Haryana State Board HBSE 9th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 9th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
HBSE 9th Class Social Science Geography Natural Vegetation and Wildlife TextBook Questions and Answers
Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Of Haryana 9th Class Question 1.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to
(a) Tundra
(b) Tidal
(c) Himalayan
(d) Tropical Evergreen.
Answer:
(d) Tropical Evergreen.
(ii) Cinchona trees are found in areas of rainfall more than
(a) 100 cm
(b) 50 cm
(c) 70 cm
(d) less than 50 cm.
Answer:
(a) 100 cm
(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?
(a) Punjab
(b) Delhi
(c) Orissa
(d) West Bengal.
Answer:
(d) West Bengal.
(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserve of India is not included in the world network of bioreserve.
(a) Monas
(b) Dihang-Dibang
(c) Gulf of Mannar
(d) Nanda Devil
Answer:
(d) Nanda Devil
Class 9 Geography Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Notes HBSE Question 2.
(i) Define an ecosystem.
Answer:
System is meant by the physical environment of a place formed by all kinds of plants, birds and animals of that area.
(ii) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?
Answer:
The distribution of plants and. animals are mainly determined by the climate of that area. The other determiner factors of this distribution are soil, relief and drainage etc.
(ii) What is a biosphere? Give two examples.
Answer:
A bio-reserve is a place that consists of fairly vast wild land and is devoted to the protection and preservation of flora and fauna of the country in the very natural form.
Examples:
Gulf of Mannar, Nilgiri.
(iv) Name two animals having habitats in different types of vegetation.
Answer:
(i) Tropical Rain Vegetation: Elephant, monkey
(ii) Deciduous Vegetation: Lion, tiger
(iii) Thorn-Scrubs: Fox, Lion,
(iv) Temperate Vegetation: Kashmir Stag, Leopard
(v) Alpine-Tundra: Yak, Leopard
(vi) Tidal vegetation: Tiger, turtles
Natural Vegetation Of Haryana HBSE 9th Class Question 3.
Distinguish between
(i) Flora and Fauna
(ii) Tropical evergreen and deciduous forests.
Answer:
Flora:
1. It refers to plants.
2. It came first into existence
3. It can convert energy derived from the sun into food.
Fauna
1. It stands for animal and wildlife.
2. It came into existence after the flora.
3. It cannot convert sun energy into food.
(ii) Evergreen and deciduous forests.
Answer:
Evergreen forests:
1. These are the forests found in areas with more than 200 cm of rainfall.
2. There the trees reach great heights up to 60 metre or more.
3. These are found in the Western Ghats and the island groups of India.
Deciduous forests:
1. These are found in areas with 70-200 cm of rainfall.
2. Trees do not reach at such a height.
3. These are found in the northeastern states along with the foot hills of the Himalayas, Jharkhand and Orissa.
Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Class 9 Questions Answers HBSE Question 4.
Name different types of vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
Answer:
The major vegetation types of India are the following:
1. The Tropical Rain forests.
2. The Deciduous forests.
3. The Tropical thorn forests arid Scrubs.
4. The Temperate forests with Grassland.
5. Tine Alpine and Tundra Vegetation.
The vegetation of high altitudes are: ebony, mahogany and rosewood.
Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation And Wildlife HBSE Question 5.
Quite a few species of plants and. animals are endangered. Why ?
Answer:
There are about 1300 plant Species and a few animal species are endangered. This is. due to executive exploitation of plants and animals by man. The other main causes include animal hunting by man for commercial purposes. Pollution due to chemical and industrial waste, acid deposits, the introduction of alien species and reckless cutting of the forests to bring land under cultivation and inhabitation, are also responsible for.the imbalance.
Class 9 Geography Chapter 5 HBSE Question 6.
Why India has a rich hertiage of flora and fauna ?
Answer:
India is one of the 12 mega biodiversity countries of the world. With about 47,000 plant species and 89,000 species of animals, India is tenth in the world and fourth in Asia in plant diversity. There are about 15,00.0 flowering plants in our country which constitute six per cent of the world’s total. India is also rich in non-flowering plants such as finis, algae and fungi and has a huge variety of fish in its fresh marine waters.
India has a rich heritage of flora and fauna. It is due to factors relating to the following: Temperature : The character and extent of vegetation are mainly determined by temperature along with hurmidity in the air; precipitation and soil. On the slopes of the Himalayas and the hills of the Peninsula above the height of 915 metres, the fall in the temperature affects the types of vegetation and its growth, and changes it from tropical to subtropical temperate and alpine
Temperature characteristics of the Vegetation Zones Table No. 5.1
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2. Sunlight:
The variation in sun’s radiant energy at different places is due to difference in latitude, altitude/season and duration of the day. Due to the factor of sunlight, trees grow faster in summer.
3. Precipitation:
Almost the entire rainfall is brought in by the advancing south west monsoon (June to Sept.) and retreating north east monsoon. Areas of heavy rainfall have more dense vegetation as compared to other areas.
4. Soil:
Changes in soil conditions have given rise to peculiar types of vegetation in many areas such as mangrove forests, swamps and sandy coastal forests.
5. Relief:
It is another important factor affecting vegetation-plains, plateaus and mountains have different types of vegetation.
HBSE 9th Class Social Science Geography Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Important Questions and Answers
9th Class Geography Chapter 5 Question Answer HBSE Question 1.
Which was the form of life which appeared on the earth?
Answer:
Plants or vegetation.
Class 9 Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Question Answer HBSE Question 2.
What is the importance of the plants – for us?
Answer:
Every form of life on the earth is dependent either directly or indirectly on the plants hence these are very significant.
Chapter 5 Geography Class 9 Question Answer HBSE Question 3.
How many flowering plants are there in India?
Answer:
About 15000.
Class 9th Chapter 5 Geography HBSE Question 4.
What is the use of Sarpagandha?
Answer:
Sarpagahdha is used for the treatment of the blood pressure.
5 Natural Vegetation And Wildlife HBSE Question 5.
How many species of the plants have been listed as endangered in India?
Answer:
52
Question 6.
Which of the international agencies has included Indian plants in the medical list?
Answer:
The World Conservation Union.
Question 7.
Name the Indian states where Tropical deciduous forests are found.
Answer:
1. The north-eastern states
2. The foothills of the Himalyas
3. Jharkhand
4. West Orissa
5. Chhattisgarh
6. Eastern slopes of the Western Ghats.
Question 8.
Give two examples of deciduous trees.
Answer:
1. Teak
2. Sal.
Question 9.
Give three examples of the trees of the tropical rains forests.
Answer:
1. Ebony
2. Mahogany
3. Rosewood.
Question 10.
Name the place where thorny forests are found in India.
Answer:
The north-western part of the .country including the semi-arid areas of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana.
Question 11.
In which state is the Sundarban located?
Answer:
In West Bengal.
Question 12.
Name the major vegetation region to which Acacia and Teak trees belong.
Answer:
Acacia – Thom forests.
Teak-Tropical deciduous forests.
Question 13.
In which type of vegetation region are the date-palm and the mahogani trees found ?
Answer:
Date palm trees-Thorn forests.
2. Mahogany trees.
Question 14.
How many species of birds are there in India ?
Answer:
Near about 1200.
Question 15.
In what kind of water do the Sundari trees flourish?
Answer:
Sundari trees flourish both in fresh and salt water.
Question 16.
Name the Indian states where elephants are found.
Ans:
1. Assam
2. Kerala
3. Karnataka.
Question 17.
Name the national bird of India.
Answer:
Peacock.
Question 18.
Name the national animal of India.
Answer:
Tiger.
Question 19.
Name two migratory birds.
Answer:
1. Siberian crane
2. Flamingo.
Question 20.
Name two endangered species of wild life.
Answer:
1. Tigers
2. Rhinoceros.
Question 21.
Point out some most important characteristics of the monsoon.
Answer:
1. These are found almost all over India.
2. They grow in the areas with the rainfall between 200 cm-75 cm.
3. These forests have Sal and Teak trees.
4. These trees shed their leaves for about six to eight weeks in summer.
Question 22.
Point out the importance of the biosphere reserves.
Answer:
1. The biosphere reserves are very important in reserving the endangered species of animals and plants.
2. These are the important source of transmission of the natural heritage to the future generations.
3. These inspire the people of the surrounding areas to protect tire wild life.
4. These provide opportunities for research.
5. These are also important for promoting the tourism.
Question 23.
Name the states where the following biosphere reserves are situated.
(i) Nilgiri
(ii) Nanda Devi
(iii) Manas
(iv) Simlipal
(v) Nokrek
(vi) Sundarban
(vii) Pachmarhi
(viii) Dehang Debong
Answer:
Biosphere Reserves States
(i) Nilgiri – Tamil Nadu, Kerala Karnataka
(ii) Nanda Devi – Uttranchal
(in) Manas – Assam
(iv) Simlipal – Orissa
(v) Nokrek – Meghalaya
(vi) Sundarban – West Bengal
(vii) Pachmarhi – Madhya Pradesh
(viii) Dehang Debong – Arunachal Pradesh.
Question 24.
What is the reason that the tropical deciduous forests shed their leaves during the summer?
Answer:
Tropical deciduous forests are the trees like, sal, sandal, shisha etc. All of these trees shed their leaves in summer. The main reason behind this fact is that the leaves get dry by the scorching heat of the summer and as a result they leave the branches automatically.
Question 25.
What are the main reasons that the ever-green forests are found in the western slopes of the Western Ghats?
Answer:
The evergreen forests are found in the western slopes of the Western Ghats because of the following reasons\:
1. The western slopes of the Western Ghats get heavy rainfall because they are on the leeward side of the Western Ghats and here the monsoon winds are very active.
2. The trees grown here do not have a distinct season of sheding leaves as the region is warm and wet throughout the year.
Question 26.
Point out the importance of the plant kingdom.
Answer:
The first form of life on the earth belongs to the plant kingdom. Plant kingdom developed the life system for the animal kingdom. Plants are the primary source that converts sunlight into foods. Plants not only add beauty to the nature but also provide oxygen to us. Without oxygen we can not live. Hence the plant kingdom is very important for us.
Question 27.
How the natural vegetation of Rajasthan can be conserved?
Answer:
The following steps may be taken to conserve the natural vegetation in Rajasthan:
1. Cultivated area should be increased by the irrigation facilities.
2. Indira Gandhi Nahar is fulfilling this purpose quite effectively.
3. The desert areas should be reduced by growing more and more trees and grasses so that sands do not expand more adjoining areas.
Question 28.
What is the reason that thorny type of vegetation is found in Rajasthan?
Answer:
Thorny type of vegetation which is composed of the trees like kikar, babul, khair, datepalm, scrubs and thorny bushes etc. are found mainly in Rajasthan. The main reasons behind this fact are the following:
1. Such type of vegetation is confined in areas .with less than 75 cm rainfall and Rajasthan is directly, this kind of area.
2. This type of vegetation have long roots so that they can thrive in a dry area like Rajasthan where underground water is found very deep.
Question 29.
What is meant by vegetation? How much ‘natural is the natural vegetation of India today?
Answer:
Vegetation is meant by the species of plants. India is very rich in vegetation. India is tenth in the world and fourth in Asia in plant diversity. There are more than 47000 plant species in India. More than 15,000 plants are flowering plants. Sarpagandha which is used to treat blood pressure is found only in India.
However, the most of the vegetal cover of India is no more natural. Natural vegetation is meant only by the plant community that has been left undisturbed over a long period. But in India except some inaccessible regions like the Himalayas and the desert, the vegetation has been destroyed or replaced or even degraded by human occupancy. Hence, they cannot be taken as natural vegetation anymore.
Question 30.
What is a biome ? State the number of biomes into which the land ecosystem is divided and also the basis for the grouping.
Answer:
Biome is meant by a very large ecosystem on land having distinct types of vegetation and animal life. Though the animals are included in the biomes mainly plant formations are used as the basis of their grouping.
The five principle biomes of the world may be listed in order of availability of soil, water and heat are:
1. forests
2. savana
3. grassland
4. desert
5. tundra.
Within a biome, much variation may be found in the assemblage of piant and animal species.
Bimoes are useful for studying the world patterns of vegetable cover.
Question 31.
Discuss how the relief and rainfall influence the distribution of natural vegetation in India.
Answer:
The relief and the rainfall surely influence the distribution of the natural vegetaion in India. These are actually the most important factors influencing the natural vegetation of an area. The plants occur in distinct groups in areas having similar climatic conditions and rainfall though such areas may be far from each other.
Question 32.
Describe the major vegtation zones of the Himalayan region.
Answer:
1. In the foothills of the Himalayas the tropical deciduous forests are found;
2. Between the height of 1000-2000 mtrs wet temperate type forests are found.
3. Between 1500-3000 mtrs, the evergreen broad-leave trees like oak and chestnuts are predominantly found.
4. The southern slopes of Himalayas are mostly covered by the temperate forests containing coniferous trees like pine, deodar, silver fur, spruce and cedar etc.
Question 33.
Mention the uses of forests.
Answer:
Forests are renewable resources and play a major role in enhancing the quality of environment. They modify local climate, control soil erosion, regulate stream flow, support a variety of industries, provide livelihood for many communities and offer panoramic or scenic view for. recreation. They control wind force and temperature and causes rainfall. They provide humus to the soil and shelter to the wild life. India’s natural vegetation has undergone many changes due to several factors such as the growing demand for cultivated land, development of industries and mining, urbanisation and over-grazing of pastures.
Question 34.
Distinguish between Moist Deciduous forests and Dry Deciduous forests.
Answer:
Moist Deciduous forests
1. These are the forests found in ithe areas with rainfall between 100-200 cm.
2. Teak is the most common tree of these forests.
3. These are mainly found in the eastern part of the country especially in the north-eastern states and. in the foot hills of Himalaya.
Dry Deciduous forests:
1. These are found in the areas with the rainfall of 70-100 cm.
2. These forests, have given way to thorn forests.
3. These are mainly found in Bihar, U. P. and Peninsular Plateau.
Question 35.
Distinguish between Extinct Species and Endangered Species.
Answer:
Extinct Species
1. These are the species of plants and animals not seen in the world any more. These have not been sighted during the last 6-10 decades.
2. In India about 20 species of plants have become extinct.
3. These cannot be protected any more or brought back.
Endangered Species
1. These are the species which are in the danger of getting extinct.
2. In India there are about 1300 endangered species of plant.
3. These can be protected and can be saved from being extinct.
Question 36.
Name two plants of each type of vegetation.
Answer:
(i) Tropical Rain plants: Ebony, rosewood.
(ii) Deciduous plants: Clair, Kasumi
(iii) throws-scrubs: Acacias, palms
(iv) Temperate Plant: Pine, spruce
(v) Alpine-Tundra: Junipers, pines
(vi) Tidal plants: Palm, agar
Question 37.
Which steps should be taken to preserve the natural vegetation?
Answer:
To preserve the natural vegetation following steps should be taken:
1. Cutting of the trees in the forests must be stopped. The government has taken adequate steps in this direction. Forest department has been created for this purpose. Laws have been implemented to punish the persons found in felling and cutting of the trees. However, awareness among the people is more important. Without this awareness desired results cannot be achieved.
2. The people must cooperate to check the felling of trees. They infact must take active part in this regard. Fortunately, many persons have come forward in this direction. Movements like (Chipko Andolan’ has been launched by the people themselves.
3. Necessary wood for industrial purposes and for other activities, must be taken in a planned manner. So that both purposes-industrial growth and environment protection-can be achieved.
4. Wherever the trees have been cut for whatever reason; new trees must be planted to maintain the ecological balance.
5. Functions like ‘Vanmahotsava’ should be celebrated everywhere, it would help in growing awareness.
6. 33% of the total land area must be brought under forest area.
Question 38.
Give a brief account of the wild life in India.
Answer:
The fauna in India is very rich and varied. It consists of a variety of fish, birds and animals including amphibians, reptiles, mammals, small insects and worms. In fact there are more than 89,000 species of wild life’in India.
1. The biggest of the mammals are the elephants. Elephants are mainly found in the jungles of Assam, Kerala and Karnataka.
2. Camels are mainly found in Rajasthan.
3. Wild asses are found in the Rann of Kachchh.
4. The rhinoceroses are found in marshy and swampy lands of Assam.
5. Lions are mainly found in Gir forest of Gujarat
6. Royal tigers are found in SundarbAnswer:
7. Leopards of various types are found in the Himalayan region.
8. The Himalayan ranges are the home of several other species like wild sheep, mountain goats, wild goats, the shew, the tapir and the snow leopard etc.
9. Various species of monkeys are also found in India.
10. In India buffaloes, Nilgiri Chouringha, gazel, deer etc.
11. A variety of birds are found in India. The chief among them are the peacocks, geese, pheasants, ducks, mynahs, pigeons, parrots, cranes, and also found hornbills and sunbirds etc.
Question 39.
Write short notes on the following:
(i) Indian flora
Answer:
Flora means the plants of a particular region or period. India has been known for its flora since ancient times. In Ayurveda at least 2000 kinds of flora has been described. There are about 15,000 flowering plants are found in India. In total, India has more than 47,000 plant species. The World Conservation Unions Red list has names of 352 medical plants found in India. The Rawvolfia which is used to treat blood pressure is found only in India. However more than 52 species have been identified as endangered.
(ii) Tropical rain forests
Answer:
These forests are found in the k rainy parts of the Western Ghats and also in ! the island groups of Lakshadweep and the ) Andaman and Nicobar. These forests are at their best in the areas having more than 200 cm of rainfall with a short dry season. In these types of forests, trees reach great height even upto 60 metres and more. Since the region is warm and wet throughout the year, it has luxuriant vegetation of all kinds like trees, shrubs and even creeper. These forests appear green the year.
Objective Type Questions
Question 1.
Put ( ✓) before the correct sentences and (✗) before the incorrect sentences:
(i) Humans are not the part and parcel of the ecosystem.
(ii) Sarpagandha is used for treatment of blood sugar.
(iii) There are about 15,000 flowering plants in India.
(iv) All plants and animals of an area are interdependent
(v) Nearly 40% of the total plant species of our country have come from outside India.
(vi) Tropical rain forests are restricted to tiie heavy rainy parts of the country.
(vii) The thorn forests are found in Andaman.
(viii) India has less than 10,000 animal species.
Answer:
(i) ✗
(ii) ✗
(iii) ✓
(iv) ✓
(v) ✓
(vi) ✓
(vii) ✗
(viii) ✗
Question 2.
Fill up the blanks with appropriate words:
(i) The Indian birds constitute % of the world’s total number of birds.
(ii) Like flora, India is also rich in its
(iii) Leopards are members of the family.
(iv) Yak is found in
(v) Ranathambhor is in
(vi) Flamingo is beautiful
Answer:
(i) 13
(ii) fauna
(iii) cat
(iv) Ladakh,
(v) Rajasthan
(vi) bird.
Question 3.
Choose the correct answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) The following is a tree found in tropical rain forests:
(a) mahogany
(b) shisham
(c) palms
(d) spruce.
Answer:
(a) mahogany
(ii) The following is a type of animal found in tropical rain forests:
(a) tiger
(b) elephant
(c) rabbit
(d) snow leopard
Answer:
(b) elephant
(iii) The following is the type of animal found in the Alpine and Tundra Vegetation:
(a) worms
(b) camels
(c) yaks
(d) turtles
Answer:
(c) yaks
(iv) The following type of timber is found in deciduous forests:
(a) Acacias
(b) silver fir
(c) ebony
(d) sandalwood
Answer:
(d) sandalwood
(v) There are the following number of national parkes in india:
(a) 89
(b) 90
(c) 91
(d) 92
Answer:
(a) 89