Haryana State Board HBSE 9th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 6 Population Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 9th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 6 Population
HBSE 9th Class Social Science Geography PopulationTextBook Questions and Answers
Textbook Questions
Population Of Haryana 9th Class Question 1.
Choose the correct answer:
(i) Migrations change the number, distribution and composition of the population in:
(a) the area of departure
(b) the area of arrival
(c) both the area of deparature and arrival
(d) none of the above.
Answer:
(c) both the area of deparature and arrival
(ii) A large proportion of children in a population is result of:
(a) high birth rates
(b) high life expectancies
(c) high death rates
(d) more married couples.
Answer:
(d) more married couples.
(iii) The magnitude of population growth refers to:
(a) the total population of an area.
(b) the number of persons added each year
(c) the rate at which the population increases.
(d) the number of females per thousand males.
Answer:
(b) the number of persons added each year
(iv) According to the Census 2001, a “literate” person is one who:
(a) can read and write his/her name
(b) can read and write any language
(c) is 7 years old and can read and write any language with understanding.
(d) knows 3 Rs. (reading, writing, arithmatics)
Answer:
(c) is 7 years old and can read and write any language with understanding.
Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 Population Notes HBSE Question 2.
Write brief answers:
(i) Why is therate of population growth in India declining since 1981 ?
Answer:
Since 1981, the rate of growth started declining gradually. The declining trend of the growth rate is mainly due to the efforts done with regard to birth control:
(ii) Discuss the major components of population growth.
Answer:
The major components of population growth are as under:
1. Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is a major component of growth because in India, birth , rates have always been higher than death rates.
2. Death Rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. The main cause of the rate of growth of the Indian population has been the fast decline in death rates. Till 1980, high birth rates and declining death rates led to a large difference between birth rates and death rates resulting in higher rates of population growth. Since 1981, birth rates have also started declining gradually, resulting in a gradual decline ini the rate of population growth. What are the reasons for this trend ?
3. Migration : The third component of population growth is migration. Migration is the movement of people across regions i and territories. Migration can.be internal (within the country) or international (between countries). Internal migration does not change the size of the population, bujt influences the distribution of population within the nation. Migration plays a very significant role in
changing the composition and distribution of population.
In India, most migrations have been from rural to urban areas because of the “push” of the adverse conditions of poverty and unemployment in the rural areas and the “pull” of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better living conditions. ‘
(iii) Define age structure, death rate and birth rate.
Answer:
Age structure refers to the classification of population into:
(a) children
(b) adult
(c) aged.
Death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a. year.
(iv) How is migration a determinant of population change?
Answer:
Migrations are an important determinant of population change. They change not only the population size but also the population composition in terms of urban and rural populations and in terms of age and sex composition. In India, the rural-urban migration has resulted in a stayed increase in the percentage of the population in cities and towns. The urban population has increased from 17.29 per cent of the total population in 1951 to 27.78 per cent in 2001. There has been a significant increase in the number of ‘million plus cities’ from 23 to 35 in just one decade 1991-2001.
Population Class 9 Questions Answers HBSE Question 3.
Distinguish between population growth, and population change.
Answer:
Population growth is the increase in population. It is what is added to the population. In population change, the number of people changes their place, from one to the other. It neither adds tip nor subtracts from the number of population that the country or a city has.
Chapter 6 Population HBSE Question 4.
What is the relationship between occupational structure and development?
Answer:
There is a relationship between occupational structure and development. More is the number of adult percentage more is the level of development. Children and the aged are economically unproductive. More is their number, less is the level of development.
Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 HBSE Question 5.
What are the advantages of having a healthy population?
Answer:
The advantages of a healthy population are numerous. A healthy population adds to the health of the nation. It adds to a number of the working population. In a state of a healthy population, there are lesser diseases, lesser deaths lesser health problems and conversely a healthy population to face any problem facing the nation.
9th Class Geography Chapter 6 Question Answer HBSE Question 6.
What are the significant features of the National Population Policy 2000?
Answer:
The National Population Policy (NPP) 2000 is the culmination of years of planned efforts, beginning from the Family Planning Programme. Its significant features are:
(i) Stabilising population growth by 2045.
(ii) Reducing infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live birth.
(iii) Achieving universal immunisation of children against all vaccine-preventable diseases.
(iv) Promoting delayed marriage for girls.
(v) Making family welfare a people-centred programme.
(vi) Helping adolescents attain all health care services.
HBSE 9th Class Social Science Geography Population Important Questions and Answers
Class 9 Population Question Answer HBSE Question 1.
Name the states with a positive sex ratio.
Answer:
1. Kerala
2. Pondicherry
Chapter 6 Geography Class 9 Question Answer HBSE Question 2.
How can the population be divided?
Answer:
The population can be divided according to the categories of people of various age groups.
Class 9th Chapter 6 Geography HBSE Question 3.
Which age group is mainly responsible for the high dependency ratio of India?
Answer:
0-14.
Chapter 6 Geography Class 9 HBSE Question 4.
Who can be taken as a literate person?
Answer:
A person who can read and Write with a certain understanding and is more than seven years old is known as a literate person.
Population Class 9 Solutions HBSE Question 5.
In which year the population policy in India has been implemented?
Answer:
In 1952.
Question 6.
What is the average per capita calory consumption is urban areas?
Answer:
2100 approximately.
Question 7.
What is the per capita calorie consumption in rural areas?
Answer:
2400.
Question 8.
Which, part of the population suffers from anaemia?
Answer:
Adolescent girls.
Question 9.
What is the current birth rate of our country?
Answer:
42.2 per thousand.
Question 10.
What is the current death rate of our country?
Answer:
87 per thousand.
Question 11.
How many million? plus cities are there in our country?
Answer:
23.
Question 12.
What was the percentage of the urban population of our country in 1951?
Answer:
17.29%.
Question 13.
What was the percentage of the urban population of our country in 1991?
Answer:
25.72%:
Question 14.
Has the urban sector of pur country grown uniformly?
Answer:
No.
Question 15.
Name the cities which have shown a large share of migration.
Answer:
Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata.
Question 16.
Which cities in India are known as the mega cities?
Answer:
Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata.
Question 17.
What was the population of the world in 1830?
Answer:
1000 million.
Question 18.
How much part of the total geographical area of the world is shared by India?
Answer:
About 2.4%.
Question 19.
What is the share of India in the total world population?
Answer:
16.7%,
Question 20.
What is the sex ratio in Uttar Pradesh?
Answer:
898.
Question 21.
What do you understand by the productive population? occupational
Or
Differentiate between productive population and dependent population.
Or
What is understood by the dependent population?
Answer:
Productive Population:
It is the part of the population engaged in productive activities. The people of this group generally fall in the age group of 15-59 years.
Dependent Population:
This is the part of the population which is not engaged in productive work. In other words, this part of the population does not contribute in increasing income. Generally, this is the part of the population which falls below 15 years of age and above 59 years. India has a high dependency ratio with regard to the age group of 0-14 years.
Question 22.
Why is India’s consumption is higher than production?
Answer:
India has a high dependency ratio. Because of this fact, a large proportion of a country’s resources are diverted toward satisfying the consumption need of the dependent population. Therefore, consumption is higher than production. This situation is adversely affecting the development of the country.
Question 23.
Why the sex ratio in India is unfavourable?
Or
Point out the main reasons responsible for the unfavourable sex ratio in India.
Answer:
The sex ratio is meant by the number of females on per 1000 males. In India, except Kerala and Pondicherry, sex ratio is unfavourable, meaning less number of females in comparison to males. The main responsible reason behind the unfavourable sex ratio are the following:
1. A large portion of the Indian population provides less care to female children as compared to male children.
2. Women face greater risks to their lives, especially at the time of childbirth.
3. Dowry system and female infanticide take many women’s lives.
4. Illiteracy and poverty lead them to die earlier.
Question 24.
What is meant by child labour? Why is it banned?
Answer:
Child labour is the term which indicates the children who are below 14 years old and employed in factories or business establishments. Article 390 (f) of the Indian constitution lays down that the State should ensure that the children are given opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in the conditions of freedom and dignity hence the children must be protected against exploitation. Acting on these guidelines of the Directive Principles of our Constitution, the government of India has banned child labour so that children may be protected against exploitation and moral and material abandonment. Again child labour has been banned to enable children to receive proper education so that they may develop into healthy citizens of future.
Question 25.
What do you understand by the dependency ratio? Why dependency ratio in our country is much higher than the countries like Japan?
Or
Point out the reasons behind the high dependency ratio of India.
Answer: Dependency ratio is the number of dependent persons per hundred on working persons. The dependency ratio is calculated by dividing the dependent population by the active population and multiplying it by 100. In 1991, the dependency ratio in India was 78% which was much high as compared to the countries like Japan where it was only about 48.8%.
The Reasons Behind High Dependency Ratio of India:
1. The population below 14 years is quite high in India.
2. The persons above 59 years old form a large part of the population of India.
3. Due to a lack of work opportunities a large number of people are unemployed or under employed. They also increase the dependency ratio.
Question 26.
Why rural migration could hot be controlled even after adopting modem technique in agriculture?
Answer:
It is a fact that in spite of adopting modern agricultural techniques, rural migration could not be stopped. The main reasons behind this fact are the following:
1. Due to small land holdings and the non-availability of finance and marketing facilities, agriculture is unable to hold any charm among the rural people.
2. Agriculture is unable to provide regular good jobs to the overgrowing rural population.
Hence the migration towards the cities from the rural areas cannot be stopped.
Question 27.
Why has there been such a sudden abrupt rise in the population of India after 1921?
Or
Point out the responsible reasons behind the steep rise in India’s population since 1921.
Answer:
1.921 A.D. is an important landmark in the population history of India. Before 1921, the population of India was almost stable. One the other hand, after the year 1921, the rise in population was constant and very high. It is the reason that the year 1921 is called as great divide between two trends of halting population and constantly increasing population.
The main responsible factors behind this situation are the following:
1. Steady fall in the death rate.
2. New discoveries in the field of medicine.
3. Public health services have been extended to more and more people.
4. After independence stress was laid on better lying conditions.
5. Measures have been successfully taken to check epidemics like plague, small pox, malaria etc.
Question 28.
What is Census?
Answer:
Census is meant by the count of the population of a country. In our India, census takes place every ten years. The last census was held in 2001. The census is in fact an enquiry based on a questionnaire. In this questionnaire, the questions relate the various kinds of information about the members of the household. These questions are not only related to age and occupations of people, but also to the type of facilities available in the households. On the basis of these studies, the government provides details about births, deaths, migration, literacy, sex-ratio etc. The first census, in India, was held in 1872, the first complete census in 1887.
Question 29.
Define sex-ratio.
Answer:
Sex ratio is meant by the number of females per thousand males in the population. Sex ratio in our country has remained favourable to males. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the sex ratio in India was 972. But is deteriorated over the decades. During the last decade, there has been light improvement in this ratio, as it increased from 929 in 1991 to 933 in 2001. In this regard, the encouraging factor is Kerala and Pondicherry as these are the only states with sex ratio in favour of males.
Question 30.
Explain birth rate and death rate.
Answer:
Birth rate: It is the rtumber of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is different from actual number of births during that particular year. Death rate: It is the number of deaths pert thousand persons in a year.
Question 31.
Discuss one factor that causes the growth of the population in India.
Answer:
there are many factors that cause the over-growth of the population in India: However, among all of them illiteracy is major factor because of the following reasons:
1. Because of illiteracy a large part of the population remains unaware of the harms of overpopulation.
2. Illiteracy keep the person with lack of knowledge about the family planning measures.
3. Women are not aware of their rights and health factors due to illiteracy.
4. It keeps the people bound with the customs of years ago which tells them that the children are the gifts from God.
5. Because as illiterates, they give undue importance to have a male child. This illiteracy is a big factor causing overpopulation. Hence, making the people aware and literate the population can be controlled.
Question 32.
How does occupational structure reflect the levels of growth of a country?
Answer:
There are three types of occupational structure in society:
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Tertiary.
1. The Primary Activities:
These are the activities in which natural products are produced. Or these activities are pure nature-based. Agriculture, fisheries, and mining are this kind of activities.
2. The Secondary Activities:
These are the activities which are dependent on the primary activities. Cotton mills, textile industries, jute mills, are examples of this kind of activity.
3. The Tertiary Activities:
These are the occupations which are service based. For example, banking, the railways, transport the teaching, medical, engineering etc, are the tertiary activities. As a country makes progress it moves toward the secondary and tertiary activities. . The more developed economy it is, the more is engaged with tertiary activities.
Question 33.
Explain female literacy and population growth.
Answer:
A person who can read and write with certain understanding and is more than seven years old is taken as a literate person. The present literacy level of India is 65.35%. 54% of the Indian females are literate. It means about half of the female population of our country is literate. It is a good signal for checking the overgrowth of the population.
Question 34.
Point out the reasons behind the rapid overgrowth of the population in the metropolitan cities in India:
Answer:
It is a fact that the population of India is growing very rapidly. In the same time, the population of the metropolitan cities is giving a cause for concern. Reasons behind this overgrowth:
1. Metropolitan cities of India are developing themselves as the world-class cities. Hence, they attract people from all over the country.
2. These cities provide more work opportunities. Hence, the victims of unemployment come here to find work.
3. Most of the Indian parts are poorly undeveloped. Hence people come over these cities to find out more developed life opportunities.
4. Many of people migrate to these cities to lead a luxurious lifestyle.
5. For many people living in a metropolitan city is a symbol of high status.
All of the above factors and many more are responsible for the rapid growth of population in these cities.
Question 35.
What is meant by the birth rate and the growth rate ? How would you differentiate between them ?
Answer:
Birth rate is meant by the number of live born children on per thousand persons in a given period. The Growth rate indicates the difference between the birth rate and death, rate at a given period. Growth rate also indicates the rate at which the population in a region grows at a given time. The growth rate is algo related with the difference between the number of the ‘immigrants’ and emigrants. Though this factor is not very prominent in normal times yet is becomes very prominent due to special circumstances. For example; in 1947 and again in 1971, the growth rate in India jumped due to the refugees.
Question 36.
Give an account of the areas which are known as the sparsely populated areas in India.
Answer:
The areas with sparse populations are the following:
1. The Hilly States of North-East India: The northeast of India is not conducted by die overgrowth of population. Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura etc. are the states with very low number of persons. The difficult climatic set-up and dense forest areas make these areas remain sparsely populated areas.
2. The Himalayan Region: This region is sparsely populated because of the following facts:
(a) The whole of the area of this region is mountainous.
(b) It is’ very difficult to develop the transportation facilities over here.
(c) Cultivating is also equally difficult in these areas.
(d) These areas are also covered with thick forests.
(c) Rivers flowing in these areas are very swift and not suitable for navigation.
3. The Tarai Areas: These are the area lying at the foot of the Himalayas. These are sparsely populated because of the uneven land, dense forests, heavy rainfall and also lack of transport means
4. Desert Areas: The Thar and the Rann of Kachcha are sparsely populated because of their unhealthy climatic positions.
Objective Type Questions
Question 1.
Put ✓ before the correct sentence and✗ before the incorrect ones.
(i) Migration means the movement of people across regions and territories.
(ii) The average density of population is India is about 400.
(iii) The bulk of the peninsular blocks have a moderate density of population.
(iv) The year 1921 is called the year of the great divide.
(v) Madhya Pradesh has a low population density.
(vi) The world population at present in near about 10 billion.
(vii) It is projected that India will overtake China in population in 2045.
(viii) India’s population almost doubled between 1951-1981.
Answer:
(i) ✓
(ii)✗
(iii) ✓
(vi) ✗
(v) ✓
(vii) ✓
(viii) ✓
Question 2.
Fill in the following blanks with the most suitable words:
(i) Birth rate is different from actual number of …………..
(iii) The present birth rate of our country is …………..
(iii) Internal migration does not change the size of …………..
(iv) Sex-ratio is meant by the number of females per ………….. males.
(v) There are ………….. cities in our country with a population of one million.
Answer:
(i) Births
(ii) 26%
(iii) Population
(iv) Thousand
Question 5.
Match the following Lists:
| List I | List II |
| (i) Sbblization of Populadon | 1952 |
| (ii) National Population Policy | 2045 |
| (iii) 2100 calorIes | Urbanareas |
| (iv) 2400 calorIes | 2000 |
| (v) Adolescents | Rural areas |
| (vi) Anaemia | Girls |
| (vii) Population Policy Implemented. | 10-19 years |
Answer:
| List I | List II |
| (i) Sbblization of Populadon | 2045 |
| (ii) National Population Policy | 2000 |
| (iii) 2100 calorIes | Urban aieas |
| (iv) 2400 calorIes | Rural areas |
| (v) Adolescents | 10-19 years |
| (vi) Anaemia | old |
Question 4.
Match the following two lists:
| List – I (States) | List – II (% of literacy) |
| 1. Kerala | 90.92% |
| 2. Mizoram | 87.52% |
| 3. Lakshadweep | 88.49% |
Answer:
| List – I (States) | List – II (% of literacy) |
| 1. Kerala | 88.49% |
| 2. Mizoram | 87.52% |
| 3. Lakshadweep | 90.92% |
Question 5.
Choose the correct answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) The following year is known as the year of the great divide:
(a) 1921
(b) 1981
(c) 1941
(d) 1951
Answer:
(a) 1921
(ii) The following state, izi India, is (the biggest state of India:
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Bihar
Answer:
(b) Rajasthan
(iii) When is India likely to overtake China in population?
(a) 2025
(b) 2035
(c) 2045
(d) 2055
Answer:
(c) 2045
(iv) The following state in India, has the highest literacy rate:
(a) Bihar
(b) Rajathan
(c) West Bengal
(d) Kerala.
Answer:
(d) Kerala.
(v) The following is not among India’s five states constituting India’s half population:
(a) Sikkim
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Bihar
(d) Maharashtra.
Answer:
(a) Sikkim