided into clans or Khels.

Question 6.
What changes took place in Varna-based society?
Answer:
The following changes took place in uama-based society:
(i) Smaller castes or Jatis emerged within varnas.
(ii) Many tribes and social groups were taken into caste-based society and given status of jatis.
(iii) Specialised artisans. such as smiths, carpenters and masons were also recognised as separate jatis by the Brahmanas.
(iv) Jatis rather than varna became the basis for organising society.
(v) Among the Kshatriyas, new Rajput clans became powerful by the eleventh and twelth centuries.

Question 7.
How did tribal societies change after being organised into a state?
Answer:
The emergence of large states changed the nature of tribal society.
(A) The Gond Society:
(i) The basically equal society of Gond gradually got divided into unequal social classes.
(ii) Brahmanas received land grants from the Gond rajas and became more influential.
(iii) The Gond chiefs now wished to be recognised as Rajputs.

(B) The Ahom Society:
(i) Ahom society became very sophisticated.
(ii) Poets and scholars were given land grants.
(iii) Theatre was Encouraged.
(iv) Important works of Sanskrit were translated into local language.
(v) Historical works, known as banjaras were also written first in the Ahom language and then in Assamese.

LET’S DISCUSS

Question 8.
Were the banjaras important for the economy?
Answer:
The banjaras were the important for the economy. They were the most important trader-nomads.
(i) Sultan Alauddin Khilji used the banjaras to transport grain to the city markets.
(ii) Banjaras carried grain on their bullocks from different areas and sold it in towns.
(iii) Banjaras transported food grain for the Mughal towns. They transported food grain for the Mughal army during military campaigns.

Question 9.
In what ways was the history of the Gonds different from that of the Ahoms? Were there any similarities?
Answer:
History of Gonds was different from Ahom in the following ways:

LET’S DO

Question 10.
Plot the location of the tribes mentioned in this chapter on a map. For any two, discuss whether their mode of livelihood was suited to the geography and environment of the area where they lived.
Answer:

(A) Tribe of Bhils: The large tribe of Bhils was spread across western and central India. Many of them because settled agriculturists and some even zamindars. They remained hunter gatherers.
(B) Kolis, Beards lived in Maharashtra highlands and Karnataka.

Question 11.
Find out about present day government policies towards tribal populations and organise a discussion about thdse.
Answer:
(i) Government has reserved some seats in State Assemblies and in Lok Sabha.
(ii) Some seats have been reserved in state and central government jobs.
(iii) Some economic and educational facilities are provided to tribal population.
(iv) Economic, agricultural and industrial development is being provided them for quick growth and development.
(v) Their culture, religion, customs are not being disturbed. In short very good and progressive policies are being followed towards tribal population.

Question 12.
Find out more about present day nomadic pastoral groups in the subcontinent. What animals do they keep? Which are the areas frequented by the groups?
Answer:
(i) There are several present day nomadic pastoral groups in the subcontinent. They keep sheep, goat, cows, camels, horses, etc. Many tribals obtained their livelihood from forests, agriculture, hunting and gathering also.

(ii) Most often they combined their economic activities to make full use of the natural resources of the area in which they lived.

(iii) Some tribes are still nomadic and move from one place to another.

(iv) A tribal nomadic group controlled land and pastures jointly and divide these amongst households according to its own rules.

(v) Usually they are living in different forests, hills, deserts and places difficult to reach the sub-continent.

(vi) The Nagas are living in Nagalands. The Ahoms are still living in Assam. The Cheros are living in Jharkhand. The Mundas and Samtals are living in Orissa, Bengal, Bihar and Jharkhand. Kolis are living in Maharashtra highlands and Karnataka. The Banjaras are living in Rajasthan. The Gonds are living in a vast forest region still called Gondwana.

HBSE 7th Class History Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Name a Himalayan tribe.
Answer:
The Himalayan shepherd tribe is Gaddi.

Question 2.
Tribes of which areas adopted Islam as their religion.
Ans.
Many tribes of Punjab, Sind and the North-West Frontier adopted Islam as their religion.

Question 3.
What was the name of the son of Rani Durgawati?
Answer:
The name of the son of Rani Durgawati was Bir Narain.

Question 4.
Which Mughal general attacked Garh Katanga?
Answer:
Asaf Khan attacked Garba Katanga.

Question 5.
Which Mughal general attacked Ahoms?
Answer:
Mir Jumla attacked Ahoms.

Question 6.
Which Gond king assumed title of Sangram Shah?
Answer:
Aman Das, the Gond raja of Garha Katanga assumed the title of Sangram Shah.

Question 7.
How was Ahom society divided?
Answer:
Ahom society was divided into clans or khels.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How is shifting cultivation practiced?
Answer:
Trees and bushes in a forest area are first cut and burnt. The crop is sown in the ashes. When this land loses its fertility an other plot of land is cleared and planted in the same way.

Question 2.
How can you say that Garh Katanga is a rich estate?
Answer:
Garha Katanga was rich estate. It earned much wealth by trapping and exporting wild elephants to other kingdoms. When the Mughals defeated the Gonds, they captured a huge booty of precious coins and elephants. They annexed part of the kingdom and granted the rest of Chandra Shah.

Question 3.
Who were paiks? To which region did they belong to?
Answer:
The Ahom state depended upon forced labour. Those forced to work for the state are called paiks.

Question 4.
Ahom State was very sophisticated. Explain.
Answer:
Ahom society was very sophisticated. Poets and scholars were given land grants. Theatre was encouraged. Important works of Sanskrit were translated into local language.

Question 5.
How was the rule, under Durgawati Rani?
Answer:
Dalpat died early. Rani Durgawati was very capable and started ruling on behalf of her five year old son, Bir Narain. Under her, the kingdom becaihe even more extensive. In 1565, the Mughal forces under Asaf Khan attacked Garha Katanga. A strong resistance was put up by Durgawati. She was defeated and preferred to die rather than surrender.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Give an account of the life style of tribal people.
Answer:
(a) Members of tribal groups were united by friendship or kingship bonds.
(b) Many tribes obtained their livelihood from agriculture. Others were hunter gatherers or herderers.
(c) Most often they combined these activities to make full use of the natural resources in the area they lived.
(d) A tribal group controlled land and pastures jointly and divided these amongst household according to its own rules.

Question 2.
Illustrate the tribal rule of present-day Bihar and Jharkhand.
Answer:
In many areas of present-day Bihar and Jharkhand, Chero chiefdoms had emerged by the 12th century. Raja Man
Singh, Akbar’s famous general attacked and defeated the Cheros in 1591.
The Hundas and Santals were among the other important tribes that lived in this region and also in Orissa and Bengal.

Question 3.
Write a short note on Banjaras.
Answer:
(a) The Banjaras were the most important trade nomads.
(b) They moved through caravans called tandas.
(c) They were used by Sultan Alauddin Khilji to transport grains to the city market.
(d) Banjaras carried grains on their bullocks from different areas and sold it in towns.
(e) They transported it for the Mughal Army during Military campaign.

Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Class 7 HBSE Notes

• Pastoralism: The system which is related with the care and domestication of grazing animals.
• Polygamous: Practising system of having many wives.
• Nomads: Wanderer members of those group of people are called nomads who move from place to place in search of food items.
• Assimilation: To become adjusted.
• Aristocracy: Government run by nobles are known as aristocracy.
• Itinerant groups: Wandering tribes are known as itinerant groups.
• Swayamvara: Women were allowed to choose the husband df their own choice.
• Jauhar: Practice of mass sacrifice by women to save their honour and chastity.
• Adivasi: The primitive people living a particular area are called adivasis.
• The Gonds are the largest tribe in Central India.
• Gondawana: The region of-central India is known as Gondavana due to the concentration of the Gonds in that area.

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 1 Three Questions Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 1 Three Questions

HBSE 7th Class English Three Questions Textbook Questions and Answers

Comprehension Check

Three Questions 7th Class Question Answer Question 1.
Why did the king want to know answers to three questions?
Answer:
The king wanted to know answers to the three questions so that he would never fail.

Three Questions HBSE 7th Class Question Answer Question 2.
Messengers were sent throughout the kingdom
(i) to fetch wise men.
(ii) to find answers to the questions.
(iii) to look for the wise hermit.
(iv) to announce a reward for those who could answer the questions.
Mark your choice.
Answer:
(ii) to find answers to the questions.

Comprehension Check

Complete the following sentences by adding the appropriate parts of the sentences given in the box.
1. Many wise men answered the king’s questions,
2. Someone suggested that there should be a council of wise men
3. Someone else suggested that the king should have a timetable
4. The king requested the hermit
5. The lung washed and dressed the bearded man’s wound

• but the bleeding would not stop.
• to answer three questions.
• but their answers were so varied that the king was not satisfied.
• and follow it strictly.
• lo help the king act at the right time.

Answer:
1. but their answers were so varied that the king was not satisfied
2. to help the king act at the right time
3. and follow it strictly
4. to answer three questions
5. but the bleeding would not stop.

Working with The Text

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Why was the king advised to go the magicians?
Answer:
King was advised to go to magicians so that he could decided the right time for right thing.

Question 2.
In answer to the second question whose advice did the people say would be important to the king?
Answer:
To answer the second question the advice of councillors, doctors and priests would be important.

Question 3.
What suggestions were made in answer to the third question?
Answer:
Different suggestions were made in answer to the third question. The most important thing was suggested to be science, fighting and religious worship.

Question 4.
Did the wise men win the reward? If not, why?
Answer:
No, the wise men did not win the reward. The wise men did not win the award because they gave different answer to his questions.

Question 5.
How did the king and the hermit help the wounded man?
Answer:
The wounded man was bleeding heavily from hisstomach.The king and the hermit removed the man’s clothing. The king washed the wound and re-dressed it till the blood stopped flowing.

Question 6.
(a) Who was the bearded naan?
Answer:
The bearded man was the enemy of the king.

(b) Why did he ask for the king’s forgiveness?
Answer:
He had sworn revenge on the king. But the king had saved the life of the bearded man. So he asked for the king’s forgiveness.

Question 7.
The king forgave the bearded man. What did he do to show his forgiveness?
Answer:
The king forgave the bearded man. He was happy to have made peace with the man. To show his forgiveness, the king promised to send his servants and doctor to look after him. He also promised to return his property.

Question 8.
What were the hermit’s answers to the three questions? Write each answer separately. Which answer do you like most, and why?
Answer:
The hermit was a wise man. He answered all the questions in a witty manner. To the first question hermit replied that the most important time was when the king was digging the bed. A little later the most important time was when the king was taking care of the hermit.

For the second question hermit replied that he should listen to the person he was with at the particular moment. The hermit, replied that the most important work to do was to do good to the person, you are with.
The third answer is the most important answer. If we do the person good then our time would be also right to begin.

HBSE 7th Class English Three Questions Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What thought come to the kings mind?
Answer:
The king thought that he would never fail if he knew about three things.

Question 2.
What did king do to get answers to the questions?
Answer:
The king sent messengers throughout his kingdom and promised a large sum of money to anyone who answered.

Question 3.
How would making of the timetable help the king?
Answer:
The king could follow the timetable strictly and do everything at the right time.

Question 4.
How could urgent matters be decided by the king?
Answer:
The urgent things could not be decided by the council. The king had to go to the magicians to look into future.

Question 5.
Which people would most be needed to answer the second question?
Answer:
The people most needed were councillors, priest, doctors and soldiers.

Question 6.
Why did the king go to hermit?
Answer:
The king went to the hermit for the advice as he had got no satisfactory answers of questions.

Question 7.
Why did the king put on simple clothes?
Answer:
The king put on simple clothes because he went to see the hermit. The hermit saw no one but simple people.

Question 8.
How did the hermit react on meeting the king?
Answer:
Hermit greeted the king but continued digging. He did not speak.

Question 9.
How did king take care of the fearded man?
Answer:
King redressed the wound of the bearded man. The king carried the fearded man to the bed and gave him fresh water.

Question 10.
What was the cause of enmity of the bearded man with the king?
Answer:
The king had put his brothers to death and seized his property.

Question 11.
What plan had bearded man made to kill the king?
Answer:
The bearded man had seen the king go alone to see the hermit. lie had planned to kill the king on his way back home.

Question 12.
What was the most important time according to the hermit?
Answer:
The hermit found that the most important time was when the king was digging the beds.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What were the three things that the king was curious to know?
Answer:
The king was curious to know three things. He wanted to know the right time to begin something, which people should he listen to and what is most important thing to do.

Question 2.
What were the different suggestions given by the countrymen to the king?
Answer:
The countrymen wanted that he should avoid foolish pleasures, lie should do what seemed necessary. King could take advice of the council of men.

Question 3.
How did the king react to the suggestions of the countrymen?
Answer:
The king was not satisfied with the countrymen’s answers as the answers were very different. He decided to seek the advice of a certain hermit. The hermit was known for wisdom.

Question 4.
Describe the first meeting of the king with the hermit.
Answer:
The king went to meet the hermit in ordinary clothes. The king went to him alone. The hermit greeted the king and continued digging. The hermit listened to the three questions of the king. He did not speak.

Question 5.
How did the king behave with bearded man?
Answer:
The king behaved very gently with the bearded man. The king re-dressed the wound until bleeding stopped. The king carried the wounded man into the hut. The king also promised to send his servants and doctor to look after him.

Question 6.
Why did hermit think that the most important time was when the man ran to them?
Answer:
When the bearded man ran towards them it was the most important time. It was so because if king had not dressed his wounds, the man would have died. Then king would not have been able to make peace.

Question 7.
Who is the most wise person in the story? Justify.
Answer:
Hermit is the most wise person in the story. He was able to satisfy the king with his explanation. The king understood that most important time was ‘now’. It was the time when one had power to act.

Some Other Questions For Examination

Question 1.
Why did the king send messengers throughout his kingdom?
Answer:
The king sent messengers throughout his kingdom to spread the inessage that a large sum of money would be given to the person who would answer the king’s questions.

Question 2.
What do you know about the hermit from the story?
Answer:
The hermit lived in a wood which he never left. lie was a very wise hermit. He was kind and helpful. He helped the injured man in trouble. He satisfied the king with his answers. His answers related to the practical situations in life.

Question 3.
Why is it necessary to look into the future?
Answer:
Certain things are very urgent. They cannot wait for the council’s decision. Therefore, it is necessary to look into the future to decide the right time.

Question 4.
What made the bearded man turn lrom the king’s enemy to his friend?
Answer:
The bearded man had come to’ take revenge from the king and wanted to kill the king. However, the king’s guard had wounded him. He came running towards the hermit’s hut. The king and the hermit washed his wound and helped the injured man to recover from the injury. He was overwhelmed with king’s generosity. So he asked forgiveness from the king and became his friend.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

Tick (✓) the correct option.

Question 1.
Which of the following statements is wrong?
(a) The king wanted answers to four questions.
(b) Many wisemen came to the king.
(c) The king promised a large sum of money to anyone who would answer his questions.
(d) Some suggested that the king should notice all that was going on, avoid foolish pleasures always do whatever seemed neessary at that time.
Answer:
(a) The king wanted answers to four questions. ✓

Question 2.
Which word means-‘a group of people chosen to give advice or to make rules’?
(a) Councillor
(b) Council
(c) Loods
(d) Affairs
Answer:
(b) Council ✓

Question 3.
What does the word ‘affairs’ mean?
(a) things
(b) matters
(c) business
(d) either of these
Answer:
(d) either of these ✓

Question 4.
When the king came near the hermit’s hut,
(a) the hermit was sleeping.
(b) the hermit was digging the ground in front of his hut.
(c) the hermit was meditating.
(d) the hermit was punishing a man.
Answer:
(b) the hermit was digging the ground in front of his hut. ✓

Question 5.
Who said this to whom? “Let me take the spade and work in your place.”
(а) The hermit said this to the king.
(b) The king said this to the hermit.
(c) The bearded man said this to the king.
(d) The councillor said this to the king.
Answer:
(b) The king said this to the hermit. ✓

Make Sentences

Use the following words in sentences of your own.
(i) tired
(ii) decision
(iii) wounded
(iv) important
Answer:
Sentences:
(i) Tired: After day’s hard work, the tired labourer had his simple meal.
(ii) Decision: I took a decision that I will go abroad for further studies.
(iii) Wounded: The doctor healed the wounded man by applying antiseptic cream.
(iv) Important: Management of time and money is most important in every business.

Three Questions Passages for Comprehension

Read the passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Passage – 1

The king ………….. these questions.
Questions:
(i) Name the lesson.
(ii) Why were the messengers sent throughout his kingdom?
(iii) I Tow many questions were to he answered?
(iv) What was promised to be given
Answers:
(i) The name of the lesson is ‘Three Questions’.
(ii) The messengers were sent to find answer to the questions.
(iii) Three questions were to the answered.
(iv) A large sum of money was promised to be given.

Passage – 2

These things ………….. the future.
Questions:
(i) What does ‘these things’ refer to?
(iij Who formed the council?
(iii) How could one look into future?
(iv) Give the antonym of the word future?
Answers:
(i) These things refer to urgent matters.
(ii) The wise men formed the council.
(iii) One could look into the future with help of magicians
(iv) Future – Past.

Passage – 3

As the …………… his wisdom.
Questions:
(i) Why was the king not satisfied?
(ii) Choose a word which means same as ‘gift’.
(iii) What did king decide to do?
(iv) What was the hermit known for?
Answers:
(i) King got very different answers to all the questions.
(ii) Reward.
(Hi) The king decided to seek advice of a hermit.
(iv) Hermit was widely famous for his wisdom.

Passage – 4

As the king ………….. breathed heavily.
Questions:
(i) Why did the king go to the hermit?
(ii) What was the hermit doing?
(iii) Name two characteristics of the hermit.
(iv) Write the opposite of‘continued’.
Answers:
(i) The king went to the hermit to get the answers to his questions.
(ii) The hermit was digging the ground in front of his hut.
(iii) The hermit was old and weak.
(iv) Stopped.

Passage – 5

The king ………………. the ground.
Questions:
(i) Whom did the king see on turning?
(ii) What was the reason of flowing of blood?
(iii) How did the king help the bearded man?
(iv) Choose word which means unconscious.
Answers:
(i) On turning the king saw a bearded man running towards them.
(ii) The bearded man had been attacked by the king’s bodyguards.
(iii) The king dressed the wound of the bearded man.
(iv) Fainted.

Three Questions Translation in Hindi

Before you read:
Aking has ……………………… what he wants?
एक राजा के पास तीन प्रश्न हैं और वह उनके जवाब ढूँढ रहा है। ये प्रश्न क्या हैं? क्या राजा को वह मिलता है जो वह चाहता है?

I

1. The thought …………………….. him todo?
किसी राजा के मन में यह विचार आया कि वह कभी असफल नहीं होगा अगर वह तीन बातें जानता। यह तीन बातें थीं, कुछ भी आरंभ करने का सही समय क्या है? किन लोगों को वह सुन? उसके लिए करने के लिए सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण चीज क्या है?

Word Meaning: Thought-idea = विचार, Certain-anyperson = कोई, Fail-unsuccessful = असफल होना, Begin-to start = आरंभ, Importantsignificant = महत्वपूर्ण।

2. The king………………….these questions.
राजा ने, इसलिए पूरे राज्य में संदेशवाहक इस आश्वासन से भेजे कि जो इन प्रश्नों का जवाब देगा उसे बहुत बड़ी नराशि दी जायेगी।

Word Meaning: Therefore-80 = इसलिए, Throughout-everyplace = हर जगह, Kingdomroyal state = साम्राज्या

3. Many wise………….. ………… differently.
कई बुद्धिमान व्यक्ति राजा के पास आए. पर उन सबने प्रश्नों का उत्तर भिन्न प्रकार से दिया।

Word Meaning: Wise-learned = 16 r. Differently-inadifferent manner = भिन्न प्रकार से।

4. In reply ………………………… something.
पहले प्रश्न के जवाब में कुछ ने कहा कि राजा को समय-सारणी बनाकर दृढ़ता से उसका अनुकरण करना चाहिए। सिर्फ इसी तरह, उन्होंने कहा कि वह हर चीज उचित समय पर कर सकता है। दूसरों ने कहा कि पहले से कुछ करने के उचित | समय का निर्णय करना असंभव था।

Word Meaning:
Reply-answer = 294, Prepare-tomake = बनाना, Time table-table of distribution of work and periods = समय-सारणी, Follow-togo or come after = अनुकरण करना, Strictly-rigid = दृढ़ता से, Impossible-not possible = असंभव. Advance-to supply before hand = पेशगी, अग्रिम

5. The king ……………………… proper time.
राजा को जो सब हो रहा है उस पर ध्यान देना (चाहिए। मूर्खता से भरपूर खुशियों को टालना (चाहिए) और हमेशा वही करना चाहिए जो उस समय पर महत्त्वपूर्ण लगे। फिर भी दूसरों ने कहा कि राजा को बुद्धिमान की एक परिषद की जरूरत है जो काम को सही समय पर करने में सहायक होंगे।

Word Meaning: Notice-to observe = ध्यान देना, Avoid-to escape = टालना, Pleasureshappiness = खुशियाँ, Necessary-important = महत्त्वपूर्ण, Council-advisory = परिषद, WiseVearned = बुद्धिमान।

6. This was ……………………. every action.
यह इसलिए था क्योंकि एक आदमी बिना दूसरों की सहायता के और हर कार्य को सही समय पर करने का निर्णय नहीं ले पाएगा।

Word Meaning: Imposible-not possible = असंभव, Decide-to make a decision = निर्णय लेना, Action-performance = कार्य।

7. But then ……………………… the council.
पर तब दूसरों ने कहा कि कुछ ऐसी बातें थीं जो बहुत जरूरी हो सकती थीं। ये बातें परिषद के फैसले का इंतजार नहीं कर सकती थीं।

Word Meaning: Urgent-very necessary = बहुत जरूरी, Decision-judgment = पेसला. Couneil advisory = परिषद।

8. In order ………………………lo magicians.
सही समय पर कुछ करने का फैसला करने से पहले भविष्य के बारे में सोचना बहुत जरूरी है। और जादूगर ही यह कर सकते हैं। राजा को इसलिए जादूगरों के पास जाना पड़ेगा।

Word Meaning: Decide-to take u decision = फैसला लेना। Future-time to come = भविष्य काल, Magicians-Wizard = जादूगर, Therefore-80 = इसलिए।

9. In their ………………….. most necessary.
उसके (राजा के) दूसरे प्रश्न के जवाब में कुछ ने कहा कि राजा के लिए सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण लोग उसके सलाहकार हैं। दूसरों ने कहा, पुजारी। कुछ ने डाक्टर का चयन किया। और फिर दूसरों ने कहा कि सिपाही सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण हैं।

Word Meaning: Councillors-members of the council = सलाहकार, Priest-man performing holy rites = पुजारी, Soldiers-Warriors = सिपाही।

10. To the ………………. religious worship.
तीसरे प्रश्न के जवाब में कुछ ने कहा विज्ञान। दूसरों ने युद्ध का चयन किया, और तथापि दूसरों ने धार्मिक पूजा (का चयन किया)।

Word Meaning: Fightiny-lo set to fight = युद्ध करना. Yel-Still = तथापि, Religious-relating to religion = धार्मिक, Worship-topray = पूजा।

11.As the…………………………. his wisdom.
जैसा कि सारे प्रश्नों के उत्तर बहुत भिन्न थे. इसलिए राजा संतुष्ट न हुआ और उसने काई इनाम नहीं दिया। बदले में उसन किसी तपस्वी की सलाह मांगन की साची जा अपनी बुद्धिमत्ता के लिए प्रसिद्ध था।

Word Meaning: Different-not same = अलग, Satisfied-content = संतुष्ट, Reward-Tetribution = पारितोषिक, Instead-in place of = बदले में, Seek-to ask for = माँगना, llermit-a recluse = तपस्वी. Famous-twell-known = प्रसिद्ध, Wisdom-knowledge = बुद्धिमानी।

12. The hermit…………………….. on alone.
तपस्वी एक जंगल में रहता था जिसे उसने कभी नहीं छोड़ा था। वह सिर्फ साधारण लोगों के अलावा किसी को नहीं देखता था इसलिए राजा ने साधारण कपड़े पहन लिए। तपस्वी की कुटिया में पहुँचने से पहले राजा अपना घोड़ा अपने अंगरक्षक के पास छोड़कर अकेला चला गया।

Word Meaning: Wood-forest = जंगल, Simple-ordinary = साधारण, Hut-cottage= कुटिया, Bodyguard-one who were king’s soldiers = अंगरक्षक।

13.As the ………………… breathed heavily.
जैसे ही राजा तपस्वी की कुटिया के पास आया, उसने तपस्वी को कुटिया के बाहर भूमि को खोदतं पाया। उसने राजा का अभिवादन किया और लगातार खोदता रहा। तपस्वी बूढ़ा और कमजोर था। और काम करते समय वह मुश्किल से सांस ले पा रहा था।

Word Meaning: Digging-lo hollow out by digging = खोदाई. Ground the surface of land = भूमि, Greeted to compliment = अभिवादन करना, Continued-not stop = लगातार, Breathed heavily-to breathe with difficulty = मुश्किल से सांस लेना।

14. The king …………….. most important?
राजा तपस्वी के पास गया और कहा, “बुद्धिमान तपस्वी में तुम्हारे पास तीन प्रश्नों के जवाब पूछने आया हूँ: मैं सही समय पर सही चीज करना कैसे सीख सकता हूँ? वह कौन से लोग हैं जिनकी मुझे बहुत जरूरत है? और कौन से कार्य सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण हैं?”

Word Meaning: Affairs-twork = कार्य।

15. The hermit ………………… your place.”
तपस्वी ने राजा की बात को ध्यान से सुना पर कुछ भी नहीं बोला. वह खोदता रहा। “तुम थक गए हो”. राजा ने कहा। “मुझे तुम्हारा फावड़ा लेकर तुम्हारी जगह पर काम करने दो”।

Word Meaning: Listened-to hear with attention = ध्यान से सुनना, Tired- wearry = थका हुआ, Spade-a shovel= फावड़ा।

16. “Thanks,” said …………….. the ground.
“धन्यवाद”, तपस्वी ने राजा को फावड़ा देते हुए कहा। फिर वह भूमि पर बैठ गया।

17. When the …….. ……… me work.”
जब राजा ने दो क्यारियाँ खोद ली तो उसने रुककर अपने प्रश्न दुहराए। तपस्वी ने कोई जवाब नहीं दिया, पर खड़े होकर अपना हाथ फावड़े के लिए फैलाते हुए कहा, अब “तुम आराम करो और मुझे काम करने दो।”

Word Meaning: Dug-to hollow out by digging = खोदना, Bed-aplot of ground for plants = पौधों की क्यारी, Repeated-to say again – दुहराना, Stretching-to extenil = फैलाते हुए।

18. But the ……. to dig.
पर राजा ने उसे फावड़ा नहीं दिया और खोदता रहा।

19.One hour ……………….. returm home.”
एक घंटा व्यतीत हुआ, और फिर दूसरा। सूर्य पेड़ों के पीछे छिप गया, और आखिर में राजा नं फावड़े को भूमि में रखा (पटका) और कहा, “बुद्धिमान व्यक्ति मैं तुम्हारे पास अपने प्रश्नों के जवाब के लिए आया हूँ। अगर तुम मुझे कोई उत्तर नहीं दे सकते, तो मुझे बता दो और मैं वापिस चला जाऊँगा।”

Word Meaning: Stuck-to fasten = खाँसना, Sun went down-setting of sun = सूर्यास्त हो गया।

20. “Here comes ……………….. the hermit.
“यहाँ पर कोई दौड़ता आ रहा है।”, तपस्वी ने कहा।

II

21.The king ……………………. his stomach.
राजा मुड़ा और उसने एक ढाढ़ी वाले व्यक्ति को उनकी तरफ दौड़ते हुए आते देखा। उसने अपने पेट को हाथों से दबाया हुआ था जिसमें से खून बह रहा था। जब वह राजा के पास पहुँचा तो वह बेहोश होकर भूमि पर गिर गया। राजा और तपस्वी ने उस व्यक्ति के कपड़े उतारे और उसके पेट में बहुत बड़ा जख्म पाया।

Word Meaning: Turned round-to turn on one side = पीछे मुड़कर देखना, Bearded-hair on face = दाढ़ीवाला, Towards-in their direction = उनकी तरफ, Blood was flowing-oozing out of blood – खून का बहना, fainted-unconscious = मूर्छित, बेहोश Wound-sore = जख्म।

22. The king …………………………… to him.
राजा ने जख्म को धोकर अपने रूमाल से ढक दिया। खून बहना रुक नहीं रहा था। राजा ने फिर दुबारा से जख्म की मरहम-पट्टी की जब तक कि खून बहना बंद नहीं हुआ। (अब) उस व्यक्ति ने राहत महसूस की और कुछ पीने को माँगा। राजा ने ताजा पानी लाकर उसे दिया।.

Word Meaning: Handkerchief-a small piece of cloth = रूमाल, Flowing-torun as = बहाव, Re-dressed to again re-dress the twound = दुबारा से मरहम-पट्टी करना। Fresh-new = ताजा।

23. By this ………… lay quiet. इस समय तक सूरज अस्त हो गया और हवा शीतल थी। राजा तपस्वी की सहायता से जख्मी व्यक्ति को कुटिया में ले गया और उसे पलंग पर लिटाया। वह
व्यक्ति आँखें बंद करके चुपचाप लेट गया।

Word Meaning: Cool-moderately cold = शीतल, Wounded-one who had been hurt badly = जख्मी, Laid him-put down = लिटाना, Quietsilently = चुपचापा

24. The king……………………… was awake.
राजा चलने और काम करने से थक गया था। वह फर्श पर __ लेट गया और पूरी रात सोया रहा। जागने के कुछ मिनट के बाद
उसे याद आया कि वह कहाँ था और पलंग पर लेटा हुआ दाढ़ीवाला – अजीब व्यक्ति कौन था। “मुझे माफ कर दो!” दाढ़ीवाले व्यक्ति ‘ने दबी आवाज में कहा, जब उसने देखा कि राजा जाग चुका था।

Word Meaning: Tired overworked = थका हुआ, Awoke-towake up = जागना. Remembertry to bring to memory = याद करना, Strangeindifferent = अजीब। Forgive me-to ask for excuse = माफी मांगना, Weak-Peeble = दबी हुई. Awake-toget up from sleep = जागना।

25. “Ido ……………………. the king.
“मैं तुम्हें नहीं जानता और तुम्हें किसलिए माफ करूं”, राजा ने कहा।

26. “You do.. ………… way home.
“तुम मुझे नहीं जानते, पर मैं तुम्हें जानता हूँ। मैं तुम्हारा वह दुश्मन हूँ जिसने तुम से बदला लेने की कसम खाई थी क्योंकि तुमने मेरे भाई को मौत के घाट उतारा था और मेरी संपत्ति हथिया
ली थी। मुझे मालूम था कि तुम उस तपस्वी से अकेले मिलने गए थे और मैंने रास्ते में तुम्हें घर जाते हुए मारने का निश्चय कर लिया था।

Word Meaning: Enemy-hostile = शशु. Swore-to take a vow = 14. Revenge-to retaliate = बदला लेना, Seized to take away forcefully = छीन लेना. Property-ownership = संपत्ति जायदाद।

27. But the …………………….. my wounds.
पर दिन गुजर गया और तुम वापिस नहीं आए। इसलिए मैंने अपना छुपने का स्थान छोड़ा और तुम्हारे अंगरक्षक से टकरा गया, उसने मुझे पहचान लिया और मुझे जख्मी कर दिया। मैं वहाँ से भाग गया पर अगर तुम मेरे जख्मों की पट्टी नहीं करते तो मैं मर जाता।

Word Meaning: Hiding-place-a place where you can hide = छिपने का स्थान, Recognisedto identify = पहचानना, Escaped-toget free = भाग जाना, Dressed my wounds-to take care of one’s wounds = मरहम-पट्टी करना।

28. I wished ……………………. Forgive me!”
मुझे तुम्हें मारने की इच्छा थी और तुमने मेरी जिन्दगी बचाई है। अब अगर मैं जीवित रहूँगा तो मैं तुम्हारा आज्ञाकारी नौकर बन कर सेवा करूंगा और अपने बेटों को भी ऐसा करने को कहूँगा। मुझे माफ कर दो।”

Word Meaning: Wished–an eager desire = इच्छा, Faith-honest = आज्ञाकारी, Forgive meask for excuse = माफी माँगना।

29. The king …………………… his questions.
राजा बहुत खुश हुआ कि उसने अपने दुश्मन के साथ इतनी जल्दी शांति कायम कर ली और उसे दोस्त की तरह जीत लिया था। उसने न तो केवल उसे माफ किया अपितु कहा कि वह अपने नौकरों और डाक्टर को उसकी देखरेख के लिए भेज देगा और उसने उस व्यक्ति को उसकी जायदाद वापस करने का वचन दिया। जख्मी व्यक्ति को छोड़कर राजा झोपड़ी से बाहर निकला और तपस्वी को चारों तरफ ढूँढने लगा। जाने से पहले उसने अपने प्रश्नों के उत्तर जानने की इच्छा प्रकट की।

Word Meaning: Peace-cordial relations = शांति, Forgave-to excuse= माफ करना। Wished-to hope for = इच्छा ।

30. The hermit………………… wise man.
तपस्वी अपने घुटनों के सहारे क्यारी में बीज बो रहा था जो कि एक दिन पहले खोदी गई थी। राजा ने तपस्वी के पास जाकर कहा, “आखिरी बार मैं तुम्हें अपने प्रश्नों के जवाब के लिए विनती करता हूँ”. बुद्धिमान पुरूष।

Word Meaning: On his knees-in a bent position = घुटने झुकाकर, Sowing seeds-to put seeds for growth = बीज बोना।

31. “You have……………………. before him. “How have I been answered? What do you mean?”
“तुम्हें पहले ही जवाब मिल चुका है।” तपस्वी ने धरती पर झुकी अवस्था में कहा और राजा जो उसके सामने खड़ा था उसकी तरफ देखा।
“मुझे कैसे जवाब मिल गया? तुम्हारा क्या आशय है?”

Word Meaning: Bending-In a bent position = झुका हुआ, Looking up-to look straight = सीधे देखना।

32. “Do you………………………….. with me.
“क्या तुम नहीं देख रहे? तपस्वी ने जवाब दिया। “अगर कल ‘तुम मेरी दुर्बलता पर तरस नहीं खौते और उन क्यारियों को नहीं खोदते तो तुम वहाँ से चले जाते। तब वह व्यक्ति तुम पर आक्रमण कर देता। और तुम इस बात की कामना करते कि तुम मेरे साथ होते।

Word Meaning: Pitied-feeling of compassion = करुणा, दयालुता Weaknessfeebleness = दुर्बलता, Attacked-to assail = आक्रमण करना, Wished-desire = इच्छा।

33. So the ……………. important business.
इसलिए सबसे महत्वपूर्ण समय वह था जब तुम क्यारी खोद रहे थे। और मैं सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण व्यक्ति था, और मेरे साथ अच्छा करना तुम्हारा सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण कार्य था।

Word Meaning: Business-Job = कार्य।

34. Afterwards ……… important business.
बाद में जब वह व्यक्ति हमारी तरफ दौड़ा. सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण समय वह था जब तुम उसकी देख रेख कर रहे थे। अगर तुम उसके जख्मों की मरहम-पट्टी न करते तो वह तुम्हारे साथ शान्ति का समझौता किए बिना मर जाता। इसलिए वह सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण व्यक्ति था और जो तुमने उसके लिए किया वह सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण कार्य था।

Word Meaning: Afterwards-later = बाद में, Caring-show concern= देख-रेख, Peacesettlement= समझौता।

35. Remember then ………………….. to act.
याद रखो कि सिर्फ एक ही समय है जिसका महत्त्व है और वह है ‘अब’। यह सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण समय है क्योंकि यह वह समय है जिस पर हमारे पास अमल करने की शक्ति है।

Word Meaning: Remember….keeping in mind = याद रखना. Power to act-will power to put the work to action = कुछ करने की शक्ति ।

36. The most ………………. purpose alone.”
सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण वह व्यक्ति है जिसके साथ तुम इस पल हो, क्योंकि कोई नहीं जानता कि भविष्य में क्या होगा और हम किससे मिल पाएँगे। सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण कार्य उस व्यक्ति के साथ अच्छा करना है क्योंकि हमे इस दुनिया में सिर्फ इसी उद्देश्य से भेजा गया है।”

Word Meaning: Particular-special = विशेष, Future-time to come = भविष्य में Whether-if = अगर, Purpose-reason = उद्देश्य।

Three Questions Summary in English

I
Once there was a king who thought that he would never fail if he knew three things. These three things were what is the right time to begin something? Which people should he listen to? What is the most important thing for him to do? The king sent messengers throughout his kingdom but could not get answers. Many different suggestions were given in reply to the first question. The king was suggested to make a timetable. Others said that there were some urgent things which could only be decided by the magicians. To the second question, it was s uggested that the king needed priests, doctors and soldiers. In reply to third question, some suggested science, lighting and religious worship.

The king found the answers very different so he decided to go to a hermit. The hermit was digging the ground. The king put all the three questions before the hermit. The hermit listened silently. The king took the spade from the hermit to dig.

II
At the close of the day, the king saw a bearded man with his hand pressed against his stomach running towards them. The king and hermit redressed his wound. They both carried the bearded man into the hut. On waking up the bearded man asked for king’s forgiveness. He confessed the truth and told the king that he had wished to kill him. The king was happy to have made peace with his enemy.

The king again went to the hermit to find answers to the questions. The hermit made him understand the answers. The most important time (yesterday) was when he (king) was digging the beds. He (hermit) was the most important man. After that most important time was when he (king) was caring for him (bearded man). So ‘now’ is the most important time and most important person is you are with at particular moment. To do the person good is the most important business.

Three Questions Summary in Hindi

I
किसी समय एक राजा था जो सोचता था कि वह कभी असफल नहीं होगा यदि वह तीन बातें जानता। यह तीन चीजें इस प्रकार थीं- कुछ भी आरंभ करने का सही समय क्या था? वह किन लोगों को सुने? उसके लिए सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण चीज करने को क्या थी? राजा ने सारे राज्य में सन्देशवाहक भेजे पर जवाब नहीं मिले। पहले प्रश्न के जवाब में कई अलग-अलग सुझाव दिए गए। राजा को समय-सारणी बनाने का सुझाव दिया गया। दूसरों ने कहा कि कुछ महत्त्वपूर्ण चीजें थी जिनका निर्णय सिर्फ जादूगर कर सकते थे। दूसरे प्रश्न के जवाब में सुझाव दिया गया कि राजा को पुजारी, डॉक्टर और सिपाहियों की जरूरत थी। तीसरे प्रश्न के जवाब में कुछ ने सुझाव दिया कि विज्ञान, युद्ध और धार्मिक पूजा। राजा को उत्तर बहुत भिन्न लगे। इसलिए उसने एक तपस्वी के पास जाने की सोची। तपस्वी भूमि खोद रहा था। राजा ने तपस्वी के समक्ष तीनों प्रश्न रखे। तपस्वी चुपचाप सुनने लगा। राजा ने तपस्वी से फावड़ा लेकर खोदना शुरू कर दिया।

II
दिन के आखिरी पहर में राजा ने दाढ़ीवाले व्यक्ति को अपनी तरफ दौड़ते देखा। उसने अपने पेट को हाथ से दबाया हुआ था। राजा और तपस्वी ने उसके जख्म की मरहम पट्टी की। उसको दोनों कुटिया में ले गए। उठने पर दाढ़ी वाले व्यक्ति ने राजा से माफी माँगी। उसने सच्चाई कबूल की और राजा के समक्ष उन्हें मारने की इच्छा प्रकट की। राजा अपने दुश्मन के साथ शांति कायम करने पर बहुत प्रसन्न हुआ। राजा तपस्वी के पास पुनः प्रश्नों के उत्तर पूछने गया। तपस्वी ने उसे जवाब समझाए। सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण समय कल वह था जब वह (राजा) भूमि खोद रहा था। वह (तपस्वी) सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण व्यक्ति था तथा उसके बाद सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण समय वह था जब वह (राजा) उसकी (व्यक्ति) देख-भाल कर रहा था। ‘अब’ सबसे महत्वपूर्ण समय है। सबसे महत्वपूर्ण व्यक्ति वह है जो इस समय तुम्हारे साथ है। सबके के साथ अच्छा व्यवहार करना सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण कार्य है।

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire

HBSE 7th Class History The Mughal Empire Textbook Questions and Answers

LET’S RECALL

The Mughal Empire Class 7 Questions And Answers HBSE History Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:

The Mughal Empire Question Answer HBSE 7th Class History Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:
(a) The capital of Mirza Hakim, Akbar’s half-brother, was …………………. .
(b) The five Deccan Sultanate were Berar, Khandesh, Ahmednagar ……………. and ……….. .
(c) If zat determined a mansabdar’s rank and salary, sewar indicated his ………….. .
(d) Abul Fazal, Akbar’s friend and counseller, helped him frame the idea of ……………. so that he could govern a society composed for many religions, çultures and castes.
Answer:
(a) Kabul
(b) Bijapur, Golconda
(c) Number of horses maintained
(d) Administration.

Important Questions Of The Mughal Empire HBSE 7th Class History Question 3.
What were the central provinces under the control of Mughals?
Answer:
Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh were the central provinces under the control of Mughals.

HBSE 7th Class The Mughal Empire History Question 4.
What was the relationship between the mansabdar and the Jagir?
Answer:
• Mansabdars were the persons who joined the Mughal service.
• Jagirs were the salaries received by the mansabdar as revenue assignments.
• Mansabdars depended on jagirs for their livelihood.
• Mansabdar died not actually reside in or administer their jagir. They had only right to the revenue of their assignments which were collected by the servants while they serve in other part of the country.

LETS UNDERSTAND

Question 5.
What was the role of Zamindars in Mughal administration?
Answer:

• Zamindars were all intermediaries whether they were local headmen of villages or a powerful chieftains.
• They collected taxes from peasants and deposited them with the treasury.
• Sometimes, they revolted against Mughal authority. Their revolts changed the stability of the Mughal empire from the end of the 17th century.

Question 6.
How were the debates with the religious scholars iiiiportant in the formation of Akbar’s ideas on government?
Answer:
The debates with the religious scholars were important in the formation of Akbar’s ideas on government:

• Their teachings created divisions and disharmony amongst the subjects.
• Akbar followed the idea of Sulh-i-Kul (Universal peace and tranquility).
• This idea did not discriminate between people of various castes and focused on a system of ethics such as peace, justice and honesty.
• Abul Fazal helped him in forming a vision governance around the idea of Sulh-i-Kul.

Question 7.
Why did the Mughal underline their Timurid and not their Mughal descent?
Answer:
Mughal underlined their Timurid and not their Mughal descent because:
(а) They were proud of their Timurid ancestry who had captured Delhi in 1398.
(b) They celebrated their genealogy pictorially each ruler getting a picture mode of Timur and himself.
(c) Genghis knows memory was associated with the massacre of innumerable people. So Mughals did not like to be called Mughal.

LETS DISCUSS

Question 8.
How important was the income from land revenue to the stability of the Mughal Empire?
Answer:
The income from land revenue was important to the stability of the Mughal Empire because:
(a) The land revenue system before Akbar was lawful.
(b) The land revenue was important because with this the king could pay the salary of his soldiers, do welfare work.
(c) The land revenue was important to meet the administrative expenses.

Question 9.
Why was it important for Mughal to reAjmit Mansabdars from diverse bac/kgf^und and not just Turains and Iranis?
Answer:
It -was important for Mughal to recruit Mansabdars from diverse background and not just ,Turanis and Iranis because:
(i) Mughal empire expanded to encompass different regions. It was- important for the Mughals to recruit diverse bodies of people in order to make people comfortable with them.
(ii) They included Indian, Muslims, Afghans, Rajputs, Marathas and other groups.

Question 10.
Like the Mughal Empire, India today is also made up of many social and cultural units. Does this pose a challenge to national integration?
Answer:
No the cultural and social diversity of India today does not pose a challenge to national integration because today we have a democratic, republic government appointed by the common people of the land through elections.

Question 11.
Peasants were vital for the economy of the Mughal Empire. Do you think that they are as important today? Has the gap in the income between the rich and the poor in India changed a great deal from the period of the Mughals?
Answer:
Yes, they are also important for today’s economy.
Yes, the gap in the income between the rich and poor in India changed a great deal from the period of great Mughals.

LET’S DO

Question 12.
The Mughal Empire left its impact on the different regions of the subcontinent in a variety of ways. Find out if it had any impact in the city/ village region in which you live.
Answer:
The impact of the message ‘Sulh- i-kul’ (universal peace), we can still find in the cities/village/region arounds.

Question 13.
Do you think this painting suggests that the Mughals claimed kingship as a birthright?
Answer:
As this painting portraits the hierarchy of the Mughal emperors right from Timur to Aurangzeb, it depicts that the Mughals claimed kingship as a birthright.

Question 14.
(i) How was Humanyun’s relationship with Safavid Iran different from Akbar’s?
Answer:
(a) Humayun took refuge in the court of Safavid Iran when he was dogged out of the subcontinent by Sher Shah Suri. Therefore, he had friendly relations with Iran.
(b) On the other hand, Akbar seized Qandahar from Safavid Iranian rulers. Therfore, he was at war with them.

(ii) Did the annexation of Golconda and Bijapur in Aurangzeb’s reign end hostilities in the Deccan?
Answer:
No, in the spite of the annexation of Golconda and Bijapur, Aurangzeb faced unending disturbance in Deccan as Marathas started guerrilla warfare against him. Ultimately, he had to personally manage campaigns in Deccan from 1698 onwards.

Question 15.
Which do you think is a fairer division of inheritance: primogeniture or coparcenary?
Answer:
According to me, coparcenary is the fairer division of inheritance as it is based on the principle of equality.

Question 16.
(i) What was the consequence of this insult (of Shivaji by Aurangzeb)?
Answer:
When Aurangzeb insulted Shivaji, when later came to accept Mughal authority, Shivaji escaped from prison and began great guerrilla warfare in Deccan against Mughals.

(ii) Would this have meant more expenditure for the state?
Answer:
Yes, the increase in number of mansabdar with higher zat rankings would have led to more expenditure for the State.

Question 17.
Can you identify the Jesuit priests in this picture?
Answer:
Two persons sitting on the upper left side in the picture wearing black robes are the Jesuit priests.

HBSE 7th Class History The Mughal Empire Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who were Mughals?
Answer:
Mughals were the inhabitants of Central Asia and descendants of Mongols of Mongolia.

Question 2.
Why did Akbar choose Fatehpur Sikri to be his capital?
Answer:
Akbar chose Fatehpur Sikri to be his capital because this was where the Sufi Saint Salim Chishti lived and he had great respect for him.

Question 3.
Who offered to help Babur against the Lodhis?
Answer:
Rajput Prince Rana Sanga of Mewar offered to help Babur against Lodhis.

Question 4.
When and where Babar – defeated Lodhis army?
Answer:
Babar defeated the Lodhis army in 1526 on the historic battle of Panipat.

Question 5.
What were the two early problems faced by Humayun?
Answer:
(i) His own brother were hostile to him.
(ii) He faced the rebellions in Malwa and; Gujarat in the very beginning.

Question 6.
Why Shahjahan’s period is known as Golden Age?
Answer:
Shahjahan’s period is often known, as Golden Age because of the buildings and the architectural activities.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Give two instances of the Mughal marriages with the Rajputs.
Answer:
(a) The mother of Jahangir was a Kachhwaha princess, daughter of the Rajput ruler, of Amber (Modern day Jaipur).
(b) The mother of Shahjahan was a Rathore princess, daughter of the Rajput ruler of Marwar (Jodhpur).

Question 2.
How could Mughals extend their influence over many kings and chieftains? Was this possible all the time?
Answer:
Mughals could extend their influence over many kings and chieftains by keeping a careful balance between defeating but not humiliating their opponents.

Question 3.
What were the main features of Sulh-i-kul?
Answer:
(a) The idea of Sulh-i-kul was introduced by Akbar, the Great.
(b) Sulh-i-kul meant universal peace.
(c) Sulh-i-kul was based on the idea of tolerance which did not differentiate between the people of different religions in Akbar’s realm.
(d) This system focused on a system of ethics, justice which were universally applicable.

Question 4.
What did Akbar realise when he had discussion with people of different faiths?
Answer:
On his discussion, with different faiths, Akbar realised that religious scholars: who emphasised ritual and dogma were often bigots. Their teachings created divisions and disharmony amongst his subjects.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who was Akbar’s revenue minister? Comment on the revenue system introduced by him.
Answer:
Akbar’s revenue rriinister was Todar Mai. The main feajAibesof the revenue system introduced by him were as follows:
(a) Todar Mai carried out a careful survey
(b) Tax was fixed on each crop in cash.
(c) Each province was divided into revenue circles with its own schedule of revenue; rates for individual crops.
(d) This revenue system was known as zabt.
(e) This system was prevalent in those areas where Mughal administrators could survey the land and keep careful accounts.
(f) This system was not possible in provinces such as Gujarat and Bengal.

Question 2.
Write about the main administrative policies of Akbar.
Answer:
The third-volume of Akbarnama Ain-i-Akbari contains a detailed account of Akbar’s administration. The main features were:
(a) The empire was divided into provinces called subas: governed by a subedar
who carried out both political and military functions.
(b) Each province also had a financial officer or diwan.
(c) The subedar was supported by other officers such as the military paymaster, the minister in change of religious and charitable patronage, military commander and the town police commander.
(d) Akbar gave utmost importance to the idea of tolerance.
Ce) After his discussion with people like Ulama, Brahmanas and priests etc., he decided to introduce idea of Sulh-i-kul, universal peace.

MAP TIME

On the given river map, mark the following areas of military campaigns under Akbar and Aurangzed.
(i) Malwa (1561)
(ii) Gujarat (1572)
(iii) Bengal (1574)
(iv) Bijapur (1685)
Answer:

The Mughal Empire Class 7 HBSE Notes

• Genealogy: History of generations of one’s family in sequence.
• Confederacy: A group of state (or a union of state) for mutual support.,
• Regent: A person appointed to govern on the behalf of the samrat (king).
• Jazia: A tax paid by the non-Muslims.
• Zabt: Each province during Mughals was divided into revenue circles with its own schedule of revenue rates for individual crops. This revenue system was called as Zabt.
• Suba: The empire was divided into provinces. These provinces were called subas.
• Subedar: Subedar was the person who carried both political and military functions.
• Diwan: The financial officer of a suba was called as Diwan.
• Sulh-i-kul: Literally Sulh-i-Kul means universal peace. It is the idea of tolerance where there is no discrimination between people of different religions in the realm of Akbar.
• Primogeniture: It is a rule of inheritance in which the eldest son is the heir to the throne of his emperor father.
• Bigot: Bigot is an individual who is intolerant of another person’s religious belief or
• Dogma: It is a statement or an interpretation declared as authoritative with the expectation that it would be followed without question.

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Human Environment: Settlement, Transport and Communication Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Human Environment: Settlement, Transport and Communication

HBSE 7th Class Geography Human Environment: Settlement, Transport and Communication Textbook Questions and Answers

Class 7 Geography Chapter 7 HBSE Question 1.
Answer the following Questions:
(а) What are the four means of transport?
Answer:
The four means of transport are :

• Roadways
• Railways
• Waterways
• Airways

(b) What do you understand by the term ‘settlement’?
Answer:
Settlements are places where people build their homes.

(c) Which are the activities practised by human people?
Answer:
The activities practised by the rural people are farming, fishing, forestry, trading and craftswork.

(d) Mention two merits of railways.
Answer:
Two merits of railways are:

• The railways carry heavy goods and people over long distances quickly.
• The railway fare is less compared to waterways and airways.

(e) What is mass media?
Answer:
Mass media is the medium of communicating to large number of people like print media, radio and television.

Question 2.
Tick (√) of the correct answer:
(i) Which is not a mean of communication?
(a) Telephone
(b) Books
(c) Table
Answer:
(c) Table

(ii) Which type of road is constructed under the ground?
(а) Flyover
(b) Express ways
(c) Subways
Answer:
(c) Subways

(iii) Which mode of transport is most suitable to reach an island?
(a) ship
(b) train
(c) car
Answer:
(a) ship

(iv) Which vehicle does not pollute the environment?
(a) cycle
(b) bus
(c) aeroplane
Answer:
(a) cycle

Question 3.
Match the following :

Answer:
(i) (c)
(ii) (c)
(iii) (a)
(iv) (b).

Question 4.
Give Reasons:
(a) Today’s world is a shrinking.
Answer:
World is shrinking today because of the various modes of communication which are provided by worldwide information and interaction.

Question 5.
For Fun :
Mention which mode of communi-cation you will prefer most in the following situations.
(a) Your grandfather has suddenly fallen ill. How will you inform the doctor?
(b) Your mother wants to sell the old house. How will she spread this news?
(c) You are going to attend the marriage of your cousin for which you will be absent from the schools for the next days. How will you inform the teacher?
(d) Your friend has moved out with his/her family to New York. How will you keep in touch on a daily base?
Answer:
(a) Telephone
(b) Newspaper
(c) Letter/Application
(d) Telephone/Internet.

HBSE 7th Class Geography Human Environment: Settlement, Transport and Communication Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is wet point settlement?
Answer:
The settlement growing around water is known as wet point settlement.

Question 2.
Name the cheapest means of transport.
Answer:
The cheapest means of transport is waterways.

Question 3.
What is temporary settle-ment?
Answer:
Settlement which are occupied for a short time are called temporary settlement.

Question 4.
Which means of transport is free from physical barrier?
Answer:
Air transport is free from physical barrier.

Question 5.
Which transport system is suitable for light and perishable articles?
Answer:
Road transport system is suitable for light and perishable articles.

Question 6.
Which are the types of human settlement?
Answer:
Rural and urban settlements are two kinds of human settlement.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are temporary settlements? Who dwell in these settlements and what are their main occupations?
Answer:

• Settlements which are occupied for a short time are called temporary settlements.
• The people living in deep forests, hot and cold deserts and mountains often dwell in such temporary settlements.
• Their main occupations are hunting, gathering, shiftsing cultivation and transhumance.

Question 2.
Name the various animals used for transport in different parts of the world. .
Answer:

• In India, donkeys, mules, bullocks and camesl are used.
• In the Andes mountains of South America, Llamas are used.
• In Tibet, yaks are used.

Question 3.
Write four important features of airways.
Answer:

• Airways is the fastest means of transport.
• It is the most expensive due to high cost of fuel.
• It can reach even the most remote and distant areas, especially where there are no roads and railways.
• Helicopters are extremely useful in most inaccessible areas and in times of calamities for rescuing people and for distributing food, water, clothes and medicines.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Distinguish between transport and communication.
Answer:

Question 2.
Distinguish between National Highways and State Highways.
Answer:

Human Environment: Settlement, Transport and Communication Class 7 HBSE Notes

• Site : The place where a building or a settlement develops.
• Settlements : Places where people build their homes.
• Transport: The means by which people and goods move are called transport.
• Subways : Roads built underground.
• Communication : The process of conveying messages to others.
• Mass Media : The means through which we can communicate with large number of people.
• Metalled Roads : Pucca roads that can be used in all the weather.
• Unmetalled Roads : Kuchcha roads which are out of work during extreme weather.

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 3 The Delhi Sultans Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 3 The Delhi Sultans

HBSE 7th Class History The Delhi Sultans Years Textbook Questions and Answers

LET’S RECALL

The Delhi Sultans Class 7 Questions And Answers HBSE History Question 1.
Which ruler first established his or her capital at Delhi?
Answer:
Tomara Rajputs established his capital at Delhi.

The Delhi Sultans Question Answer HBSE 7th Class History Question 2.
What was the language of administration under the Delhi Sultans?
Answer:
The language of administration under the Delhi Sultans was Persian.

Important Questions Of Delhi Sultanate HBSE 7th Class History Question 3.
In whose reign did the sultanate reach its farthest extent?
Answer:
Under the reign of Ala-ud-din-Khilji, the sultanate reached its farthest extent.

HBSE 7th Class The Delhi Sultans History Question 4.
From which country did Ibn Batuta travel to India?
Answer:
Ibn Batuta travelled to India from Morocco (Africa).

LET’S UNDERSTAND

Question 5.
According to the ‘Circle of Justice’ why was it important for military commander to keep the interest of peasantry in mind?
Answer:
According to the Circle of Justice it was important for military commander to keep the interest of peasantry in mind, because each commander got the salary from the Iqta he got. They could not collect more revenue than the fixed by the govt. Accountant were appointed by the state to check the amount of revenue collected by them (rhuqtis).

Question 6.
What is meant by the ‘Internal’ and external frontier of the Sultanate?
Answer:
Internal Frontier of the Sultanate: By this term we mean that the Sultanate aimed at consolidating the hinterland of the garrison town.
External Frontier of the Sultanate: It aims at the military expeditions of the Sultanate in Southern India started during the reign of Ala-ud-din Khilji and culminated with Muhammad Tughlaq.

Question 7.
What were the steps taken to ensure that muqtis performed their duties? Why do you think they may have wanted to defy the orders to sultans?
Answer:
Following steps were taken to ensure that muqtis performed their duties:
1. They were not awarded Iqta for throughout their life.
2. They were appointed for a very short tenure.
3. They were transferred from one Iqta to another Iqta.

They wanted to defy the order, because there were number of restrictions on them. At any time they could be transfer. Moreover accountants were appointed by the state to check the amount collected by him. Care was also taken that muqtis collected only the taxes prescribed by the state.

Question 8.
What was the impact of Mongols invasion on Delhi Sultanate?
Answer:
The Mongols under the Genghis Khan invaded Transwiana in north-east Iran in 1219 and then on Delhi. Mongols attacks increased on Delhi during the reign of Ala- ud-din Khilji.
Impact:
1. Jt paved the way for the disintegration of Delhi Sultanate.
2. It forced the two rulers (Ala-ud-din Khilji and Muhammad Tughluq) to mobilise a large standing army in Delhi which passed a huge administrative challenge.

LET’S DISCUSS

Question 9.
Do you think the authors of tawarikh would provide information about the lives of ordinary men and women? I do not think.
Answer:
The authors of tawarikh provided information about the lives of ordinary men and women. They often wrote their histories for Sultans in the hope of rich awards. He mainly lived in Delhi and hardly ever visited a village.

Question 10.
Raziyya Sultan was unique in the history of the Delhi Sultanate. Do you think women leaders are accepted more readily today?
Answer:
Yes, today women leaders are accepted more readily today. For example, Indira Gandhi became a successful and lover Prime Minister of India.

Question 11.
Why were the Delhi Sultans interested in cutting down forests? Does deforestation occur for the same reason?
Answer:
The Sultans of Delhi wanted to extend cultivation so that they could collect more land revenue. Hence, they ordered the cutting of forests. Today, forests are cut for the extension of agriculture and establishment of industrial units.

LET’S DO

Question 12.
Find out whether there are any buildings built by the Delhi Sultans in your area. Are there any other buildings in your area that were built between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries? Describe some of these buildings and draw sketches of them.
Answer:
Try yourself with the help of your class-teacher.

Question 13.
Do you think the circle of justice is an appropriate term to describe the relationship between the king and his subjects?
Answer:
Yes, I think the circle of justice is an appropriate term to describe the relationship between the king and his subjects.

Question 14.
Express Minhaj’s ideas in your own words. Do you think Raziyya shared these ideas? Why do you think it was so difficult for a woman to be a ruler?
Answer:
1. According to Minhaj, God has created a social order in which woman is subordinate to man. Therefore, a woman like Raziyya does not have right to rule. It is totally against the ideal social order created by God.
2. I think Raziyya did not share these ideas.
3. It was very difficult for a woman to be a ruler because of her belonging to a subordinate gender, according to the social set up at that time.

Question 15.
But how complete and effective was its control over such a vast territory?
Answer:
Thp Sultanate did not have complete and much effective control over such a vast territory, except under the rule of Alauddin Khalji.

Question 16.
(i) Compare figures 2, 3, 4 and 5. What similarities and differences do you notice amongst the mosques?
Answer:
Similarities:
(a) Every mosque has a big entrance door
(b) Every mosque’s entrance door is extended to both sides in the corridors
(c) Domes are made over the entrance and corridor.

Differences:
(a) The designs around the entrance door become complex and intricate from fig. 2 to fig. 5.
(b) The small window over the entrance door can be seen only in three mosques in figs. 3, 4, 5. But fig. 3 show three such windows. Whereas figs. 4 and 5 shows only single window over the entrance
(c) There is a boundary around the dome over the entrance door in fig. 5. This is not seen in any other figure.

Question 17.
(i) Can you think of any reason why a slave would be better than a son?
Answer:
A well brought up slave always serves better than the son in the old days of master.

(ii) Why do you think Barani criticised the Sultan?
Answer:
The Sultan Muhammad Tughluq appointed lower-caste or base-born people to the higher administrative post by ignoring the nobles. That is why, Barani criticised Sultan.

Question 18.
Describe the ways in which the chieftains arranged for their, defence.
Answer:
(a) The chieftains fortified themselves in mountains, in rocky, uneven and rugged places as well as in bamboo groves.
(b) The bamboo grove forest served as ramparts, inside which people lived with their cattle and their crops
(c) Also rain water was collected to fulfil water needs
(d) The bamboo remained unaffected by fire and was very hard to cut. This made it a suitable and most defensive place to live in.

IMAGINE

Question 19.
You are a peasant in Alauddin Khalji’s or Muhammad Tughluq’s reign and you cannot pay the taxes demanded by the Sultan. What will you do?
Answer:
(a) If I were a peasant in Alauddin Khalji’s reign. I would try to save my life because I might have captured by Sultan’s men and would be severely punished.
(b) If I were a peasant in Muhammad Tughluq’s reign I would join the rebel against the sultan.

HBSE 7th Class History The Delhi Sultans Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who lived in Delhi before Delhi Sulans occupied it?
Answer:
Many rich Jaina merchants lived in the city of Delhi before Delhi Sultans occupied it.

Question 2.
Name the coin that was in circulation in Delhi.
Answer:
Dehliwal was the name of coin that was in the circulation in Delhi.

Question 3.
Name the cities built by Delhi Sultans in Delhi.
Answer:
Delhi-i-Kuhna, Siri and Jahanpanah were the names of various cities built by Delhi Sultans in Delhi.

Question 4.
What is the main source of information about Delhi Sultanate?
Answer:
The main source of information about Delhi Sultanate in “histories” tarikh (singular) or tawarikh (plural) written in Persian.

Question 5.
Who wrote tawarikh?
Answer:
The authors of tawarikh were learned men: Secretaries, administrators, poets and courtiers.

Question 6.
Why did Iltutmish favour bandagan?
Answer:
Bandagan were special slaves purchased for military service. Hence, Iltutmish favoured them.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is meant by the following terms: namaz, imam, khutba, qibla?
Answer:
namaz: prayers; imam: leader of muslims at the time of prayer; khutba: sermon delivered by imam during the Friday prayer; qibla: facing towards Mecca while praying.

Question 2.
What was iqta?
Answer:
Iqta was the land governed by military commanders, as it was granted to them by Sultans in the place of cash salary for their services.

Question 3.
Which regional states came up at about. 1526 AD in Indian subcontinent?
Answer:
At about 1526 AD, Delhi Sultanate had declined. The regional states that rose to the power in thq subcontinent were Jaunpur, Bengal, Malwa, Gujarat’ Rajasthan, etc.

Question 4.
Why did the early Delhi Sultans favoured their special slaves purchased for military service?
Answer:
The early Delhi Sultans favoured their special slaves purchased for military service because:
1. They were carefully trained to man some of the most important political offices in the kingdom.
2. They were totally dependent upon their master, the Sultan could trust and rely upon them.

Question 5.
How was the control over muqtis maintained during the reigns of Alauddin Khilji and Muhammad Tughluq?
Answer:
The control over muqtis was maintained because:
(a) Their office was not inheritable.
(b) They were assigned iqtas for a short period of time before being shifted.

Question 6.
What were the three types of taxes collected under Delhi Sultanate?
Answer:
The three types of taxes collected
under Delhi Sultanate were as follows:
(а) On cultivation called Kharaj and amounting to about 50 percent of the peasant’s produce.
(b) On cattle
(c) On houses.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How did Ala-ud-din Khilji and Muhammad Tughluq deal differently with administrative challenges posed by Mangol attacks on the Delhi Sultanate?
Answer:

Question 2.
Ala-ud-din wanted to became second Alexander and conquer the world. What steps did he take to achieve his aim? How far did he succeed?
Answer:
Khiljis established their empire in 1290 A.D. on the ruins of the kingdom of the Slave Sultans. Jalal-ud-din-Khilji was the first king of this dynasty He was succeeded by Ala-ud-din-Khilji in 1296 A.D. He was very ambitious. He wanted to become a second Alexander and like him to conquer the world.

Steps taken to achieve the aims:
1. Ala-ud-din tried to win loyalty of his nobles and curb their power.
2. He tried to conquer the Deccan and Rajasthan.
3. He tried to force the Mongols to withdraw.

In order to achieve his aim he needed a large army which meant, vast sum of money so, he had to think ways and means of getting more revenue for which he took the following steps:
(1) He raised the lamp taxes on the wealthier people of the tioab.
(2) He kept a strict watch on the revenue which the nobles got from their land and did not allow them to keep anything which was not their due.
(3) He controlled the prices of goods also so that no one could make large profits and everyone could afford to pay the price demanded.
(4) He made it clear that he would deal severely with anyone who showed signs of disloyalty.
(5) He ordered a new assessment of the cultivated land and the revenue. By doing so he was able to record the amount of revenue collected by various persons and thus kept a control on it.

Question 4.
What were the causes of the downfall of Delhi Sultanate?
Answer:
Causes of the downfall of Delhi Sultanate:
1. They were despotic by nature.
2. The Sultans Delhi Sultanate ruled India by sword.
3. The Hindus were not happy during their rule. They were even made to pay Jazia.
4. Most of the Sultans were pleasure-loving and weak rulers.
5. The army was not well-organisd and was ill-disciplined.
6. There was no definite law of succession.

MAP WORK

Question 1.
On an outline map of India show Alauddin Khalji’s campaign into South India.
Answer:

The Delhi Sultans Class 7 HBSE Notes

• Birthright: Privileges claimed on account of birth.
• Gender distinctions: Social and biological differences between women and men.
• Hinterland: The lands adjacent to a city or port that supply it with goods and services.
• Garrison Town: A fortified settlement with soldiers.
• Client: Someone who is under the protection of another, a dependent or hanger on.
• Siydati: A form of salutation in which the person converned had to kneel down and touch the ground with his forehead.
• Ulemas: Scholars of Islamic learning who were generally orthodox in their outlook.
• Iqtas: The grant of revenue from a village or a piece of land.
• Patwari: The officer who kept the land revenue record.
• Paibos: It was a Persian custom of kissing the feet of the Sultan (king).
• Sikandar-i-Sahi: The title adopted by Alla-ud-din Khilji.
• Jagir: A piece of land given to officials of the kingdom.
• Kharaj: The tax on cultivation was known as Kharaj.
• Bandagn: The early Delhi Sultans especially Iltutmish favoured their slaves purchased for military service. These slaves were known as bandagm in Persian.

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Hindi Solutions Vasant Chapter 20 विप्लव गायन Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Hindi Solutions Vasant Chapter 20 विप्लव गायन

HBSE 7th Class Hindi विप्लव गायन Textbook Questions and Answers

कविता से

विप्लव गायन Question and Answer HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 1.
‘कण-कण में है व्याप्त वही स्वर कालकूट फणि की चिंतामणि’
(क) वही स्वर, वह ध्वनि एवं वही तान किसके लिए/किस भाव के लिए प्रयुक्त हुआ है ?
(ख) वही स्वर, वह ध्वनि एवं वही तान से संबंधित भाव का ‘रुद्ध-गीत की क्रुद्ध तान है/निकली मेरी अंतरतर से’- पंक्तियों से क्या कोई संबंध बनता है।
उत्तर :
(क) वही स्वर, वह ध्यानि एवं वही तान क्रांति के भाव के लिए प्रयुक्त है।
(ख) हाँ, इनका आपस में संबंध बनता है। उसकी यह तान उसके हृदय की गहराइयों से निकली है।

विप्लव गायन कविता के प्रश्न उत्तर HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 2.
नीचे दी गई पंक्तियों का भाव स्पष्ट कीजिए-
‘सावधान! मेरी वीणा में दोनों मेरी ऐंठी हैं।’
उत्तर :
कवि सरस्वती के उपासकों का आह्वान करते हुए उनसे एक ऐसा गीत सुनाने का आग्रह करता है जिससे सब जगह उथल-पुथल मच जाए अर्थात् क्रांति आ जाए। उन्होंने अब तक मधुर गीत तो बहुत गा लिए, अब ऐसे गीत की आवश्यकता है जिससे क्रांति की ज्वाला निकले। कवि देश के सभी भागों से विचारों और भावों की लहरें उठने की कामना करता है।

कवि शोषकों और दमन-चक्र चलाने वालों को सावधान करते हुए कहता है कि अब मेरी वीणा (कंठ रूपी वीणा) में स्वतंत्रता की चिनगारियाँ आ बैठी हैं अर्थात् क्रांति के स्वर उभर रहे हैं। अब उससे प्रेम और श्रृंगार के मधुर स्वर नहीं निकलेंगे। अब तो केवल क्रांति के स्वर गूंजेंगे। यदि वीणावादक की उँगलियाँ अकड़ जाएँ अर्थात् ऐंठ जाएँ तो मिजराबें टूट जाती है और तब अपेक्षित स्वर नहीं निकल पाते। कवि की भी यही स्थिति हो गई है। कवि के मन में भी क्रांति के स्वर उभर रहे हैं।

कविता से आगे

1. स्वाधीनता संग्राम के दिनों में अनेक कवियों ने स्वाधीनता को मुखर करनेवाली ओजपूर्ण कविताएँ लिखीं। माखनलाल चतुर्वेदी, मैथिलीशरण गुप्त और सूर्यकांत त्रिपाठी “निराला’ की ऐसी कविताओं की चार-धार पंक्तियाँ इकट्ठा कीजिए जिनमें स्वाधीनता के भाव ओज से मुखर हुए हैं।
उत्तर :
माखनलाल चतुर्वेदी
मुझे तोड़ लेना वनमाली,
उस पथ में देना तम फेंक,
मातृभूमि पर शीश चढ़ाने,
जिस पथ जावें वीर अनेक।
जिनके मस्तक पर मातृभूमि का रस बरसे
जिनकी रग-रग में दूध भरा हो माता का।
सागर की बाँह मिलनोत्सुका प्रचंड बढ़ी
सूरज पूरब काटी का बना विधाता का।
उनकी सत्याग्रह-भरी विजय का बल जानो।
उनकी अजेय अनुराग-शक्ति को पहचानो।

सूर्यकांत त्रिपाठी ‘निराला’
बाधाएँ आएँ तन पर,
देखू तुझे नयन मन भर,
मुझे देख तू सजल दुगों से
अपलक, उर के शतदल पर;
क्लेद-युक्त, अपना तन दूंगा,
मुक्त करूंगा तुझे अटल,
तेरे चरणों पर देकर बलि,
सकल श्रेय-श्रम सचित फल।

HBSE 7th Class Hindi विप्लव गायन Important Questions and Answers

अति लघुत्तरात्मक प्रश्न

विप्लव गायन HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 1.
कवि क्या चाहता है?
उत्तर :
कवि क्रांति लाना चाहता है।

Viplav Gayan Class 7 HBSE Hindi प्रश्न 2.
कवि कैसी तान सुनना चाहता है?
उत्तर :
जिस तान को सुनकर उथल-पुथल मच जाए।

प्रश्न 3.
कवि के हृदय से कैसी तान निकली है?
उत्तर :
कवि के हृदय से कुद्ध तान निकली है।

प्रश्न 4.
कैसा गीत समाज में क्रांति ला सकता है?
उत्तर :
महानाश का मारक गीत समाज में क्रांति ला सकता है

प्रश्न 5.
विप्लव-गायन कैसी कविता है?
उत्तर :
‘विप्लव-गायन’ जड़ता के विरुद्ध विकास एवं गतिशीलता की कविता है।

प्रश्न 6.
कवि संघर्ष करके क्या करना चाहता है?
उत्तर :
कवि संघर्ष करके नया सृजन (निर्माण) करना चाहता है।

लघुत्तरात्मक प्रश्न

प्रश्न 1.
कवि ने यह विप्लव गीत क्यों लिखा होगा?
उत्तर :
कवि अपने गीत के माध्यम से समाज में क्रांति के लिए चेतना जगाना चाहता था। अत: उसने विप्लव गीत लिखा।

प्रश्न 2.
‘विप्लव-गायन’ का प्रतिपाद्य लिखो।
उत्तर :
‘विप्लव-गायन’ जड़ता के विरुद्ध विकास एवं गतिशीलता की कविता है। विकास और गतिशीलता को अवरुद्ध करनेवाली प्रवृत्ति से संघर्ष करके कवि नया सृजन करना चाहता है। इसलिए कवि विप्लव के माध्यम से परिवर्तन की हिलोर लाना चाहता है।

विप्लव गायन काव्यांशों की सप्रसंग व्याख्या

1. कवि, कुछ ……………… ऐंठी हैं।

शब्दार्थ: तान = लय, स्वर (Rhythem)। उथल-पुथल = ऊपर-नीचे होना, परिवर्तन (Change)। हिलोर = लहर (Wave)। मिजराबें = वीणा के तारों को छोड़ने के लिए उँगली में पहने जाने वाला छल्ला (Ring in finger)।

सप्रसंग व्याख्या :
प्रसंग :
यह काव्यांश प्रसिद्ध देशभक्त कवि बालकृष्ण शर्मा ‘नवीन’ द्वारा रचित कविता ‘विप्लव-गायन’ से लिया गया है। इसे हमारी पाठ्यपुस्तक ‘वसंत भाग-2’ में संकलित किया गया है। यह एक क्रांतिगीत है। इसे नवीन जी ने स्वयं बीसियों बार गाया था। कवि एक नए समाज के निर्माण का आह्वान करता है।

व्याख्या :
कवि सरस्वती के उपासकों का आह्वान करते हुए उनसे एक ऐसा गीत सुनाने का आग्रह करता है जिससे सब जगह उथल-पुथल मच जाए अर्थात् क्रांति आ जाए। उन्होंने अब तक मधुर गीत तो बहुत गा लिए, अब ऐसे गीत की आवश्यकता है जिससे क्रांति की ज्वाला निकले। कवि देश के सभी भागों से विचारों और भावों की लहर उठने की कामना करता है।

कवि शोषकों और दमन-चक्र चलाने वालों को सावधान करते हुए कहता है कि अब मेरी वीणा (कंठ रूपी वीणा) में स्वतंत्रता की चिनगारियाँ आ बैठी हैं अर्थात् क्रांति के स्वर उभर रहे हैं। अब उससे प्रेम और श्रृंगार के मधुर स्वर नहीं निकलेंगे। अब तो केवल क्रांति के स्वर गूंजेंगे। यदि वीणावादक की उँगलियाँ अकड़ जाएँ अर्थात् ऐंठ जाएँ तो मिजरा टूट जाती हैं और तब अपेक्षित स्वर नहीं निकल पाते। कवि की भी यही स्थिति हो गई है। कवि के मन में भी क्रांति के स्वर उभर रहे हैं।

विशेष :
1. कवि ने क्रांति का आह्वान किया है।
2. भाषा ओजपूर्ण है।
3. ‘कवि कुछ’ में अनुप्रास अलंकार है।

अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न :
1. कवि और कविता का नाम लिखो।
2. कवि से कैसी तान सुनाने के लिए कहा जा रहा है?
3. कवि की वीणा में से कैसे स्वर निकल रहे हैं?
4. कवि किनका पक्षधर हे?
उत्तर:
1. कवि का नाम – बालकृष्ण शर्मा ‘नवीन’
कविता का नाम – विप्लव-गायन
2. कवि से ऐसी तान सुनाने के लिए कहा जा रहा है जिससे चारों ओर उथल-पुथल मच जाए अर्थात् क्रांति का आगमन हो जाए।
3. कवि की वीणा से चिनगारी जैसे क्रांतिकारी स्वर निकल रहे हैं।
4. कवि शोषितों (किसान-मजदूरों) का पक्षधर है।

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्न सही उत्तर चुनकर लिखिए

1. यह कविता किस वाद से प्रभावित है?
(क) छायावाद
(ख) प्रगतिवाद
(ग) साम्यवाद
(घ) प्रयोगवाद
उत्तर :
(ख) प्रगतिवाद

2. ‘उथल-पुथल मचने’ से कवि का क्या आशय है?
(क) क्रांति का आगमन हो जाए
(ख) समाज में परिवर्तन हो जाए
(ग) विद्रोह हो जाए
(घ) पानी बह जाए
उत्तर :
(क) क्रांति का आगमन हो जाए

3. “मिज़राबें” का अर्थ है
(क) वीणा बजान का छल्ला
(ख) वीणा के तार
(ग) वीणा के स्वर
(घ) अँगुली
उत्तर :
(क) वीणा बजान का छल्ला

4. इस कविता के रचयिता हैं
(क) मैथिलीशरण गुप्त
(ख) बालकृष्ण शर्मा ‘नवीन’
(ग) सुमित्रानंदन पंत
(घ) मनोहर लाल
उत्तर :
(ख) बालकृष्ण शर्मा ‘नवीन’

2. कंठ रुका ………………… अंतरतर से।

शब्दार्थ : कंठ = गला (Threatty) महानाश = पूरी बर्बादी (Toteil deestruction)। मारक = मारने वाला (Killery)। रुद्ध = रुका हुआ (Stopped)। हृत्तल = हृदय (Hearior) क्षुब्ध = कुपित (Angry)। दग्ध = जना हुआ (Burmy। कुद्ध = क्रोध में (Angry)। अंतर = हृदय (Heartyl

सप्रसंग व्याख्या:
प्रसंग : प्रस्तुत पंक्तियाँ बालकृष्ण शर्मा ‘नवीन’ द्वारा रचित क्राति गीत ‘विप्लव-गायन’ से अवतरित हैं। क्रांति आने पर पहले नाश होता है और फिर नव-निर्माण होता है।

व्याख्या :
कवि कहता है कि पहले मेरा कंठ रुका हुआ था। मैं चाहकर भी मारक गीत नहीं लिख पाता था। अब यह स्थिति समाप्त हो गई है। अब मेरे हृदय के अंदर वर्तमान शासन के प्रति क्रोध, आक्रोश और घृणा के भाव जाग गए हैं और मैंने क्रांति – गीत लिखने का निश्चय कर लिया है। इन गीतों से लोगों के हृदयों में आग लग कर रहेगी। अब एक प्रकार का युद्ध छिड़ गया है।

मेरे क्रांति गीत से जो आग निकलेगी उससे झाड़-झंखाड़ अर्थात् गलत रूढ़ियाँ परंपराएँ जलकर नष्ट हो जाएंगी। मेरे मन में अब तक जो गीत रुका हुआ था. अब उसकी क्षुब्ध (दुखी) तान विद्रोह की ज्वाला भड़काकर रहेगी क्योंकि यह तान मेरे हृदय की गहराई से निकली है। मेरा यह गीत मधुर एवं कोमल न होकर विद्रोह की ज्याला भड़काने वाला होगा। इसका प्रभाव व्यापक होगा।

विशेष :
1. तत्सम शब्दों का प्रयोग है।
2. ओज गुण का समावेश है।

अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न :
1. कवि की स्थिति क्या हो गई है?
2. अब वह कैसे गीत लिखना चाह रहा है?
3. क्रांति गीत से क्या होगा?
उत्तर:
1. कवि का कंठ रुक गया है और वह चाहकर भी मारक गीत नहीं लिख पा रहा है। अब उसके हृदय में शासन के प्रति क्रोध, आक्रोश और घृणा के भाव जाग गए हैं।
2. अब कवि क्रांति गीत लिखना चाह रहा है।
3. इस क्रांति गीत से विद्रोह की ज्वाला भड़केगी। इसका प्रभाव व्यापक होगा।

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्न सही उत्तर चुनकर लिखिए

1. आग कहाँ लगेगी?
(क) लोगों में
(ख) हृदय में
(ग) शासन में
(घ) कहीं नहीं
उत्तर :
(ख) हृदय में

2. ‘दग्य’ शब्द कैसा है?
(क) तत्सम
(ख) तद्भव
(ग) देशज
(घ) विदेशी
उत्तर :
(क) तत्सम

3. कवि कैसा गीत नहीं लिख पा रहा है?
(क) मारक गीत
(ख) रुद्ध गीत
(ग) क्रांति गीत
(घ) सामान्य गीत
उत्तर :
(क) मारक गीत

4. यह काव्यांश किस कविता से लिया गया है?
(क) विप्लव से
(ख) विप्लव-गायन से
(ग) क्रांति गीत से
(घ) मारक गीत से
उत्तर :
(ख) विप्लव-गायन से

3. कण – कण …………… आया हूँ।

शब्दार्थ : व्याप्त = समाया हुआ (Spread over)। ध्वनि = आवाज़ (Sound)। कालकूट = जहर (Poison)। फणि = साँप (Snake)। भू-विलास = भौहें टेढ़ी होना, क्रोध (Anger)। पोषक = पालने वाले (Nourishing)। परख = जाँच (Test)

सप्रसंग व्याख्या:
प्रसंग : प्रस्तुत पंक्तियाँ हमारी पाठ्यपुस्तक ‘वसंत भाग-2’ में संकलित कविता ‘विप्लव-गायन’ से ली गई हैं। इस कविता के रचयिता बालकृष्ण शर्मा ‘नवीन’ हैं।

व्याख्या :
कवि अपने कंठ से निकले गीत की व्यापकता को बताते हुए कहता है कि यह गीत सारे संसार के कण-कण में समाया हुआ है। आज प्रत्येक व्यक्ति का रोम-रोम इसी गीत को गा रहा है। केवल इस जगत के प्राणी ही नहीं, भयंकर विष को धारण करने वाले शेषनाग के सिर पर विद्यमान चिंतामणि भी इसी प्रलय-गीत का गायन कर रही है। वह भी क्रांति का आह्वान कर रहा है। शेषनाग भी मेरा क्रांति-गीत सुनकर मस्ती में अपना फन हिलाकर झूम रहा है।

अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न :
1. कण-कण में कौन-सा स्वर व्याप्त है?
2. कवि को जीवन का क्या राज समझ आ गया है?
3. कवि को महानाश के पोषक सूत्र कहाँ दिखाई दिए?
उत्तर:
1. कण-कण में क्रांति के स्वर व्याप्त हैं।
2. कवि को जीवन का यह रारा समझ में आ गया है कि क्रांति के बिना नव-निर्माण या परिवर्तन संभव नहीं है।
3. कवि को महानाश के पोषक सूत्र भौंहों के एक इशारे में दिखाई दिए अर्थात् जब लोग अपनी भृकुटि टेढ़ी करते हैं तब महानाश होता है।

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्न सही उत्तर चुनकर लिखिए

1. ‘सेम-रोम’ में कौन-सा अलंकार है?
(क) अनुप्रास
(ख) पुनरुक्ति
(ग) यमक
(घ) उपमा
उत्तर :
(ख) पुनरुक्ति

2. ‘भ्रू’ शब्द कैसा है?
(क) तत्सम
(ख) तद्भव
(ग) देशज
(घ) विदेशी
उत्तर :
(क) तत्सम

3. ‘कालकूट’ शब्द का अर्थ है
(क) ज़हर
(ख) अमृत
(ग) दूध
(घ) पानी
उत्तर :
(क) ज़हर

4. इस कविता का मूल स्वर कैसा है?
(क) क्रांति का
(ख) विद्रोह का
(ग) परिवर्तन का
(घ) इन सभी का
उत्तर :
(घ) इन सभी का

विप्लव गायन Summary in Hindi

विप्लव गायन कवि-परिचय

प्रश्न : बालकृष्ण शर्मा ‘नवीन’ का जीवन परिचय देते हुए उनका साहित्यिक परिचय भी दीजिए।
उत्तर :
जीवन-परिचय :
बालकृष्ण शर्मा नवीन स्वतंत्रता संग्राम के एक निर्भीक पत्रकार, कवि, गद्यकार एवं स्वतंत्रता सेनानी थे। उनका जन्म 8 दिसंबर, 1897 ई. को ‘ग्वालियर’ राज्य के शाजापुर नामक परगने के भयाना नामक गाँव में हुआ था। पिता बहुत निर्धन थे। वैष्णव माता-पिता के साथ उदयपुर राज्य में स्थित ‘नाथद्वारा’ मंदिर में बचपन की धमाचौकड़ी मचाने के बाद पढ़ाई के लिए पुनः शाजापुर आ गए। शाजापुर से मिडिल पास करने के बाद वे उज्जैन चले गए जहाँ उन्हरने माधव कॉलेज में प्रवेश लिया। युवा नवीन को राजनीति ने तीव्रता से आकृष्ट किया।

1916 ई. में लोकमान्य तिलक के आह्वान पर अखिल भारतीय कांग्रेस का अधिवेशन देखने लखनऊ जा पहुँचे। इसी अधिवेशन में उनकी भेंट माखनलाल चतुर्वेदी, मैथिलीशरण गुप्त और गणेशशंकर विद्यार्थी से हुई। 1917 ई. में हाई स्कूल पास करने के बाद वे गणेश शंकर विद्यार्थी के बुलावे पर कानपुर पहुँच गए, जहाँ विद्यार्थी ‘प्रताप’ नामक अखबार का प्रकाशन कर रहे थे। उन्होंने नवीन को ‘प्रताप’ में रख लिया और पढ़ाई के लिए ‘क्राइस्ट चर्च कॉलेज’ में भर्ती करा दिया।

1920 ई. में गाँधी जी के आह्वान पर सत्याग्रही बन गए और कॉलेज की पढ़ाई बीच में ही छोड़ दी। 1931 ई. में गणेशशंकर विद्यार्थी की मृत्यु के बाद नवीन ही ‘प्रताप’ के मुख्य संपादक बने। 1960 ई. तक वे देश की राजनीति में बराबर सक्रिय रहे। 1952 ई. में प्रथम लोक सभा के सदस्य बने और मृत्युपर्यंत (1960 तक) भारतीय संसद के वरिष्ठ सदस्य भी रहे। वे फक्कड़ मनमौजी और अलमस्त किस्म के व्यक्ति थे। वे पक्के वैष्णव थे।

साहित्यिक परिचय :
1917 से वे गणेशशंकर विद्यार्थी के पत्र ‘प्रताप’ से जुड़े और इससे उनका संपर्क अंत तक बना रहा। उन्होंने माखनलाल चतुर्वेदी की ‘खंडवा’ (म.प्र.) से प्रकाशित होने वाली पत्रिका ‘प्रभा’ का संपादन कार्य भी 1921-23 तक किया था। इन पत्रों में उनकी लिखी संपादकीय टिप्पणियाँ अपने ओज, खरेपन और अभिव्यंजना शैली की विशिष्टता के कारण आज भी पठनीय हैं। वे एक निर्भीक पत्रकार थे। रचनाएँ : कुमकुम, रश्मिरेखा, अपलक, हम विषायी जनम के।

विप्लव गायन कविता का सार

‘विप्लव-गायन’ शीर्षक कविता एक क्रांति-गीत है। इसमें जड़ता के विरुद्ध विकास एवं गतिशीलता की बात कही गई है। विकास के मार्ग को रोकने वाली प्रवृत्ति से संघर्ष करने की भावना का आह्वान किया गया है। इस गीत में कवि ने कवियों से ऐसे गीत के सृजन की कामना की है जो क्रांति का मार्ग प्रशस्त करे।

कवि चाहता है कि अन्याय और शोषण से भरी व्यवस्था नष्ट-भ्रष्ट हो जाए। कवि नए समाज का निर्माण करना चाहता है। कवि अपने गीत के माध्यम से समाज में उथल-पुथल लाना चाहता है। वह अपने मन के भावों को कंठ से निकले गीत में प्रकट करना चाहता है। इससे क्रांति की ज्वाला निकलेगी और सब बुरा-बुरा जल कर नष्ट हो जाएगा। कवि को यह बात समझ आ गई है कि नव-निर्माण से पहले नाश अवश्य होता है।