Haryana State Board HBSE 9th Class Social Science Solutions Economics Chapter 4 Food Security in India Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 9th Class Social Science Solutions Economics Chapter 4 Food Security in India
HBSE 9th Class Social Science Economics Food Security in India Intext Questions and Answers
(Page 43)
Food Security In India Class 9 Questions And Answers HBSE Question 1.
Some people say that the Bengal famine happened because there, was a shortage of rice. Study the table and find out whether you agree with the statement.
Answer:
Bengal famine occurred due to the increasing price of rice.
Class 9 Economics Chapter 4 Questions And Answers HBSE Question 2.
Which year shows a drastic decline in food availability?
Answer:
1940.
(Page 45)
Class 9 Economics Chapter 4 HBSE Question 1.
Why is agriculture a seasonal activity?
Answer:
Agriculture is a seasonal activity because it employs labor only during times of sowing transplanting and harvesting.
Class 9th Chapter 4 Economics HBSE Question 2.
Why is Rantu unemployed for about four months?
Answer:
Ramu works as a casual laborer in agriculture. Agriculture is a seasonal activity therefore he remains unemployed for about 4 months during the period of plant consolidation and maturing.
Question 3.
What does Ramu do when he is .unemployed?
Answer:
When he is unemployed he looks for work in other activities. Sometimes he gets employment in bricklaying or in construction activities in the village
Question 4.
Who are supplementing income in Ramu’s family?
Answer:
Ramu’s eldest son Somu and his wife Sundari are supplementing his income.
Question 5.
Why does Ramu face difficulty when he is unable to have work?
Answer:
Ramu and his family face difficulty when he is unable to work. Sometimes his kids have to sleep without food. He becomes food insecure during months when he remains unemployed.
Question 6.
When is Ramu food insecure?
Answer:
Ramu is food insecure because he is unemployed for 4 months.
Question 7.
Does Ahmad have a regular income from rickshaw-pulling?
Answer:
Ahmad’s income is not regular. His earnings fluctuate every day.
Question 8.
How does the yellow card help Ahmad ran his family even with small, earnings from rickshaw-pnlling?
Answer:
The yellow card of Ahmad is a PDS card for people below the poverty line; With this card, Ahmad gets a sufficient quantity of wheat, rice, sugar and kerosene oil for his daily use. He gets these essentials at half of the market price. He purchases his monthly stock during a particular day when the ration shop is opened for those below the poverty line. Thus, he is able to eke out his survival with less than sufficient earnings for his big family.
(Page 47)
Question 1.
Study graph 4.1 and answer the following questions:
Graph 4.1 Production of food-grains in India (million tonnes)
Answer:
(a) In the year 2003-2004.
(b) Between 1960 to 1970.
(c) No, it is not.
(Page 48)
Visit your areas Ration shop and get the following details.
1. When does the ration shop open?
2. What are the items sold at the ration shop?
3. Compare the prices of rice and sugar from die ration shop with die prices at any other grocery shop ? (for faimilies below poverty line)
4. Find out
Do you have a ration card ?
What has your family bought with this card from the ration shop?
Are there any problems that they face ? Why are ration shops necessary ?
Answer:
Students are requited to do it themselves.
Suggested Activity (Page 48)
Gather detailed information about some of the programmes initiated by the government, which have food component Discuss with your teacher.
Answer:
1. Rural wage employment programme.
2. Employment gurantee scheme.
3. Sampuma Grameen Rojgar- Yojana.
4. Mid day meal scheme.
5. Integrated child development services etc.
(Page 51)
Question 1.
Study die graph 4.2 and answer the Following questions:
Graph 4.2 Central roodgrains (wheat + rice) Stock and Minimum Buffer Norm (million tonnes)
(a) In which recent year food-grains stock with the government ivas maximum ?
(b) What is tihe minimum buffet stock norm for the FCI
(c) Why were the FGI granaries over-flowing With food-grains?
Answer:
(a) In July 2002.
(b) 24.3 million tonnes.
(c) Public distribution system, including the minimum support price and procurement has contributed to an “increase in food-grain production. It made FCI granaries to overflow.
(Page 53)
Question 1.
How is food security ensured in India?
Answer:
Indian government is trying to achieve self sufficiency in food-grains since independence. With the help of green revolution it succeeded in achieving it. Since 1970’s variety of crops are grown all over the country. The availability of food-grains at the country level has been further ensured with, a carefully designed food security system by the government. This system has two components:
(a) buffer stock and
(b) public distribution system.
(a) Buffer stock:
The stock of food grains procured by the government through Food Corporation of India is called as buffer stock: The FCI procures these food^grains from areas Where they are surplus. It purchases them from farmers at a pre-announced price. The government maintains buffer stock to distribute food grains in the deficit areas and among the poorer strata .of society at a price lower than the market, price. This also helps resolve the problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during the calamity.
(b) Public distribution system:
Supply of essential commodities by the govemment to the people is referred to as public distribution system. The food procured by the FCI is distributed through government regulated ration shops among the poorer section of the society. Ration shops are. also known as fair , price shops. These shops keep stock of food- grains, sugar, kerosene, oil for cooking. These items are sold to people at a.price lower than the market price.
Question 2.
Which are the people more prone to food insecurity?
Answer:
Although a large section of people suffer from food and nutrition insecurity in India, the worst affected groups are landless people with little or no land to depend upon, traditional artisans, providers of traditional services, petty self-employed workers and destitute including beggars. In the urban areas the food insecure families are those whose working members are generally employed in ill paid occupations and causal labours market. These workers are largely engaged in seasonal activities and are paid very low wages that just ensure bare survival.
Question 3.
Which states are most food insecure in India ?
Answer:
The food .insecure people are disproportionately large in some regions of the country, such as economically backward states with high incidences of poverty, tribal and remote areas, regions more prone, to natural disasters etc. In fact the state of Uttar Pradesh (eastern and southeastern parts), Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa,. West Bengal, Chattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra account for the largest number of food insecure people in the country.
Question 4.
Do you believe that green revolution has made India self-sufficient in food grains? How?
Answer:
In late 1960’s India adopted a new strategy in agriculture which resulted in the ‘green revolution’, especially in the production of wheat and rice. But the increase of food grains was, however, disproportionate. The highest rate of growth was achieved in Punjab and Haryana, where food-grain production jumped from 7.23 million tonnes in 1964-65 to reach an all-time high of 30.33 million tonnes in 1995¬96. Production in Maharashtra, Madhya . Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa and the northeastern states continued to stagger. Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh, on the other hand, recorded significant increases in rice yield.
Question 5.
A section of people in India are still without food. Explain?
Arts.
Although a large section of people suffers from food and nutrition insecurity in India, the worst affected groups are landless people with little or no land to depend upon, traditional artisans, providers of traditional services, petty self-employed workers and destitute including beggars. In the urban areas, the food insecure families are those whose working members are generally employed in ill-paid occupations and causal labors market. These workers are largely engaged in seasonal activities and are paid very low wages that just ensure bare survival.
Question 6.
What happens to the supply of food when there is a disaster or calamity?
Answer:
Due to a natural calamity, say draught, the total production of food-grains decreases. It creates a shortage of food in the affected areas. Due to a shortage of food, the prices go up. At high prices, some people cannot afford to buy food. If such calamity happens in very wide areas or is stretched over the longer time period, it may cause a situation of starvation. Massive starvation might take a turn of famine.
Question 7.
Differentiate between seasonal hunger and chronic hunger?
Answer:
Chronic hunger is a consequence of diets persistently inadequate in terms of quantity and/or quality. Poor people suffer from chronic hunger because of their very low income and in turn inability to buy food . even for survival. Seasonal hunger is related to cycles of food growing and harvesting. This is prevalent in rural areas because of the seasonal nature of agricultural activities and in urban areas because of casual labor, e.g., there is less work for casual construction labor during the rainy season. This type of hunger exists when a person is unable to get work for the entire year.
Question 8.
What has our government done to provide food security to the poor? Discuss any two schemes launched by the government.
Answer:
The Indian government is trying to achieve self sufficiency in. food grams since independence. With the help of the green revolution, it succeeded in achieving it. The green revolution has avoided famine even during adverse weather conditions. Since the 1970’s variety of crops are grown all over the country. The availability of food grains at the country level has been further ensured with a carefully designed food security system by the government. This system has two components:
(a) buffer stock
(b) public distribution system.
(a) Buffer stock – The stock of food grains procured by the government through Food Corporation of India is called as buffer stock. The FCI procures these food grains from areas where they are surplus. It purchases them from farmers at a pre-announced price. The government maintains buffer stock to distribute food grains in the deficit areas and among the poorer strata of society at a price lower than the market price. This also helps resolve the problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during the calamity.
(b) Public distribution system – The supply of essential commodities by the government to the people is referred to as public distribution system. The food procured by the FCI is distributed through government-regulated ration shops among the poorer section of society. Ration shops are also known as fair price shops. These shops keejp stock of food- grains, sugar, kerosene, oil for cooking. These items, are sold to people at a price lower than the market price.
Question 9.
Why is a buffer stock created by the government?
Answer:
Buffer stock is created to distribute food grains in the deficit areas and among the poorer strata of society at a price lower than the market price also known as the issue price.
Question 10.
Write notes on:
(a) Minimum support price
(b) Buffer stock
(c) Issue price
(d) Fair price shops
Answer:
(a) Minimum support price – It is aprice at which FCI purchases food grain from farmers. This price is pre-announced. to encourage farmers for raising the production of crops. The price is announced every year before sowing. MSP has raised the government.
(b) Buffer stock:
The stock of food grains procured by the government through Food Corporation of India is called as buffer stock. The FCI procures these food grains from areas where they are surplus. It purchases them from farmers at a pre-announced price. The government maintains buffer stock to distribute food grains in the deficit areas and among the poorer strata of society at a price lower than the market price. This also helps resolve the problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during the calamity.
(c) Issue price-It is the price at which the government distributes food- grains ‘ in the deficit areas and among the poorer strata of society. This price is lower than the market price.
(d) Fair price shops:
Indian government is trying to achieve self-sufficiency in food grains since independence. With the help of green revolution, it succeeded in achieving it. Since 1970’s variety of crops are grown all over the country. The availability of food grains at the country level has been further ensured with, a carefully designed food security system by the government. This system has two components:
(a) buffer stock and
(b) public distribution system.
(a) Buffer stock:
The stock of food grains procured by the government through Food Corporation of India is called as buffer stock: The FCI procures these food^grains from areas Where they are surplus. It purchases them from farmers at a pre-announced price. The government maintains buffer stock to distribute food grains in the deficit areas and among the poorer strata .of society at a price lower than the market, price. This also helps resolve the problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during the calamity.
(b) Public distribution system:
Supply of essential commodities by the government to the people is referred to as public distribution system. The food procured by the FCI is distributed through government-regulated ration shops among the poorer section of society. Ration shops are. also known as fair, price shops. These shops keep stock of food- grains, sugar, kerosene, oil for cooking. These items are sold to people at a.price lower than the market price.
Question 11.
What are the problems of the functioning of ration shops?
Answer:
The problems of functioning of ration shops are-
(i) The price of APL family is as high as the market price.
(ii) grains to open the market to earn profits.
(iii) Poor quality grains are sold at ration shops.
(iv) Irregular opening of shops.
(v) Unsold stocks of poor quality of grains are left. Thus a massive stockpile up with FQuestion increases maintenance costs.
Question 12.
Write a note on the role of co-oper-active in providing food and related items.
Answer:
The co-operatives are also playing an important role in food security in India, especially in the southern and western parts of the country. The cooperative societies set up shops to sell low-priced foods to poor people. For example, out of all fair price shops running in Tamil Nadu, around 94 percent are being run by co-operatives. In Delhi, Mother Dairy is making strides provision of milk and vegetables to toe consumers at a controlled rate decided by the government of Delhi.
Similarly, in Maharashtra, the Academy of Development Science (ADS) has facilitated a network of NGOs for setting up grain banks in different regions. ADS organizes training and capacity-building programs on food-security for NGOs. Grain Banks are now slowly taking shape in different parts of Maharastra. ADS efforts to set up Grain Banks, to facilitate replication through other NGOs and to influence the government’s policy on food security are thus paying rich dividends. The ADS Grain Bank program is acknowledged as a successful and innovative food security intervention.
HBSE 9th Class Social Science Economics Food Security in India Important Questions and Answers
Question 1.
What is food security?
Answer:
Food is as essential for living as air is for breathing. Food security means something more than getting two square meals.
Question 2.
Why food security is necessary?
Answer:
The poorest, section of society might be food insecure most of the time while persons above the poverty line might also be food insecure when the country faces a natural disaster like an earthquake, drought, flood, tsunami, or widespread failure of crops causing famine, etc.
Question 3.
How is food security affected during a calamity?
Answer:
Due to a natural calamity, total
Some Important Facts
1. Food security-Food security means availability/accessibility and affordability of food by every person of a country.
2. Buffer stock-Buffer stock is the stock of food grains, namely wheat and rice procured by the government through Food Corporation of India (FCI).
3. Minimum support price-The pre-announced price of crops by the government is called as minimum support price.
4. Public distribution System-Distribution of food procured by FCI is called as public distribution system.