Author name: Bhagya

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Hindi Solutions Vasant Chapter 3 हिमालय की बेटियाँ Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Hindi Solutions Vasant Chapter 3 हिमालय की बेटियाँ

HBSE 7th Class Hindi हिमालय की बेटियाँ Textbook Questions and Answers

लेख से

हिमालय की बेटियाँ के प्रश्न उत्तर HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 1.
नदियों को माँ मानने की परंपरा हमारे यहाँ काफी पुरानी है लेकिन लेखक नागार्जुन उन्हें और किन रूपों में देखते हैं?
उत्तर:
नदियों को माँ मानने की परंपरा भारतीय संस्कृति में अत्यंत पुरानी है। प्रायः ‘गंगा मैया, यमुना मैया’ कहा जाता है। इसके बावजूद लेखक नदियों को और भी कई रूपों में देखता है। वे रूप हैं-

• बेटी के रूप में: नागार्जुन नदियों को हिमालय पर्वत की बेटियों के रूप में देखता है।
• प्रेयसी के रूप में: कालिदास के मेघदूत का प्रसंग बताकर नागार्जुन इन्हें प्रेयसी का रूप देता है। वैसे नदियाँ समुद्र की प्रेयसियाँ हैं क्योंकि नदियाँ उसी की बाँहों में समाने को बेचैन रहती हैं।
• बहन के रूप में: अनेक कवियों ने भी नदियों का वर्णन बहन के रूप में किया है।

हिमालय की बेटियाँ पाठ के शब्दार्थ HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 2.
सिंधु और ब्रह्मपुत्र की क्या विशेषताएँ बताई
उत्तर:
सिंधु और ब्रह्मपुत्र स्वयं में कुछ नहीं है। दयालु हिमालय के पिघले दिल की एक-एक बूंद इकट्ठा होकर ये महानद बनी है। ये नदियाँ लुभावनी है।

हिमालय की बेटियां शब्दार्थ HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 3.
काका कालेलकर ने नदियों को लोकमाता क्यों कहा है?
उत्तर:
काका कालेलकर ने नदियों को लोकमाता इसलिए कहा है क्योंकि ये नदियाँ लोगों के लिए माता के समान पवित्र एवं कल्याणकारी है। इनमें ममता की भावना होती है।

हिमालय की बेटियाँ’ पाठ का सारांश HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 4.
हिमालय की यात्रा में लेखक ने किन-किन की प्रशंसा की है?
उत्तर:
हिमालय की यात्रा में लेखक ने इनकी प्रशंसा की है:

• गंगा-यमुना
• पौधों से भरी घाटियाँ
• उपत्यकाएँ
• विभिन्न प्रकार के पेड़।

लेख से आगे

हिमालय की बेटियाँ HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 1.
नदियों और हिमालय पर अनेक कवियों ने कविताएँ लिखी हैं। उन कविताओं का चयन कर उनकी तुलना पाठ में निहित नदियों के वर्णन से कीजिए।
उत्तर:
नदी पर कविता

नदी: कामधेनु

-त्रिलोचन

नदी ने कहा था: मुझे बाँधो
मनुष्य ने सुना और
तैरकर धारा को पार किया।
नदी ने कहा था: मुझे बाँधो
मनुष्य ने सुना और
सपरिवार धारा को
नाव से पार किया।
नदी ने कहा था: मुझे बांधो
मनुष्य ने सुना और
आखिर उसे बाँध लिया
बाँध कर नदी को
मनुष्य दुह रहा है
अब वह कामधेनु है।

हिमालय की बेटियां के शब्दार्थ HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 2.
गोपालसिंह नेपाली की कविता ‘हिमालय और हम’ पढ़िए। हिमालय को कवि किस रूप में प्रस्तुत करता है, उसकी तुलना प्रस्तुत पाठ के हिमालय वर्णन से कीजिए।
उत्तर:
हिमालय और हम-गोपाल सिंह नेपाली
[1] गिरिराज हिमालय से भारत का कुछ ऐसा ही नाता है।
इतनी ऊंची इसकी चोटी कि सकल धरती का ताज यही,
पर्वत-पहाड़ से भरी धरा पर केवल पर्वत राज यही,
अंबर में सिर, पाताल चरन
मन इसका गंगा का बचपन
तन वरन-वरन, मुख निरावरन
इसकी छाया में जो भी है, वह मस्तक नहीं झुकाता है।
गिरिराज हिमालय से भारत का कुछ ऐसा ही नाता है।।

[2] अरुणोदय की पहली लाली, इसको ही चूम निखर जाती,
फिर संध्या की आँतम लाली, इस पर ही झूम बिखर जाती।
इन शिखरों की माया ऐसी,
जैसा प्रभात संध्या वैसी,
अमरों को फिर चिंता कैसी,
इस धरती का हर लाल खशी से उदय-अस्त अपनाता है।
गिरिराज हिमालय से भारत का कुछ ऐसा ही नाता है।।

[3] हर संध्या को इसकी छाया, सागर सो लंबी होती है,
हर सुबह वही फिर गंगा की, चादर सी लंबी होती है।
इसकी छाया में रंग गहरा,
है दंश हरा, परदेश हरा,
हर मौसम है, संदेश भरा।
इसका पद-तल छूने वाला, वेदों की गाथा गाता है।
गिरिराज हिमालय से भारत का, कुछ ऐसा ही नाता है।।

[4] जैसा वह अटल, अविचल, वैसे ही हैं भारतवासी,
हैं अमर हिमालय धरती पर, तो भारतवासी अविनाशी।
कोई क्या हमको ललकारे
हम कभी न हिंसा से हारे
दु:ख देकर तुमको क्या मारे
गंगा का जल जो भी पी ले, वह दुःख में भी मुसकांता है।
गिरिराज हिमालय से भारत का, कुछ ऐसा ही नाता है।।

इस कविता में कवि बताता है कि हिमालय पर्वत पर्वतों का राजा है और उसका भारत के साथ विशेष संबंध है। इस पर्वत की चोटी विश्व भर में सबसे ऊँची है। यही कारण है कि यह इस पृथ्वी का ताज है। पहाड़ों से भरी हुई इस पृथ्वी पर हिमालय ही पर्वतों का राजा है। इस पर्वत का सिर आकाश में है तो इसके चरण समुद्र में हैं। सागर इसके चरण धोता है। इसी से गंगा नदी निकलती है जो इसके मन के समान है। इसका शरीर तो ढका हुआ है पर इसका मुख उपड़ा हुआ है। शरीर पर हरियाली ही इसका आवरण है। इस पर्वत की छाया में भारत देश है जो कभी किसी के सामने सिर नहीं झुकाता है। भारत का इस पर्वत के साथ विशेष नाता है।

हिमालय पर्वत इतना बड़ा है कि शाम के समय इसकी छाया समुद्र के समान बड़ी होती है। प्रात:काल होते ही गंगा नदी चादर के समान बहती दिखाई देती है। इसकी छाया गहरी होती है। देश-परदेश सभी जगह हरियाली छाई रहती है। प्रत्येक मौसम संदेश देता सा जान पड़ता है। इसके पैरों में बसा भारत वेदों की गाथा गाता रहता है अर्थात् वेदों की कहानी कहता है। पर्वतराज हिमालय से भारत का विशेष नाता है।

प्रात:काल जब सूर्य निकलता है तो उसकी पहली लालिमा इस हिमालय की चोटी को चूमकर ही निखरती है अर्थात् पहली किरण इसी पर पड़ती है। शाम के समय भी छिपते सूर्य की लाली इसी चोटी पर बिखर कर अपनी छटा दिखाती है। इन चोटियों की विशेषता ही कुछ ऐसी है कि यहाँ सवेरे और शाम का वातावरण एक समान प्रतीत होता है। यहाँ किसी प्रकार की चिंता की आवश्यकता नहीं है। इस पृथ्वी पर रहने वाला हर व्यक्ति इस सूर्य के उगने और छिपने अर्थात् सुख-दुःख को प्रसन्नतापूर्वक स्वीकार करता है। भारत का इस हिमालय के साथ विशेष प्रकार का रिश्ता है।

हिमालय की बेटियां सारांश HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 3.
यह लेख 1947 में लिखा गया था। तब से हिमालय से निकलनेवाली नदियों में क्या-क्या बदलाव आए हैं?
उत्तर:
हिमालय से निकलने वाली नदियाँ अब प्रदूषण का शिकार हो गई। गंगा और यमुना नदियाँ अब अपनी पवित्रता खो बैठी हैं।

हिमालय की बेटियां प्रश्न उत्तर HBSE 7th Class Hindi प्रश्न 4.
अपने संस्कृत शिक्षक से पूछिए कि कालिदास ने हिमालय को देवात्मा क्यों कहा है?
उत्तर:
हिमालय में देवताओं का वास है अतः कालिदास हिमालय को देवात्मा कहा है।

HBSE 7th Class Hindi हिमालय की बेटियाँ Important Questions and Answers

अति लघुत्तरात्मक प्रश्न

Himalaya Ki Betiyan Class 7 Solutions HBSE प्रश्न 1.
लेखक ने इस पाठ में किनका वर्णन किया है?
उत्तर:
लेखक ने इस पाठ में हिमालय से निकलने वाली नदियों का वर्णन किया है।

Himalaya Ki Betiyan Class 7 HBSE प्रश्न 2.
हिमालय पर्वत पर नदियों का रूप कैसा दिखाई देता है?
उत्तर:
हिमालय पर्वत पर नदियों का रूप दुबला-पतला दिखाई देता है।

प्रश्न 3.
नदियाँ कहाँ भागी जाती है?
उत्तर:
नदियाँ समुद्र की ओर भागी जाती हैं।

प्रश्न 4.
कौन-सी दो नदियाँ महानदों के रूप में समुद्र की ओर प्रवाहित होती रही हैं?
उत्तर:
सिंधु और ब्रह्मपुत्र।

प्रश्न 5.
हिमालय और समुद्र में क्या रिश्ता है?
उत्तर:
हिमालय और समुद्र में ससुर और दामाद का रिश्ता है।

प्रश्न 6.
काका कालेलकर ने नदियों को क्या कहा है?
उत्तर:
काका कालेलकर ने नदियों को ‘लोकमाता’ कहा है।

लघुत्तरात्मक प्रश्न

प्रश्न 1.
लेखक ने किन्हें हिमालय की बेटियाँ कहा है और क्यों?
उत्तर:
लेखक ने हिमालय से निकलने वाली नदियों को हिमालय की बेटियाँ कहा है। ये नदियाँ हिमालय से निकली है तथा इनका बचपन हिमालय की गोद में ही बीता है। अत: ये उसी की बेटियाँ हैं।

प्रश्न 2.
हिमालय पर चढ़कर लेखक ने नदियों का क्या रूप देखा?
उत्तर:
जब लेखक हिमालय के कंधे पर चढ़ा तब उसने देखा कि वहाँ ये नदियाँ दुबले-पतले रूप में थीं। वहाँ ये नदियाँ उछलती-कूदती, हँसती थीं। मैदान में उतरकर ये विशाल रूप धारण कर लेती हैं।

प्रश्न 3.
नदियाँ कहाँ भागी जाती हैं?
उत्तर:
नदियाँ पर्वत की गोद से निकल कर मैदानों (समतल) की ओर भागी जाती हैं, पर यहीं इनकी भाग-दौड़ समाप्त नहीं हो जाती। ये समुद्र से मिलने के लिए उसी की ओर भागी चली जाती हैं।

प्रश्न 4.
सिंधु और ब्रह्मपुत्र क्या हैं?
उत्तर:
सिंधु और ब्रह्मपुत्र दो महानद हैं। इन्हें नदी कहा जाता है। ये स्वयं में कुछ नहीं हैं। दयालु हिमालय के पिघले हुए दिल की एक-एक बूंद को इकट्ठा करके इन दोनों नदियों में जल-दान किया है। ये दोनों समुद्र की ओर प्रवाहित होती हैं।

प्रश्न 5.
कालिदास के विरही यक्ष ने क्या कहा था?
उत्तर:
विरही यक्ष ने मेघदूत से कहा था कि वेत्रवती (बेतवा) नदी को प्रेम का प्रतिदान देते जाना। तुम्हारी प्रेयसी तुम्हें पाकर बहुत प्रसन्न होगी।

हिमालय की बेटियाँ गद्यांशों की सप्रसंग व्याख्या

1. अभी तक ……………….. हो जाती है।

अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न:
1. लेखक ने अभी तक किन्हें दूर से देखा था?
2 दूर से वे कैसी लगती थी?
3. लेखक के मन में नदियों के प्रति कैसे भाव थे?
4. हिमालय के कंधे पर चढ़कर लेखक को क्या अनुभव हुआ?
उत्तर:
1. लेखक ने अभी तक हिमालय की बेटियों अर्थात् नदियों को दूर से देखा था।
2. दूर से ये नदियाँ एक संभ्रांत महिला के समान शांत प्रतीत होती थीं।
3. लेखक के मन में इन नदियों के प्रति आदर और श्रद्धा के भाव थे। वह उनकी धारा में डुबकियाँ लगाया करता था।
4. हिमालय के कंधे पर चढ़कर लेखक को पता चला कि वहाँ तो गंगा-यमुना, सतलुज आदि नदियाँ दुबली-पतली हैं, पर समतल मैदान में पहुंचकर इनका आकाश विशाल हो जाता है। उनके रूप में यह एक बड़ा परिवर्तन है।

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्न सही उत्तर चुनकर लिखिए

1. अभी तक लेखक ने नदियों को कैसे देखा था?
(क) पास से
(ख) दूर से
(ग) पहाड़ से
(घ) मैदान से
उत्तर:
(ख) दूर से

2. लेखक को नदियाँ कैसी लगती थीं?
(क) शांत
(ख) गंभीर
(ग) संभ्रांत महिला के समान
(घ) ये सभी रूप
उत्तर:
(घ) ये सभी रूप

3. लेखक नदियों की धारा में क्या करता था?
(क) डुबकियाँ लगाता था
(ख) नाव चलाता था
(ग) खेलता था
(घ) कुछ नहीं करता था
उत्तर:
(क) डुबकियाँ लगाता था

4. समतल मैदान में पहुँचकर नदियाँ कैसी हो जाती हैं?
(क) दुबली
(ख) पतली
(ग) विशाल
(घ) टेडी
उत्तर:
(ग) विशाल

2. कहाँ ये …………… क्या है?

अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न:
1, नदियों का हृदय कैसा प्रतीत होता है और यह कैसे पता चलता है?
2 नदियों का लीला निकेतन क्या है?
3. इन्हें कब बीती बातें याद करने का मौका मिलता होगा?
4. हिमालय का चित्रण किस रूप में किया गया है? वह क्या करता होगा?
उत्तर:
1. नदियों का हृदय अतृप्त प्रतीत होता है। इसका पता इससे चलता है कि अपने पिता (हिमालय) का प्यार पाकर भी ये बेचैन हैं और निरंतर आगे भागी जा रही हैं।
2. नदियों के लीला निकेतन हैं-बरफ जली नंगी पहाड़ियाँ, पौधों से भरी घाटियाँ, टेबललैंड हरी-भरी घाटियाँ।
3. ये नदियाँ जब खेलते-खेलते दूर निकल जाती हैं तब देवदार, चीड़, सरो, चिनार, सफेदा, कैल के जंगलों में पहुँच कर इन्हें बीती बातों को याद करने का मौका मिल जाता होगा।
4. हिमालय का चित्रण एक बूढ़े पिता के रूप में किया गया है। वह अपनी इन शैतान बेटियों (नदियों) के लिए अपना सिर धुनता होगा।

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्न सही उत्तर चुनकर लिखिए

1. कौन भाग रहा है?
(क) हिमालय
(ख) नदियाँ
(ग) मैदान
(घ) लेखक
उत्तर:
(ख) नदियाँ

2. ‘अतृप्त’ शब्द का अर्थ है
(क) असंतुष्ट
(ख) प्यासा
(ग) भरना
(घ) भूखा
उत्तर:
(क) असंतुष्ट

3. ‘बुड्ढा हिमालय’ में रेखांकित शब्द क्या है?
(क) संज्ञा
(ख) विशेषण
(ग) सर्वनाम
(घ) क्रिया
उत्तर:
(ख) विशेषण

4. हिमालय की बेटियाँ कैसी हैं?
(क) शांत
(ख) नटखट
(ग) तेज
(घ) गंभीर
उत्तर:
(ख) नटखट

3. जिन्होंने मैदानों …………………………… होती है।

अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न:
1, मैदान में इन नदियों के किस रूप की कल्पना करना कठिन है?
2 माँ-बाप की गोद में खेलने वाली बालिकाएं कौन हैं?
3. पहाड़ी आदमियों को क्या आकर्षक प्रतीत नहीं होता और क्यों?
4. गद्यांश में किसे ससुर और किसे दामाद कहा गया है और क्यों?
उत्तर:
1. मैदान में नदियों के उस रूप की कल्पना करना कठिन है कि ये बूढ़े हिमालय की गोद में बच्चियाँ बनकर कैसे खेला करती थीं।
2 माँ-बाप की गोद में खेलने वाली बालिकाएँ हिमालय पर्वत से निकलने वाली नदियाँ ही हैं।
3. पहाड़ों से निकलने वाली नदियों (बालिकाओं के समान) का रूप पहाड़ी आदमियों को आकर्षक प्रतीत नहीं होता।
4. गद्यांश में हिमालय को ससुर और समुद्र को दामाद कहा गया है। नदी हिमालय की पुत्री है और समुद्र में जा मिलती है।

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्न सही विकल्प चुनकर लिखिए

1. ‘बूढ़े हिमालय’ में रेखांकित शब्द क्या है?
(क) संज्ञा
(ख) सर्वनाम
(ग) विशेषण
(घ) क्रिया।
उत्तर:
(क) संज्ञा

2. इस पाठ के लेखक हैं
(क) नागार्जुन
(ख) मुकार्जन
(ग) नीलकंठ
(घ) अर्जुन
उत्तर:
(क) नागार्जुन

3. हिमालय की बेटियाँ कौन हैं?
(क) हिमालय से निकलने वाली नदियाँ
(ख) हिमालय की चोटियाँ
(ग) बालिकाएँ
(घ) समुद्र
उत्तर:
(क) हिमालय से निकलने वाली नदियाँ

4. काका कालेलकर ……………. हो गया।

अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न:
1. काका कालेलकर ने नदियों को क्या कहा है?
2 लेखक नदियों को और किन-किन रूपों में देखने को कहता है?
3. एक दिन लेखक की कैसी भावना हुई?
4. किस काम से लेखक का मन ताजा हो गया?
उत्तर:
1. काका कालेलकर ने नदियों को लोकमाता कहा है।
2. लेखक नदियों को बेटी, प्रेयसी, बहन के रूपों में भी देखने को कहता है।
3, एक दिन थो-लिङ् (तिब्बत) में लेखक का मन उचट गया, तबीयत ढीली थी।
4. लेखक सतलुज के किनारे बैठ गया। पैर लटका दिए। इससे तन-मन ताज़ा हो गया और वह गुनगुनाने लगा।

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्न सही उत्तर चुनकर लिखिए

1. नदी को लोकमाता किसने कहा?
(क) काका
(ख) कालेलकर
(ग) काका कालेलकर
(घ) नागार्जुन
उत्तर:
(ख) कालेलकर

2. कवियों ने नदियों को किसका स्थान दिया है?
(क) प्रेयसी का
(ख) बेटी का
(ग) बहन का
(घ) अन्य का
उत्तर:
(ग) बहन का

हिमालय की बेटियाँ Summary in Hindi

हिमालय की बेटियाँ पाठ का सार

इस पाठ में लेखक हिमालय पर्वत से निकलने वाली नदियों को उसकी बेटियाँ बताता है। अभी तक उसने इन्हें दूर से ही देखा था। उनके प्रति लेखक के मन में आदर-सम्मान का भाव था। एक बार जब वह हिमालय के कंधे पर चढ़ा तो उसे उनका भिन्न रूप सामने आया। हिमालय पर्वत पर गंगा-यमुना-सतलुज दुबली-पतली दिखाई देती है और मैदानों में पहुँचकर विशाल रूप धारण कर लेती हैं। इन नदियों की बाल लीला देखकर उसे आश्चर्य होता है। उसे ये नदियाँ भागती प्रतीत होती हैं।

पिता (हिमालय) का भरपूर प्यार पाकर भी ये अतृप्त बनी रहती हैं। लगता है ये अपने प्रियतम (समुद्र) से मिलने को बेचैन रहती हैं। ये घाटियों, उपजाऊ भूमि, तरह-तरह के वृक्षों के जंगलों में से गुजर जाती हैं। हो सकता है बूढ़ा हिमालय इन अपनी नटखट लड़कियों (नदियों) के सिर धुनता होगा। सिंधु और ब्रह्मपुत्र नदियों के ऐसे नाम हैं जिनके सुनते ही रावी, सतलुज, व्यास, चिनाव, झेलम, काबुल, कपिशा, गंगा, यमुना, सरय, गंडक, कोसी आदि नदियाँ बेटियों के रूप में सामने नाचने लगती हैं। वह समुद्र बड़ा भाग्यशाली है जिसे सिंधु और ब्रह्मपुत्र-दोनों बेटियों का हाथ पकड़ने का श्रेय मिला है। लेखक हिमालय को समुद्र (दामाद) का ससुर बताता है।

कालिदास के विरही यक्ष ने मेघदूत से कहा था-वेत्रवती (वेतवा) नदी को प्रेम का फल देते जाना. इससे तुम्हारी प्रेयसी खुश हो जाएगी। महाकवि को भी नदियों का सचेतक रूप पसंद था। काका कालेलकर ने नदियों को लोकमाता कहा है। लेखक का कहना है कि उन्हें बेटियों के रूप में देखने में कोई हर्ज नहीं है। इनमें प्रेयसी की भावना उत्पन्न करनी चाहिए। अनेक कवियों ने इन्हें बहन का स्थान दिया है। एक बार की बात है कि लेखक धो-लिङ् (तिब्बत) गया था। तब उसका मन उचाट था, तबीयत भी ढीली थी अत: वह सतलज नदी के पानी में पैर लटका कर बैठ गया। थोड़ी ही देर में उसका मन ताजा हो गया। वह गुनगुनाने लगा..

जय हो सतलज बहन तुम्हारी
लीला अचरज बहन तुम्हारी
हुआ मुदित मन हटा खुमारी
जाऊँ मैं तुम पर बलिहारी
तुम बेटी यह बाप हिमालय
चिंतित पर, चुपचाप हिमालय
प्रकृति नटी के चित्रित पट पर
अनुपम अद्भुत छाप हिमालय
जय हो सतलज बहन तुम्हारी!

हिमालय की बेटियाँ शब्दार्थ

अधित्यकाएँ (स्वी.) = पहाड़ के ऊपर की समतल भूमि, ‘टेबुललैंड’ (Table land)। उपत्यकाएँ (स्वी.) = पहाड़ के पास की जमीन, तराई, घाटी (Valley)। खुमारी = आलस (Lociness)। चित्रित = बना हुआ चित्र (Picuteri)। नटी = नृत्य करने वाली (Dancer lach)। प्रगतिशील = आगे की ओर बढ़ने वाला (Progressive)। प्रतिदान = बदले में (Inexchange)। प्रेयसी (स्त्री.)- प्रेमिका, पत्नी, प्रियतमा (Beloved)। बंधुर (पु.) – भाई (Brother)। बलिहारी (स्त्री) = निछावर होना (Offering) भाव-भंगी – हाव-भाव (Pasture)। मुदित – प्रसन्न (Happy)। विराट – बड़ा (Big)। विस्मय – आश्चर्य (Surprise)। संभ्रांत = अच्छे कुल का (Ofgood family)। सरसब्ज (वि.) = हराभरा, लहलहाता (Green)। प्रतीत = मालूम (Looks)। कौतूहल – जानने की इच्छा (Curiosity)। मौन = चुप (Silent)। श्रेय – यश (Credit)। जुदा-जुदा = अलग-अलग (Seperate)। सचेतन = जानदार, जागरुक (Conscious)। लुभावना = मनमोहन (Attracting)। अतृप्त = संतुष्ट न होना (Unsatisfier).

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class English Solutions An Alien Hand Chapter 10 An Alien Hand Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class English Solutions An Alien Hand Chapter 10 An Alien Hand

HBSE 7th Class English An Alien Hand Textbook Questions and Answers

An Alien Hand Class 7 Question Answer HBSE Question 1.
How does Tilloo manage to find his way to the ‘forbidden passage’?
Answer:
Tilloo was always curious to find the way to the forbidden passage. So one day he managed to take his father’s security card. He evaded his mother’s eyes and made way to the forbidden passage.

An Alien Hand Questions And Answers 7th Class Question 2.
What did Tilloo hope to see once he emerged from his underground home?
Answer:
When Tilloo emerged from his underground home he could not see the sun. He felt a strong hand that fell on his heavy shoulder. He was escorted back home to an anxious and angry mother.

An Alien Hand Class 7 HBSE Question 3.
Why did Tilloo’s father advise him not to try to reaeh the surface of the planet?
Answer:
Tilloo’s father explained that he worked on a surface where an ordinary person cannot survive because air is too thin to breathe in and temperature is too low. He explained that to go to the surface he should go well-equipped.

An Alien Hand Class 7 HBSE English Question 4.
What changes had occurred, which forced people to live in underground homes?
Answer:
Initially people lived on the surface but the times had changed. The very sun which provided them sustenence turned hostile. This change upset the balance of nature.

Comprehension Check

An Alien Hand Question Answer HBSE 7th Class Question 1.
Why was everyone in the Control Room greatly excited?
Answer:
The people were crowded in the control room because they were going to watch on the TV. screen. They were trying to watch the changing position of the star and the trajectory leading towards them.

An Alien Hand HBSE 7th Class Question 2.
Was the spacecraft manned or unmanned? How do you know it?
Answer:
The spacecraft was unmanned. On the computer, the activity was being watched. It was found that there was no living being on the craft. There were only instruments.

Question 3.
What did Number One and Number Two suggest should be done about the alien spacecraft?
Answer:
Number-one was in charge of defence. He, suggested that destroying the spacecraft was not wise. And it could be made unoperational only when it landed.

Number-two suggested that everything should be watched passively. It was wise not to reveal their existence by destroying the aircraft.

Question 4.
What do you think the mechanical hand was trying to do?
Answer:
Mechanical hand was coming out from . the spacecraft, and coming near the surface of the planet. It was trying to take the soil from the planet for investigation. Infact the whole operation was being carried out by the mechanical hand.

Question 5.
Tilloo pressed the red button and ‘the damage was done.’ What was the damage?
Answer:
When Tilloo pressed the button shrill whistle was produced. This led to a damage. The mechanical hand stopped working. The technicians had to repair it.

Question 6.
Where had the spacecraft come from?
Answer:
The spacecraft was being sent under the NASA’s Viking Mission. It was being sent to obtain images and samples of Martian surface in search of possible signs of life.

Question 7.
On which planet do Tilloo and his parents live?
Answer:
Tilloo and his parents lived on the planet earth. They lived beneath the surface of the earth under artificial conditions.

Exercises

Discuss the following topics in groups:
1. If you had to live in a home like Tilloo’s, what parts of life would you find most difficult? What compensations might there be?
Answer:
If I had lived in a home like Tilloo’s I would have found it very difficult. In such a life there would have been restriction and no freedom. I might not get place to play and my other activities.

But still the compensation which I might enjoy would be that there would be no pollution. Everyone will live an ordered life and no traffic jams. The joys of life will be limitless.

2. What, if anything, might drive mankind to make their homes underground?
Answer:
If under compelled forces of nature man is driven to make their homes underground, then life would be completely changed. The whole world will be joined by computer. It would be robot who would talk through satellites. The web cameras will became order of the day. The people will survive on tinned food and things will be very strange.

3. Do you think there is life on other planets? Can you guess what kind of people there may be on them? In what ways are they likely to be different from us?
Answer:
Though many space explorations are being carried out but still it is very difficult to imagine that there is life possible on other planets. The conditions suitable for life can be found on planet earth only. On planet Mars a few possibilities are dreamt of. If at all few lives can be found on other planets, then they would be aliens having different adaptations.

HBSE 7th Class English The Bear Story Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
“How often have you been told not to go that way?”
(а) Who said this to whom?
Answer:
Tilloo’s mother said this to Tilloo.

(b) What was ‘that way’?
Answer:
That way5 was an underground passage.

(c) Why did Tilloo want to go there?
Answer:
Tilloo wanted to go there as he wanted to know what lay at the end of that forbidden route.

Question 2.
“But alas that wasn’t to be!”
(a) What is ‘that’ referred to here?
Answer:
‘That’ means Tilloo’s anxiety to look forward to seeing the sun or the stars about which he had heard and read so much.

(b) Why was that not to be?
Answer:
That was not to be because invisible mechanical devices had already detected and photographed the small intruder and they had sent his pictures to central room and he was escorted back firmly to his mother.

Question 3.
What was the. function of the metal door? How did it open?
Answer:
The metal door’s function was to bar the entry to the underground passage. Tilloo slipped his father’s security (magic) card into a slot. The door opened noiselessly.

Question 4.
How did Tilloo’s father react when his mother was scolding him?
Answer:
Tilloo’s father pacified his mother and told if Tilloo was properly briefed, he would not do such a thing again.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

Tick (✓) the correct option:

Question 1.
What did Viking I and Viking 2 consist of?
(a) anorbiter
(b) a lander
(c) both ‘a’ and ‘b’
(c) none of these
Answer:
(c) both ‘a’ and ‘b’ ✓

Question 2.
When was Viking I lunched and when did it arrive at Mars?
(a) 20 August 1975,19 June 1976
(b) 9 September 1975,7 August 1976
(c) 20 November 1975,19 December 1976
(d) 7 August 1975,7 September 1976
Answer:
(a) 20 August 1975,19 June 1976 ✓

Question 3.
“But why does Daddy go there everyday?” Who said this to whom?
(а) Tilloo’s mother said this to Tilloo.
(b) Tilloo said this to Tilloo’s mother.
(c) Tilloo’s father said this to Tilloo.
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Tilloo said this to Tilloo’s mother. ✓

Question 4.
What is ‘Siesta’?
(a) a drink
(b) a soup
(c) short rest or nap after lunch
(d) shelter
Answer:
(c) short rest or nap after lunch ✓

Question 5.
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Tilloo’s father went everyday for work along underground passage.
(b) Tilloo could manage to open the door noiselessly.
(c) Tilloo looked forward to see the sun and the stars.
(d) Tilloo’s visit to the underground passage remained unnoticed.
Answer:
(d) Tilloo’s visit to the underground passage remained unnoticed. ✓

Question 6.
What does ‘Red Letter Day’ mean?
(a) Very hot day
(b) Very important day
(c) The letter that was red
(d) The day when no letters were received.
Answer:
(b) Very important day ✓

Question 7.
Who is the writer of the story?
(а) Dhan Gopal Mukeiji
(b) O. Henry
(c) Rudyard Kipling
(d) J.V. Narlikar
Answer:
(d) J.V. Narlikar ✓

Make Sentences

Use the following words in sentences of your own:
(i) instruments
(ii) non-interference
(iii) irresistible
(iv) disappointment
(v) briefing
(vi) excitement.
Answer:
(i) Instruments: Our principal has ordered new musical instruments for the school.
(ii) Non-interference: Things would have better be done if there would have been non-interference from the family members.
(iii) Irresistible: I had an irresistible desire to visit cultural show at IIT Mumbai.
(iv) Disappointment: To my disappointment, my best friend did not help me in my hours of need.
(v) Briefing: The journalist was briefing the incident to the press.
(vi) Excitement: The whole house was filled with excitement on the day of the wedding.

An Alien Hand Summary in English

Tilloo and his parents live beneath the surface of a planet under artificial conditions. He is always curious to know about the passage which his father follows. One day Tilloo get hold of father’s security card and walked upwards. There he was caught by the security guards who send him back.

Father briefed the necessity of his to go to the surface and the conditions which he prepared before going. Tilloo understand that the sun had upset the balance of nature and their superior technology had enabled them to survive. Now solar energy helped to generate needed energy.

Next day control room is full of excitement as all wish to know about the spacecraft leading towards them. The people were waiting for the announcement of the president. He announced that two spacecrafts were leading towards them. Victim1 of different scientists are taken. Number one does not suggest to make spacecraft unoperational unless it lands. Number two also feels that destroying will destroy their existence. Number three also wishes to keep the activities to the minimum.

Tilloo was happy as his father took him to the control room. Father had asked him to watch from distance but still Tilloo pressed the red buttons. This led to the failure of the technical buttons which took efforts and repair. NASA was happy to announce later that samples were being called up and examined.
The scientist gave negative signs of finding life on Mars.

An Alien Hand Summary in Hindi

सारांश टीलू और उसके माता-पिता एक ग्रह की सतह के नीचे कृत्रिम स्थितियों में रहते हैं। वह सदैव उस मार्ग स्थिति के बारे में जानने के लिए उत्सुक है जिसका उसके पिताजी अनुसरण करते हैं। एक दिन टीलू को अपने पिताजी का सुरक्षा का कार्ड मिल गया और उसे लेकर वह तल पर चला गया। वहाँ पर सुरक्षाकर्मी ने उसे पकड़ लिया और उसे वापस भेज दिया।

पिताजी ने नीचे वापस जाने की आवश्यकता व्यक्त की और उस स्थिति के बारे में उन्हें जाने से पहले तैयारी करनी पड़ती है। टीलू को समझ आ गई कि सूर्य ने सारे वातावरण को अस्त-व्यस्त कर दिया था और उनकी विशिष्ट प्रौद्योगिकी ने उन्हें जीवित रहने के लिए सहारा दिया था। अब सूर्य की ऊर्जा सहायक थी।

अगले दिन कंट्रोल रूम उत्साह से भरा हुआ है क्योंकि सब उस अंतरिक्षयान के बारे में जानना चाहते हैं जो उनकी तरफ आ रहा है। लोग अध्यक्ष की घोषणा का इंतजार कर रहे हैं। उसने घोषणा की कि दो अंतरिक्ष यान उनकी तरफ आ रहे हैं। अनेक वैज्ञानिकों के विचार लिए जाते हैं। सदस्य-एक अंतरिक्ष यान की कार्यवाही रोकने का सुझाव तब तक नहीं देता जब वह भूमि पर न आ जाए। दूसरा सदस्य महसूस करता है कि नष्ट करने से उनके जीवन के बारे का रहस्य खुल जाएगा। तीसरा सदस्य गतिविधियों को नियंत्रण में रखना चाहता है।

टीलू खुश था क्योंकि उसके पिताजी उसे कंट्रोल रूम में ले गए। पिताजी ने उसे दूर से देखने को कहा पर फिर भी टीलू ने लाल बटन दबा दिया। इससे यंत्र के बटन रुक गए और उसकी मरम्मत करने के लिए कदम उठाए गए। NASA यह घोषणा करके खुश था कि सैंपल का निरीक्षण किया जा रहा है।
वैज्ञानिकों ने मंगल ग्रह पर जीवन के नकारात्मक चिह्न दिए।

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class English Solutions An Alien Hand Chapter 7 Chandni Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class English Solutions An Alien Hand Chapter 7 Chandni

HBSE 7th Class English Chandni Textbook Questions and Answers

Comprehension Check

Chandni Question Answer Class 7 HBSE Question 1.
Why did Abbu Khan’s goats want to run away ? What happened to them in the hills ?
Answer:
Abbu Khan’s goats loved freedom. They had been tied to trees or poles. When they ran away, they got killed by an old wolf who lived in the hills.

Class 7 An Alien Hand Chapter 7 Question Answer HBSE Question 2.
Abbu Khan said, “No more goats in my house ever again.” Then he changed his mind. Why?
Answer:
He thought that he would live for only a few more years. He could live without goats. But the poor man felt lonely. He couldn’t do without pets. So he changed his mind.

Chandni Question Answers HBSE Question 3.
Why did he buy a young goat?
Answer:
He thought that young goat would stay much longer. The goat also start loving him and will never want to go to hills. The young goat he bought was as white as snow with gleaming eyes.

Chandni Lesson Class 7 HBSE Question 4.
Why did Chandni hate the rope round her neck?
Answer:Chandni hated the rope around her neck. She wished to go to beautiful hills and enjoy the cool breeze. She thought how lovely it would be to run across the green fields.

Chandni Class 7 Summary HBSE Question 5.
“Now Abbu Khan understood Chandni’s problem.” What was Chandni’s problem?
Answer:
Abbu Khan could understand that Chandni had grown thin and lost appetite. She wanted to enjoy the hill tops bathed in sunlight. Abbu Khan understood that Chandni wanted to go to the hills.

Chandni Class 7 Question Answer HBSE Question 6.
Abbu Khan pushed Chandni into a small hut. This shows that he:
(i) was cruel.
(ii) loved her and wanted to save her life.
(iii) was selfish.
Answer:
(ii) loved her and wanted to save her life.

Class 7 English Chandni Question Answer HBSE Question 7.
Why did Chandni refuse to join the group of wild goats ?
Answer:
Chandni was very happy to be free from the prison of Abbu Khan. She wanted to enjoy her new freedom all by herself. So she refused to join the groups of wild goats.

Class 7 English Chapter 7 Chandni HBSE Question 8.
Chandni fouglit the wolf because she
(i) was stronger than the wolf.
(ii) hated the wolf.
(iii) had to retain her freedom at all costs.
Answer:
(iii) had to retain her freedom at all costs.

Exercises

Discuss the folowing topics in groups:
1. Why did the wise old bird say, “Chandni is the winner” ?
Answer:
The wise old bird said, Chandni is the winner because though Chandni was small but was not coward. Chandni stood firm on her legs and was a picture of courage. She behaved like a brave soldier. She had put up a good fight.’Though in the end she lost, still she had at least faced the wolf.

2. “Death in an open field is better than life in a small hut,” Chandni said to herself. Was it the right decision ? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
Feedom is always better than dictatorship. Chandni might have survived in the small hut but would not have remained happy. So it is a must that one should enjoy life till she survives.

So decision of Chandni was correct in one sense that she did not want to be bowed before others. She wanted to keep her head high. But at the same time into feel sad over her end.

3. Freedom is life. Discuss this with reference to Chandni and I Want Something in a Cage.
Answer:
Freedom is life. Ever since man has been born on this earth, man craves for freedom. If a bird is kept in the cage and tied with golden chains. Such a bird will not feel happy but would rather grow thin and sad. The bird who can fly upto the limits of sky will make its spirits soar. In the same way for Chandni freedom is life. Even if she knows that she might be killed but still she yearns for green hills and sun bathed tops. One cannot bow before anyone at the cost of freedom.

HBSE 7th Class English Chandni Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Write three characteristics of Abbu Khan’s goats.
Answer:
Abbu Khan’s goats were of the best hill breed. They loved their freedom. They hated being tied to trees or poles.

Question 2.
Which mystery Abbu Khan could not solve?
Answer:
Abbu Khan could not solve the mystery why his goats ran away from his hut to get freedom which only meant death for them.

Question 3.
Describe the young goat that Abbu Khan bought.
Answer:
The young goat that Abbu Khan bought was very pretty. She was white as snow and had two little horns on her little head, and a pair of gleaming red eyes. She had a friendly temperament. ’

Question 4.
What kind of relationship did Abbu Khan and Chandni have?
Answer:
Abbu Khan and Chandni had a friendly relationship. Chandni would listen to Abbu Khan’s tales with a lot of interest and affection. Abbu Khan loved Chandni and would narrate to her stories of all his friends who were dead and gone.

Question 5.
“Alas! he was mistaken again here.”
(а) What does ‘he’ refer to ?
Answer:
‘he’ refers to Abbu here.

(b) Why was he mistaken again ?
Answer:
He was mistaken again because he believed that Chandni would never leave his compound for the free and fresh air of the hills. But Chandni also ran like other goats.

Question 6.
“Why do you want to leave me Chandni ?”
(a) Who said this ?
Answer:
Abbu Khan said this.

(b) Who was Chandni ?
Answer:
Chandni was Abbu Khan’s young goat.

(c) Why did Chandni want to leave him ?
Answer:
Chandni wanted to leave him because she wanted to go to the hills and enjoy the freedom. She did not like being tied by ropes.’

Question 7.
How did Abbu Khan try to- stop Chandni to go to the hills ?
Answer:
Abbu Khan tried to stop Chandni to go to the hills in the following manner:
(a) He warned her against the presence of a dangerous wolf in the hills.
(b) When he found Chandni adament of going to the hills, he trapped her in a small hut and did not allow her to move freely in the compound.

Question 8.
How did Chandni escape from the small hut ?
Answer:
Abbu Khan pushed Chandni into a small hut and shut the door. He, however, forgot to close the small window at the back. Chandni escaped through that small window.

Question 9.
Was Chandni ungrateful ?
Answer:
Yes, Chandni was ungrateful because Abbu Khan loved her so much. He gave her good food to eat and would narrate her stories of all his friends. He also promised to give her tasty foods.

Question 10.
Do you think Chandni should have agreed to Abbu Khan and not run away to the hills ?
Answer:
Chandhi should have agreed to Abbu Khan and not run away to the hills. I understand that freedom is life but knowing this that wolf would kill her; she still ran to the hills. She did not even consider Abbu Khan’s promise of gr lg her tastier food and a much longer rope.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

Tick (✓) the correct option:

Question 1.
Where did the old man live ?
(a) Almora
(b) Allahabad
(c) Kanpur
(d) Aurangabad
Answer:
(a) Almora ✓

Question 2.
What names did he give to goats ?
(a) Kalua
(b) Moongia
(c) Gujri
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these ✓

Question 3.
Why was Abbu Khan little unlucky in the matter of his goats ?
(a) His goats quarelled with each other.
(b) One of the goats would pull at the string and disappeared in the hills.
(c) Ilis goats became sick.
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(b) One of the goats would pull at the string and disappeared in the hills. ✓

Question 4.
‘And he laughed with joy.’ When did Abbu Khan laugh with joy ?
(a) When he bought an old goat for himself.
(b) When he bought a young goat for himself.
(c) When wolf was died.
(d) None of the above.
Answer:
(b) When he bought a young goat for himself. ✓

Question 5.
That day Chandni played for hours on the slopes of the hills.
(a) thorny
(b) rocky
(c) grassy
(d) flowery
Answer:
(c) grassy ✓

Question 6.
When Chandni reached the hills, it seemed to her that
(a) she had made a wrong decision.
(b) the old hills were standing in a row to welcome her.
(c) wolf would eat her.
(d) she could fight with wolf and win it.
Answer:
(b) the old hills were standing in a row to welcome her. ✓

Question 7.
Who is the author of “Chandni?”
(a) Zakir Husain
(b) Dhan Gopal Mukerji
(c) O. Henry
(d) Rudyard Kipling
Answer:
(a) Zakir Husain ✓

Make Sentences

Use the following words in sentences of your own:
(i) unfortunate
(ii) struggle
(iii) thought
(iv) disappeared
(v) anguish
(vi) appetite
(vii) annoyed
(viii) treacherous
Answer:
(i) Unfortunate: Ramesh was so unfortunate that not only incurred losses in business but also met with an accident.
(ii) Struggle: Many leaders lost their lives in freedom struggle for India.
(iii) Thought: I thought of a clever plan to solve the problem.
(iv) Disappeared: The rainbow suddenly disappeared from the sky.
(v) Anguish: Somya’s parents could understand the reason for Somya’s anguish and pacified her.
(vi) Appetite: After the jaundice, my friend has lost, his appetite.
(vii) Annoyed: Manan’s father is very annoyed with him because he got very less marks in his test.
(viii) Treacherous: These days, most of the friendships are based on treacherous relationships.

Chandni  Summary in English

Once a man named Abbu Khan lived in Almora. He lived all alone except kept goats as pets. He trained goats as his children. He put a string around neck of each goat. The goats pulled the string and disappeared beyond hills. These goats were killed by the old wolf. One day when all goats left him, he felt sad. He thought that now he would not keep pets but still he decided to keep a young goat Chandni. But now he was mistaken. The young goats also wanted to go to the hills and enjoy the hills. Abbu Khan wanted to stop Chandni by keeping in the hut but still Chandni ran away.

She came across the wolf, who siezed with her. Chandni stood on her legs and behaved like a brave soldier. It was a good fight. Though Chandni was defeated and killed but still she is a winner.

Chandni Summary in Hindi

किसी जमाने में अल्मोड़ा में अब्बू खान नामक एक व्यक्ति रहता था। वह अकेला रहता था सिवाए पालतू जानवरों के रूप में बकरियों के। वह बकरी को अपना बच्चा मानता था। वह हर बकरी के गले में रस्सा डाल कर रखता था। बकरी रस्सा खींचकर पहाड़ी पर गायब हो जाती थी। इन बकरियों को भेड़िया मार देता था। जब सारी बकरियाँ उसे छोड़कर चली गईं तो उसे बहुत दुःख हुआ। उसने सोचा कि अब वह पालतू जानवर नहीं रखेगा पर फिर भी उसने एक युवा बकरी चाँदनी को रखने की सोची। पर यह भी भूल हो गई। वह युवा बकरी भी पहाड़ी पर जाकर पहाड़ी का मजा लेना चाहती थी। अब्बू खान चाँदनी को रोकना चाहता था। पर चाँदनी झोपड़ी से भी भाग गई।

वह भेड़िए के पास आई और उससे लड़ाई के लिए तैयार हो गई। चाँदनी अपनी टाँगों पर खड़ी होकर बहादुर सिपाही की तरह व्यवहार करने लगी। यद्यपि चाँदनी हार गई और मर गई फिर भी वह विजेता बनी रही है।

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class English Solutions An Alien Hand Chapter 6 I Want Something in a Cage Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class English Solutions An Alien Hand Chapter 6 I Want Something in a Cage

HBSE 7th Class English I Want Something in a Cage Textbook Questions and Answers

I Want Something in a Cage In Hindi HBSE 7th Class Question 1.
Write True and False against each of the following statements:
(i) Mr Purcell sold birds, cats, dogs and monkeys. [ ]
(ii) He was very concerned about the well-being of birds and animals in his shop. [ ]
(iii) He was impressed by the customer who bought the two doves. [ ]
(iv) He was a successful shopowner, though insensitive and cold as a person. [ ]
Answer:
(i) Mr Purcell sold birds, cats, dogs and monkeys. [True]
(ii) He was very concerned about the well-being of birds and animals in his shop. [False]
(iii) He was impressed by the customer who bought the two doves. [False]
(iv) He was a successful shopowner, though insensitive and cold as a person. [True]

I Want Something in a Cage Summary In Hindi HBSE 7th Class Question 2.
Why is Mr. Purcell compared to an owl?
Answer:
Mr. Purcell has been compared to an owl because the way he looked through the glasses gave him an appearance of an owl.

I Want Something in a Cage HBSE 7th Class Question 3.
From the third paragraph pick out:
(i) words associated with cries of birds.
Answer:
Whispered, twitters, shy, rustling, squeals, cheeps and sudden squeaks.

(ii) words associated with noise.
Answer:
Scampered, frantic, frightened.

(iii) words suggestive of confusion and fear.
Answer:
Bewildered and blindly seeking.

I Want Something in a Cage Question Answer HBSE 7th Class Question 4.
Mr Purcell heard it no. more than he would have heard the monotonous ticking of a familiar clock.
(i) What does ‘it’ refer to?
Answer:
It refers to the chirping and squealing and mewing all around him.

(ii) Why does Mr Purcell not hear ‘it’ clearly?
Answer:
The sounds are all vibrating around him which he cannot hear clearly.

Comprehension Check

Question 1.
Do you think the atmosphere of Mr Purcell’s shop was cheerful or depressing? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
Atmosphere around the shop of Mr. Purcell was very monotonous. The shop was filled with frantic circles and frightened voices. The owner of the shop showed the least reaction to the entering of the customer and reacted in an indifferent manner.

Question 2.
Describe the stranger who came to the pet shop. What did he want?
Answer:
The stranger who come inside the shop was wearing a cheap ill-fitting suit. He had a shuttling glance and close-cropped hair.

Question 3.
(i) The man insisted on buying the doves because he was fond of birds. Do you agree?
Answer:
The man did not insist on buying doves because he was not fond of birds but instead he wanted doves to make them realize the importance of freedom. He himself loved freedom and wished to experience it.

(ii) How had he earned the five dollars he had?
Answer:
The man had earned five dollars in a long period of ten years hard labour. He had earned fifty cents a year.

Question 4.
Was the customer interested in the care and feeding of the doves he bought? If not, why not?
Answer:
The customer did not interested in the care and heeding of the doves because he set them free.

Exercises

Discuss the following topics in groups:
1. Why in your opinion did the man set the doves free?
Answer:
The men set the doves free because it is possible that he might have been imprisoned and he values freedom more than anything else. It was this love for freedom which inspired him to spend his hard earned money on buying of the doves. After buying the doves, he did not even pause for a moment to set the doves free.

2. Why did it make Mr. Purcell ‘feel vaguely insulted’?
Answer:
Mr. Purcell felt vaguely insulted as he had made a quick calculation and given the pair of doves at a good discount. He failed to understand why the man who had bargained for the best pair had set them free.

HBSE 7th Class English I Want Something in a Cage Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
How did Purcell earn his living?
Answer:
Mr. Purcell ran a pet shop. He sold cats, dogs, monkeys and birds. He also sold fish food and bird seed. He also prescribed remedies for the sick animals.

Question 2.
Describe one of daily habits of Purcell.
Answer:
Purcell would perch on a high stool behind the counter. He would read all the columns of morning newspaper. He did not leave even the columns like advice to the lovelorn and the columns of advertisements. .

Question 3.
“You mean-some sort of pet?”
(а) Who said this to whom?
Answer:
Mr. Purcell said this to strange customer.

(b) Why did he ask this?
Answer:
He asked this because the customer did not clear what he wanted. He just told he wanted something in cage.

Question 4.
“I have some very nice white rats.”
(а) Who said this to whom?
Answer:
Mr. Purcell said this to the strange customer.

(b) Why did he say this?
Answer:
He said this because the customer told him that he wanted something in a cage which is small.

Question 5.
“I mean all this caged stuff”. Drives you crazy doesn’t it?”
(а) Who said this to whom?
Answer:
The customer said this to Mr. Purcell.

(b) Why did he say this?
Answer:
He said this because the continuous noise of pets bewildered him.

Question 6.
“From the first instance he knew instinctively, unreasonably, that the man hated him”.
(а) Who is ‘he’ here?
Answer:
‘He’ is Mr. Purcell here.

(b) Why did the man hate him?
Answer:
The man hated him because he saw many birds in cages and he hated being imprisoned.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

Tick (✓) the correct option.

Question 1.
Mr. Purcell owns a shop.
(а) pet
(b) garment
(c) textile
(d) grocery
Answer:
(а) pet ✓

Question 2.
Which of the following statements is not true?
(a) The strange customer rang the bell before entering the shop.
(b) The customer w anted birds who could not fly.
(c) Purcell did not intend to sell any bird to the customer.
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these. ✓

Question 3.
What price did Mr. Purcell ask for the doves?
(a) fifty-five dollars
(b) fifty dollars
(c) forty-five dollars
(d) five dollars.
Answer:
(a) fifty-five dollars ✓

Question 4.
Which of the following birds did the customer choose?
(a) pigeons
(b) parrots
(c) crows
(d) doves
Answer:
(d) doves ✓

Question 5.
How much did the stranger earn per year in jail?
(a) five dollars
(b) fifty cents
(c) fifty dollars
(d) fifty-five cents
Answer:
(b) fifty cents ✓

Question 6.
“They give you five dollars and a cheap suit; and tell you not to get caught again.” Who are They’ referred to here?
(a) the shopkeepers
(b) the police authorities
(c) the customers
(d) none of these
Answer:
(b) the police authorities ✓

Question 7.
Which of the following words means ‘generously’?
(a) snowy
(b) crestfallen
(c) differently
(d) magnanimously
Answer:
(d) magnanimously ✓

Question 8.
What does ‘snapped’ mean?
(a) shuttling glance
(b) said angrily
(c) moved unsteadily
(d) obviously
Answer:
(a) shuttling glance ✓

Make Sentences

Use the following words in sentences of your own:
(i) displayed
(ii) whispered
(iii) magnified
(iv) advertisements
(v) presence
(vi) surprised
Answer:
(i) Displayed: The shopkeeper displayed all the selected designs of dresses in the show- window.
(ii) Whispered: I whispered the secret into my friend’s ear.
(iii) Magnified: The cell gives a magnified image of the object.
(iv) Advertisements: These days the companies depend upon advertisements for the sale of their products.
(v) Presence: The presence of moisture in the atmosphere is eseential for rainfall.
(vi) Surprised: The foreigners were surprised to see the beauty of the Taj Mahal.

I Want Something in a Cage Summary in English

Mr. Purcell owns a pet shop. He sold all kinds of pets as cats, dogs and monkeys. A constant stir of movement prevailed his shop. Twitters, squeals, covered the shop. Each morning he saw on a high stool to read the morning paper and whenever the customer entered, he glanced up.

The customer, who entered the shop had close-cropped hair. Mr. Purcell showed more concern about the weather. The customer asked Mr. Purcell for something in a cage, that flies. Mr. Purcell asked for a high bill which customer found difficult to pay. Finally he paid five dollars which he earned through great labour of ten years. Mr. Purcell wanted to give him advise about the care and feeding of his doves.

Bur Mr. Purcell was surprised to watch the customer half outside and draw out one of the doves. He drew out the second and tossed it after the first. Mr. Purcell could not understand that why had the man set the doves free.

I Want Something in a Cage Summary in Hindi

श्रीमान् पर्सेल की एक पालतू जानवरों की दुकान है। वह हर तरह के पालतू जानवर जैसे बिल्ली, कुत्ते और बंदर रखता है। हर समय लगातार कोई-न-कोई गतिविधि उसकी दुकान को घेरे रखती थी। हर तरह की आवाजें वहाँ से आती रहती थीं। हर सुबह वह ऊँचे स्टूल पर बैठकर अखबार पढ़ता और जब भी कोई ग्राहक आता तो वह नजरें उठाकर ऊपर देखता।

ग्राहक जो अंदर आया, उसके बाल छोटे-छोटे कटे थे। श्रीमान् पर्सेल मौसम के बारे में बहुत चिंतित थे। ग्राहक ने श्रीमान् पर्सेल से कुछ ऐसा माँगा जो उड़ सके। श्रीमान् पर्सेल द्वारा माँगे पैसे वह देने में समर्थ न था। अंत में उसने पाँच डालर दिए जो उसने दस साल की मेहनत से कमाए थे। श्रीमान् पर्सेल उसे कबूतर को खिलाने और देख-रेख के बारे में बताना चाहते थे पर श्रीमान् पर्सेल ग्राहक का रवैया देखकर हैरान रह गए।

उस ग्राहक ने कबूतर का जोड़ा निकाल कर हवा में उड़ा | दिया। श्रीमान् पर्सेल समझ नहीं पा रहे थे कि उस व्यक्ति ने कबूतर | को आजाद क्यों कर दिया।

Haryana State Board HBSE 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Ex 7.2 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Ex 7.2

Question 1.
Find the co-ordinates of the point which divides the join of (- 1, 7) and (4, – 3) in the ratio 2 : 3.
Solution :
Let P(x, y) be the required point By section formula co-ordinates of P are

⇒ x = 1, y = 3
Hence, the co-ordiantes of required point are (1, 3).

Question 2.
Find the co-ordinates of the points
Solution :
Let P and Q be the points of trisection of AB.
i.e., AP = PQ = QB
Let AP = PQ = QB = K

PB = PQ + QB = 2K
AP + PQ = 2K
∴ AP : PB = K : 2K = 1 : 2
and, AQ : QB = 2K : K = 2 : 1.
Therefore, P divides AB in the ratio 1 : 2.
By section formula the co-ordinates of P are

So, the co-ordinates of p are (2, – \(\frac{5}{3}\))
Now, Q divides AB in the ratio 2 : 1.
By section formula, co-ordinates of Q are

So, the co-ordinates of Q are (0, – \(\frac{7}{3}\))
Hence, co.-ordmates of trisection are (2, \(\frac{5}{3}\)) and (0, – \(\frac{7}{3}\))).

Question 3.
To conduct sports day tivities in your rectangular shaped school ground ABCD, lines have been drawn with chalk powder at a distance of 1 m each. 100 flower pots have been placed at a distance of 1 m from each other along AD, as shown in figure.

Niharika runs th the distance of AD on the 2nd line and posts a green flag. Preet runs th the distance AD on the eighth line and posts a red flag. What is the distance between both the flags ? If Rashmi has to post a blue flag exactly half way between the line segment joining the two flags, where should she post her flag?

Solution:
From the figure taking A as origin (0, 0), x-axis along AB and y-axis along AD, we will determine the co-ordinates of the green flag and red flag.
Now, the green flag in 2nd line and its distance parallel to AD.
AD = \(\frac{1}{4}\) × 100 = 25 m.
So, the co-ordinates of green flag are (2, 25), we mark this position as G.
Similarly, co-ordinates of red flag = (8, 20), we mark this position as R.
Now,the distance between G and R = \(\sqrt{(8-2)^2+(20-25)^2}\)
= \(\sqrt{(6)^2+(-5)^2}\)
= \(\sqrt{36+25}\)
= \(\sqrt{61}]\)
Position of the blue flag is the mid point of GR.
Co-ordinates of blue flag = \(=\left(\frac{2+8}{2}, \frac{25+20}{2}\right)\)
= \(\left(\frac{10}{2}, \frac{45}{2}\right)\)
= (5, 22.5)
It means that blue flag is in the 5th line and at a distance of 22-5 m along the direction parallel to AD.
Hence, distance between G and R = \(\sqrt{61}]\) m, and blue flag in 5th line at a distance of 22.5 m.

Question 4.
Find the ratio in which the line segment joining the points (- 3, 10) and (6, – 8) is divided by (- 1, 6).
Solution :
Let the required ratio be m₁ : m₂
By section formula, we have

Now, \(\frac{6 m_1-3 m_2}{m_1+m_2}\) = – 1
⇒ 6m₁ – 3m₂ = – m₁ – m₂
⇒ 6m₁ + m₁ = 3 m₂ – m₂
⇒ 7m₁ = 2m₂
⇒ \(\frac{m_1}{m_2}=\frac{2}{7}\)
⇒ m₁ : m₂ = 2 : 7
Hence, the required ratio is 2 : 7.

Question 5.
Find the ratio in which the line segment joining A(1, – 5) and B(- 4, 5) is divided by the x-axis. Also find the coordinates of the point of division.
Solution :
Let the required ratio be k : 1.
By section formula, we have

Since, point lies on x-axis, so its ordinate is zero.
0 = \(\frac{5 k-5}{k+1}\)
5k – 5 = 0
k = \(\frac{5}{5}\) = 1
So, the required ratio is 1 : 1.
Putting the value of k we get co-ordinates of the point of division.

y = 0
Hence, required ratio = 1: 1 and co-ordinates of the point of division = (- \(\frac{3}{2}\), 0).

Question 6.
If (1, 2), (4, y), (x, 6) and (3, 5) are the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order, find x and y.
Solution :
Let given vertices of a parallelogram be A(1, 2), B(4, y), C(x, 6) and D(3, 5). Join AC and BD.
We know that diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other

So, O is the mid point of AC as well as that of BD.
Co-ordinates of mid point of AC = Co-ordinates of mid point of BD.

1 + x = \(\frac{7 \times 2}{2}\) and y + 5 = 8
x = 7 – 1 and y = 8 – 5
x = 6 and y = 3
Hence, x = 6 and y = 3

Question 7.
Find the co-ordinates of a point A, where AB is the diameter of a circle whose centre is (2, – 3) and B is (1, 4).
Solution :
Let the co-ordinates of point A be (x, y).
∵ O is the mid point of AB

Co-ordinates of O are 2 = \(\frac{x+1}{2}\) and – 3 = \(\frac{y+4}{2}\)
⇒ 4 = x + 1 and – 6 = y + 4
⇒ 3 = x and – 10 = y
⇒ x = 3, and y = – 10
Hence, co-ordinates of point A are (3, – 10).

Question 8.
If A and B are (- 2, – 2) and (2, – 4), respectively, find the co-ordinates of P such that AP = \(\frac{3}{7}\) AB and P lies on the line segment AB.
Solution :
Let the co-ordinates of P be (x, y), we have
AP = \(\frac{3}{7}\) AB
AP + PB = AB

By section formula, the co-ordinates of point P are

Hence, co-ordinates of P are \(\left(-\frac{2}{7},-\frac{20}{7}\right)\).

Question 9.
Find the co-ordinates of the points which divide the line segment joining A(- 2, 2) and B(2, 8) into four equal parts.
Solution:
Let P, Q, R be three points that divides the line segment joining A(- 2, 2) and B(2, 8) in four equal parts.

Since Q is the mid point of AB.
Therefore, co-ordinates of point Q are \(\left(-\frac{2+2}{2}, \frac{2+8}{2}\right)\) i.e. (0, 5)
Similarly, P is the mid point of AQ.
Therefore, co-ordinates of P are \(\left(\frac{-2+0}{2}, \frac{2+5}{2}\right)\) i.e., (- 1, \(\frac{7}{2}\))
and R is the mid point of QB.
Therefore, co-ordinates of R are \(\left(\frac{0+2}{2}, \frac{5+8}{2}\right)\) i.e., (1, \(\frac{13}{2}\))
Hence, the required co-ordinates are (- 1, \(\frac{7}{2}\)), (0, 5) and (1, \(\frac{13}{2}\)).

Question 10.
Find the area of a rhombus if its vertices are (3, 0), (4, 5), (- 1, 4) and (- 2, – 1) taken in order.
Solution :
Let coordinates of vertices of a rhombus be A(3, 0), B(4, 5), C(- 1, 4) and D(- 2, – 1), then

Now, area of rhombus = \(\frac{1}{2}\) (Product of diagonals)
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × AC × BD
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × 4√2 × 6√2
= 24 square units
Hence, area of rhombus = 24 square units.

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 6 Rural Administration Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 6 Rural Administration

HBSE 6th Class Civics Rural Administration Textbook Questions and Answers

Rural Administration Class 6 HBSE Social Science Question 1.
If there is a theft in your house which police station would you go to register your complaint?
Answer:
In such a situation I would go to the police station of my area to register my complaint.

Rural Administration Class 6 Questions Answers HBSE Social Science Question 2.
What was the dispute between Mohan and Raghu?
Answer:
Raghu had taken over some of Mohan’s land and increased the size of his own field. Angry Mohan went to Raghu’s house to make complaints. But Raghu did not accept what he had done with Mohan’s land. This caused a dispute between the two.

Class 6 Civics Chapter 6 HBSE Social Science Question 3.
Why was Mohan worried about picking a quarrel with Raghu?
Answer:
Mohan was worried about picking a quarrel with Raghu because Raghu’s uncle was the Sarpanch of the village. Raghu was quite influential as his family owned many fields. None in the village had ever dared to confront him. Mohan, being a small farmer had picked up courage to make complaints about what Raghu had done.

Class 6 Rural Administration HBSE Social Science Question 4.
Some people said Mohan should report the matter to the police and others said he should not. What were the arguments they gave?
Answer:
Some people suggested Mohan to go to the police station to report the matter. Since Mohan was badly hurt on his head and hand, his friend suggested that they should go to the local police station and file a report. Others said that Mohan should not go to the police station as they know about Raghu’s influence and power. They also know that Raghu’s uncle was the sarpanch of the village. They felt reporting the case at the police station would involve a lot of money and nothing would come out it.

Question 5.
The Khasra record of the Patwari gives you information regarding the map given below. It identifies which plot of land is owned by whom. Look at both the records and the answer the questions given below regarding Mohan and Raghu’s land.


(1) Who owns the land south of Mohan’s field?
(2) Mark the common boundary between Mohan’s and Raghu’s land.
(3) Who can use field no. 3?
(4) What information can one get field no. 2 and field no. 3?
Ans.
(i) Raghu owns the land south of Mohan’s field.
(ii) Common boundary is marked with dark line.
(iii) Madhya Pradesh government can use field No 3.
(iv) The total area of field 2 is 2.75 hectare it belongs to Raghu who grows soyabean and wheat in this field. The land is not on rent and it is irrigated. Second crop is grown in 1.75 hectare. 0.2 hectare of the total area is a fallow land. There is one well in the field and it is working.

Field No. 3 belongs to Madhya Pradesh government. It is a grassland. It is not on rent. There is one well in the field and it is working. This grassland is used for grazing purposes.

EXERCISE

Question 1.
What is the work of the police?
Answer:
The work of the police is to:
(a) maintain law and order to establish peace in the society.
(b) to register case of theft, accident, injury, fights etc.
(c) to inquire, investigate and take action on the cases within its area.

Question 2.
List two things that the work of a Patwari includes.
Answer:
(a) Patwari measures land and keeps land records.
(b) He organises the collection of land revenue from the farmers and provides information to the government about the crops grown in that area.

Question 3.
What is the work of a tehsildar?
Answer:
(a) A tehsildar supervises the work of the Patwari.
(b) It hears disputes.
(c) It ensures that records are properly kept and land revenue is collected.
(d) He also sees to it that the farmers can easily obtain a copy of their record and students can obtain their caste certificates etc.

Question 4.
What issue is the poem trying to raise? Do you think this is an important issue? Why?
Answer:
The poem emphasises on the rights of a girl child. It is trying to raise the issue of inheritance of daughters and mothers in the property of their father/husband.

This is an important issue because in our country before Hindu Succession Amendment Act (2003) women can not get a share in the family’s agricultural land and after her father/ husband death the property was equally divided among her sons. This poem highlights that Dowry is not a compensation to a girl child. It should be abolished.

Question 5.
In what ways are the work of a Panchayat that you read about in the previous chapter and the work of the Patwari related to each other?
Answer:
Village Panchayat tries to solve the problem of the villagers at village level, and make it sure that the life of the people could be made prosperous. Patwari is a Government official at village level, who measures the land and collects the land revenue at village level.

The works of the Village Panchayat and Patwari are related to each other because they equally work for the welfare of the villagers. The revenue collected by Patwari is spent on welfare of the people.

Question 6.
Visit a police station and find out the work that the police have to do to prevent and maintain law and order in their area especially during festivals, public-meetings etc.?
Answer:
Police exercise following programs to prevent the crime and to maintain law and order in their areas:
1. Recruitment and deployment of Special Task Force to handle different crucial situations.
2. The police officer always keeps a vigilant eye on the criminals.
3. To ensure internal peace and justice (i.e. law and order position) these are kept open for twenty four hours a day.
4. During festivals they move with the public in civil dress, so that they can keep festivals free from apprehension of any mishappening.
5. To control the rush they make barrier and check post at various entrance.
6. Police can stop the people taking weapon inside the area/campus of the fair or festival.

Question 7.
Who is in-charge of all police stations in a district? Find out.
Answer:
The In-Charge of all police stations in district is Senior Superintendent of Police (S.S.P). The in-charge of a police station is known as S.H.O. (Station House Officer).

Question 8.
How do women benefit under new law?
Answer:
New Law: Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 is known as New Law.
According to this law, women in India can get a share in the family’s agricultural land. Women get equal share in the property/lands.
Benefit of Law: Women can get transfer land and even purchased land. They can also take share of family’s land or property.

Question 9.
In your neighbourhood are there women who own property? How did they acquire it?
Answer:
Yes, In our neighbourhood there are women who owned their property. They acquired it with the help of their village Patwari and their brothers or sisters.

HBSE 6th Class Civics Rural Administration Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is called bund?
Answer:
The boundary that separates one land from another is called ‘bund’.

Question 2.
How does the Patwari measure the agricultural fields?
Answer:
The Patwari measures the land with the help of chain.

Question 3.
What is the work of Tehsildar?
Answer:
Tehsildar supervises the work of the Patwari and ensures that records are properly kept and land revenue is collected.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How would have Patwari decided whether the common boundary of Mohan and Raghu Helds had been shifted?
Answer:
Patwari would have measured both Mohan’s and Raghu’s fields and compared them with the measurements on the map. If they did not match, then it was obvious that the boundaries had been changed.

Question 2.
When do you think farmer may require a copy of his land record?
Answer:
We think farmer may require a copy of his land record when:
1. he wants to sell or buy his land.
2. he wants loan from bank to dig a tubewell for his land.
3. he divides his property.

Question 3.
Mention any three works of the revenue department of the government.
Answer:
1. The revenue department of the government supervisor the work of the Patwari.
2. It ensures that records are properly kept and land revenue is collected.
3. It is the revenue department that makes the students obtain their caste certificates.
4. It also resolves the revenue deposits.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain the right of women in property before and after Hindu Succession Amendment Act, 2005.
Answer:
Before:
1. Hindu women did not get a share in the family’s agricultural land.
2. After the death of the father, property was divided equally only among his sons.

After:
1. In the new law sons, daughters and their mothers can get an equal share in the land.
2. The new law will benefit a large number of women.
3. They can enjoy their independent status with equal rights.

Rural Administration Class 6 HBSE Notes

• Nayaya Panchayat: A rural body of local administration constituted for disposal of funds, quarrels disputes of minor nature.
• Chokidar: Chokidar in a village keeps birth and death record and also works as a messenger between the people and Gram Panchayat or any Government agency related with the welfare of the village.
• Patwari: He is the land revenue officer at village level. He measure the land of the farmer and keeps the record.
• Tehsildar: He is the officer at district level. He keeps a checking eyes on revenue officers.
• Lekhpal, Kanungo or Karamchari or Village Officer: These are the different names of the Patwari. He is known by different names in different parts of our country.
• Khasra Number: These are the number used for land which is owned by an individual villager or village community.
• A New Law: According to new law, son, daughter and their mother can get equal parts of (shares of) the land owned by Karta of their family.
• S.H.O: Station House Officer of a police station or a person in-charge of police station.
• S.S.P: Senior Superintendent of Police is the highest rank of a police officer in district level.

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 3 What is GovernmentTextbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 3 What is Government

HBSE 6th Class Civics What is Government Textbook Questions and Answers

What is Government HBSE 6th Class Question 1.
Look at the newspaper headlines above and list the different kinds of activities that the government is reported to be doing in these newspaper headlines.
1.
2.
3.
4.

• Isn’t this a wide range of activities?
• What do you think government is? Discuss in class.

Answer:

• List of the different kind of activities that the government is reported to be doing in the newspaper headlines:

1. The government protects the rights of the unorganised workers.
2. It fixes prices of essential commodities when they are in short supply.
3. It tackles food.
4. It revamps coal and power sectors.
5. It declares villages scarcity hit and . provides relief.
6. It appoints judges to high courts and Supreme Court.

• Yes, the government has a wide range of activities.

In my opinion, the government is an organisation which looks after the public maintenance systems like roads, postal and railway service. It is also responsible for maintaining peaceful relations within nation and amongst the different nations. It protects the border of the country.

Class 6 History Chapter 3 HBSE Question 2.
Can you list three things that the government does which have not been mentioned?
Answer:
The things that the government does which has not been mentioned are:
(i) to provide sanitation and pure drinking water facility to all the citizens of the nation.
(ii) to provide free education to children of the nation.
(iii) to give employment to all people more than 18 years of age.

What is Government Class 6 Notes HBSE Question 3.
Look at the statements in the column on the left. Can you identify which level they belong to? Place tick mark against the level you consider most appropriate:

Answer:

Class 6 History Chapter 3 Questions And Answers HBSE Question 4.
Do you think it is important for people to be involved in decisions that affect them? Give two reasons for answer.
Answer:
Yes, it is important for people to be involved in decisions that affect them because:
(a) The people are affected by a rise in prices of essential commodities, so any extra-ordinary increase in prices should be consulted with the representatives of the people.

(b) If the government decides to convert a residential area to the commercial area, the representatives of the people should be consulted as it could effect the lives of the people.

What is Government 6th Class HBSE  Question 5.
Which type of government prefer to have in the place in which you live in? Why?
Answer:
I would like to have a democratic type of government in the places in which I live because it is a government of the people, for the people and by the people. A democratic government will be more considerate towards the needs of the people.

Question 6.
Which of the statements below is correct? Correct those sentences that you think need correction.
(a) In a monarchy the country’s citizens are allowed to elect whomever they want.
(b) In a democracy a king has an absolute powers to rule the country.
(c) In a monarchy, people can raise questions about the decisions the monarch takes.
Answer:
(a) In a monarchy, the king is chosen by the hereditary powers.
(b) In a democracy, the country is ruled by the representatives chosen by the people.
(c) In a monarchy, people can not raise questions about the decisions the monarch takes.

EXERCISE

Question 1.
What do you understand by the word ‘government’? List five ways in which you think the government affects your daily life.
Answer:
The Government is the name of an organisation through which, the will of the state is created, expressed and implemented.
The three main organs of the Government are:
(i) Legislative
(ii) Judiciary
(iii) Executive.

Govt, affects daily life in the following ways:
1. It takes decision to lay roads and build schools and health centers.
2. It takes action of social issues.
3. It protects the boundaries of state.
4. It makes law for the benefits of the people and implements them.
5. If there is dispute between two neighbouring states, the govt, does his best to end the cause of conflict.

Question 2.
Why do you think the Government make rules for everyone in the form of laws?
Answer:
Everyone who lives in a country must follow some rules and regulations. These laws are made by government and every citizen have to follow these laws. According to these laws, a government can function and make decision and vests with power to enforce these laws.

Govt, needs to make rules for everyone in the form of law because by doing so people can obey rule and thus the nation as a whole leads a secure life.

Question 3.
Name two essential features of a democratic government.
Answer:
Two features:
(i) Participation of people is necessity.
(ii) It acts according to the will of the people.

Question 4.
What was the suffrage movement? What did it accomplish?
Answer:

Suffrage Movement:
The word ‘suffrage’ means ‘right to vote’. This movement belongs to the women and poor people who have to fight for the participation in government. During the World War I, the struggle for the ‘right to vote’ got strengthened. The struggle comes to be known as ‘suffrage movement’.

Its accomplishments:
During the World War I, men were away from their house fighting in the battle field. At this time, women were called upon to do the work which were earlier done by men. Women did their best and try to manage and organise different kinds of works, People wonder to know that the women can do such work. Women began to be seen as being equally capable for doing hard work and making decision.

The people who were demanding the Right for Women and got their demand heard, they chained themselves to rallying in public places and meetings. In America, women were given right to vote in 1920 while in U.K. in 1928.

Question 5.
Gandhiji strongly believed that every adult in India should be given the right to vote. However, a few people don’t share his views. They feel that illiterate people, who are mainly poor, should not be given the right to vote. What do you think? Do you think this would be a form to discrimination? Give five points to support your view and share these with the class.
Answer:
All citizens are equal. The constitution aims at providing all equality to all its citizens.
• We have no right to discriminate any one on the basis of poverty.
• Even the illiterate people are the citizens of the nation. They should have the right to choose people who are going to be in their country.
• Our constitution provides equal voting right to all the citizens.
• We must honour dignity of every individual.

HBSE 6th Class Civics What is Government Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Why does every country need a government?
Answer:
Every country needs a government to make decisions and get things like building roads and schools done.

Question 2.
List the institutions which are a part of the government. Name three of them.
Answer:
The institutions which are a part of the government are:
(1) Supreme Court
(2) Indian Railways
(3) Bharat Petroleum

Question 3.
What is universal adult franchise?
Answer:
‘Universal adult franchise’ means that all adults in the country are allowed to vote.

Question 4.
Why is a mark put on the finger while vote?
Answer:
A mark is put on the finger to make sure that a person casts only one vote.

Question 5.
Under what circumstances a person may approach the court?
Answer:
If a person feels that a particular law is not being followed, he/she may approach the court.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the three different levels of the government?
Answer:
The three different levels of the government are:
(a) Local level: It means the government in our village, town or locality.
(b) State level: It would mean the government that covers an entire state like Haryana or Assam.
(c) National level: It refers to the government of the entire country.

Question 2.
What do you mean by representative democracies?
Answer:
In representative democracies, people do not choose their representatives through an election process. These representatives meet and make decisions for the entire population.

Question 3.
The earliest forms of government were not democratic.
Answer:
In the earliest form of government, men would owned property and were educated, had right to vote. This meant that women, the poor, the property less and the uneducated ones were not allowed to vote. The country was governed by the rules and regulations that these few men made.

So the earliest forms of government were not democratic as it was not ruled by all the citizens of the country.

Question 4.
What is a monarchy?
Answer:
It is a type of government in which the monarch or the king has the powers to make laws and decisions and run the government. The king does not have to explain his action or defend the decisions he takes. He may be helped by a small group of people who help the king to take decisions.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Distinguish between democracy and monarchy.
Answer:

Question 2.
What is the difference between the Federal and Unitary Government?
Answer:
(i) In the Unitary form of Government, there is only one Central Government for the whole country while in the Federal Form; there are one Central and separate governments in the provinces.
(ii) In the Federal form of Government the whole country is divided into some political units but in the Unitary form the whole country is a single unit.
(iii) In the Unitary form, all the powers are vested in one Central Government, while there is a division of powers between the Federal and the State governments in the Federal forms.
(iv) In the Federal form of Government, mostly the Constitution is written and rigid while it is not so in case of a Unitary State.

What is Government Class 6 HBSE Notes

• Government: The system or machinery present in each country in order to make directions for the proper running of the country is called a government.
• Laws: The rules laid down by the government for the proper functioning of the country are called laws.
• Democracy: A system of government is which people (citizens) of the country choose their leaders to rule is called democracy.
• Monarchy: Monarchy is the form of the government in which King or Queen or the Monarch takes decisions and makes laws for the entire country. His/Her position is hereditary too.
• Elections: The process in which a democratic country casts their votes to choose the leaders is called elections.
• Election Petition: If any voter or a candidate feels that the election in his constituency has not been conducted fairly, he can file an election petition against that election.
• Representative Democracy: A form of democracy in which people do not elect the government directly but only choose their representatives, who collectively form a government is called Representative Democracy.

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 4 Key Elements of a Democratic Government Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 4 Key Elements of a Democratic Government

HBSE 6th Class Civics Key Elements of a Democratic Government Textbook Questions and Answers

Class 6th Civics Chapter 4 Social Science HBSE Question 1.
What were Hector and his classmates protesting about?
Answer:
Hector and his classmates were protesting against learning the Afrikaans language in school. They did not want to learn this language as this was spoken by the whites and they had their own language which they wanted to learn.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Key Elements of a Democratic Government Question 2.
List five ways in which the non-whites were discriminated against.
Answer:
The five ways in which the non-whites were discriminated against were as follows:
(a) There were separate trains and buses for non-whites.
(b) There were separate hospitals for them.
(c) An ambulance meant for white people would always be equipped while one meant for black was not.
(d) Non-whites had to live on the worst available land.

Key Elements of a Democratic Government HBSE 6th Class Social Science Question 3.
Do you think it is important for all persons to be treated equally? Why?
Answer:
Yes, it is important for all persons to be treated equally. This is so because all human being have same body system, heart, bones. Everybody has the right to lead a dignified life.

Question 4.
Why do you think elections are required after a fixed period?
Answer:
Elections are required after a fixed period because only in this way the power of the government gets limited. ‘

DISCUSS

Question 1.
In Maya’s story did the government support the idea that people are equal?
Answer:
In Maya’s story, the government did not support the idea that people are equal.

Question 2.
In Dr. Ambedkar’s story did the practice of untouchability support the idea that people are equal?
Answer:
In Dr. Ambedkar’s story, the practice of untouchability did not support the idea that people are equal. It supported the idea of discrimination and unjust or unequal situation.

EXERCISE

Question 1.
How would Maya’s life be different in South Africa today?
Answer:
Today South Africa is governed by democratic form of government but just before two decades, this country was governed by apartheid laws. In Modern South Africa, people enjoy democratic rights equally and all the citizens would enjoy equal public facilities. So Maya’s life would be quite comfortable today she would go to same school as whites receive equal treatment in schools and equal medical facilities.

Question 2.
What are the various ways in which people participate in the process of government?
Answer:
There are various ways in which people participate in the process of government:
1. People participate in the government by voting in the election and electing their leaders.
2. People protest against social disturbances in the form of dharnas, hold rallies, strikes, signature campaigns etc. and persuade government to set things right.
3. Members of the minority community can participate in the process of government by organising rallies for their rights.

Question 3.
Why do you think we need the government to find solutions to many disputes or conflicts?
Answer:
We need the government to find solutions to many disputes or conflicts because it is the government which makes laws, executes them and gives decisions. The government represents the country and also the head of the constitutional system. Government has to compensate people who are killed, wounded or whose properties are destroyed in violent accidents.

Question 4.
What action does the government take to ensure that all people are treated equally?
Answer:
The government takes the following actions to ensure that all people are tracked equally:
1. All citizen are equal before law.
2. Our constitution does not allow us to discriminate between people on the basis of caste, creed, religion or sex.
3. The government has reserved seats for scheduled castes and tribes in educational institutions and jobs.

Question 5.
Read through the chapter and discuss the pay ideas of democratic government. Make a list.
Answer:
1. All people are equal before law.
2. Democratic government for the people, Of the people and by the people.
3. All people above the age of 18 have a right to vote and choose their own representatives.

HBSE 6th Class Civics Key Elements of a Democratic Government Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the name of one black township.
Answer:
One black township was south-western township or SOWETO.

Question 2.
What is meant by consensus?
Answer:
Everyone has the same view regarding an issue.

Question 3.
What does apartheid mean?
Answer:
Apartheid means separation on the basis of race.

Question 4.
Why is voting important in a democracy?
Answer:
Voting is important in a democracy because people elect leaders to represent them.

Question 5.
Posters on the walls have been banned. Why?
Answer:
The posters on the walls have been banned because
(i) it spoils the city’s look.
(ii) many a times the posters are pasted on important sign boards and even road maps.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is the role of the police in a democratic country when processions are taken out?
Answer:
(i) Religious processions and celebrations may sometimes lead to a conflict, the government, specially the police plays an important role in getting representatives of concerned communities to meet and try to arrive at a solution.

(ii) Sometimes there is a fear that violence may erupt, with people throwing stones or trying to disrupt the procession. The police is responsible for ensuring that violence does not take place.

Question 2.
How did people react when in August 2005, a particular government increased the money people had to pay for electricity?
Answer:
When in August 2005, a particular government increased the money people had to pay to electricity.
(i) People expressed their disapproval sharply.
(ii) They took out rallies and also organised a signature campaign.

Question 3.
How can rivers become a source of conflict?
Answer:
Rivers can become a source of conflict because a river may begin in one state, flow through another and end in a third. The sharing of river water between different states that the river goes through beaming and issue of conflict.

Question 4.
What is the dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu regarding Krishna Sagar dam and Mellur dam.
Answer:
The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be filled up water as released from the upstream one located in Karnataka. Therefore, both states cannot get as much water as they need for people in their states.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the functions of the government in a developing economy?
Answer:
In developing countries like India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, the following functions should be performed by the govern-ments of the respective countries:
Functions of the Government in a Developing Country
1. Defence of the Country:
The first and foremost function of a developing country should be the defence of its country. To defend the country from-the external invasion, a powerful army, navy and air force should be maintained.

2. To maintain internal law and order:
It is a very important function of the government to maintain internal law and order. The government should make such laws which regulate the relations among the people. A country cannot make any progress if people are prey to internal disturbances.

3. Protection of life and property of the people:
The government must protect the life and property of the people. It is one of the primary duties of the government that it should make all possible arrangements for the safety and security of the life and property. Everybody should feel physically and economically secure in the state.

4. To maintain healthy relations with other countries:
In the modern age, no state can live in isolation. Each state depends on other states for the fulfillment of its various needs. The states are to maintain friendly relations among themselves

Question 2.
Briefly explain any six essential conditions for the successful working of a democracy.
Answer:
The following six conditions are considered to be essential for the successful working of a democracy:
1. A spirit of tolerance and co-operation:
As democracy is a government by discussion and criticism, it is essential that those in power should be respective to criticism. The minority group must extend full co-operation and support to the majority party.

2. Educated, alert and vigilant citizens can only understand the value of their vote and possess, the ability to understand national and international problems.

3. Economic equality before political equality: This is so because poor voters are not lured by monetary consideration to sell their votes.

4. The presence of local self-governing institutions: This leads to decentralization of power and flashes contemporary disposition of electorates i.e. citizens.

5. Existence of a healthy and well organised party system which resolute and benevolent opposition party play a positive and constructive role.

6. Presence of an independent press: This is important for getting accurate and unbiased information on national and international events.

Question 3.
Write about the conflict between the states of Karnataka and Tamilnadu over the issue of R. Cauvery?
Answer:
The rivers can become a source of conflict between states. A river may have its origin in one place and after flowing through many states they finally end its journey in the sea or ocean. The sharing of river water between different places that the river goes through is becoming an issue. There is a dispute between Karnataka and Tamilnadu over the sharing of the Cauvery water. The water stored in Krishnasagar dam in Karnataka is used for irrigation in several districts and for meeting the needs of various cities.

The water stored in Mettur dam of Tamilnadu is used for crops grown in the delta region of that state. A conflict arises because dams are on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamilnadu can only be filled up with water released from the upstream one located in Karnataka. So both the states cannot get as much water as they need for people in their states. This leads to conflict. The central government has to see that a fair distribution is worked out.

Key Elements of a Democratic Government Class 6 HBSE Notes

• Alien: A person who is not citizen of India.
• Government at the Centre: Government rules on whole country.
• Union List: The List on which only Parliament can make laws.
• Collective Responsibility: Responsibility of whole Cabinet.
• Democracy: Government made by the people, of the people and for the people.
• Bicameral Legislature: Two houses.
• Social Justice: It is a condition in which all citizens are treated as equal and no discrimination is made between them on the basis of caste or on the basis of being rich or poor.
• Economic Justice: It is a condition where all citizens are guaranteed decent standard of life.
• Ballot: A secret vote in which people seal out sign of the candidate they want to choose.
• Impeachment: The method of removal from the office of the President, Vice President, the Judges of Supreme Court and High Courts practised by the Parliament under certain circumstances.
• Federalism: A federal government in which government has two distinct levels: (a) State Government, (b) Central Government.
• Socialist State: A state in which means of production (such as land, mineral resources, mills and factories) and the means of distribution are in the hands of the Government.
• Democratic State: A democratic country is one in which administration is run by the elected representatives of the people.
• Republic State: A state in which the head of the State is elected.
• Apartheid Laws: Laws in which people are separated on the basis of race (i.e., Black, White and Indian Race).

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 5 Panchayati Raj Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 5 Panchayati Raj

HBSE 6th Class Civics Panchayati Raj Textbook Questions and Answers

Class 6th Civics Chapter 5 Social Science HBSE Question 1.
What is Gram Sabha?
Answer:
The Gram Sabha is a meeting with all adults who live in the area covered by a Panchayat.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Panchayati Raj Question 2.
In the meeting of the Gram Sabha so far, what are the problems that are being discussed?What sort of solution are being discussed?
Answer:
Several problems are being discussed in the meeting of the Gram sabha:
(а) Problem of water shortages.
(b) Finalisation of the list of people below the poverty line (BPL) which had to be approved by the Gram Sabha.

Panchayati Raj HBSE 6th Class Social Science Question 3.
Was there a problem with the BPL list that the Gram Sabha was finishing?
What was this problem?
Answer:
Yes, there was a problem with the BPL list that the Gram Sabha was finalising the name of one landless labourer Om Prakash was not on the list.

Question 4.
Why do you think Soorajmal kept quiet even though Saroj asked him to speak?
Answer:
Soorajmal kept quiet even though Saroj asked him to speak because Amirchand, a powerful and influential man was sitting in the Gram Sabha.

Question 5.
Have you seen any similar incidents when people are unable to speak for themselves. Why do you think that happened and what prevented the person from speaking?
Answer:
When people consider someone very powerful in the society; people are unable to speak for themselves. They are so used to that person in the society to speak. For themselves so that even if some have problem.

Question 6.
How can the Gram Sabha prevent the Panchayat gram doing what it like?
Answer:
The Gram Sabha prevent the Panchayat from doing wrong things like misusing money or favouring certain people.
(a) It keeps an eye on the elected representatives.
(b) It makes them responsible to the persons who elected them.

Question 7.
What decisions were taken by the Gram Panchayat?
Answer:
The Gram Panchayat took the following decisions:
(a) The Gram Panchayat decided to deepen two handicaps and clean one well so that the villagers would not go without water.
(b) The Gram Panchayat members were also keen for at long term solutions of water shortages.
(c) The Gram Panchayat suggested for the watershed development programme.

Question 8.
Do you think it was necessary for them to take these decisions?Why?
Answer:
It was necessary for them to take these decisions because the problem of water shortages was becoming a cute.

EXERCISE

Question 1.
What problem did the villagers in Hardas village face?What did they do solve this problem:
Answer:
The villagers in Hardas village were facing the water problem. The problem when brought to and discussed in the Gram Sabha meeting a conclusion was arrived at and thus watershed development programme came into operation. Soon, it was completed and the villagers took a sigh of relief.

Question 2.
What in your opinion is the importance of the Gram Sabha?Do you think all members should attend Gram Sabha meeting?Why?
Answer:
The Gram Sabha is of great importance to all of as who are living in villages. In Gram Sabha, all important issues regarding the development of a village are discussed and Gram Panchayat works according to the agenda laid down in and passed by the Gram Sabha.
Yes, all the members should attend Gram-Sabha meeting because this practice will automatically educate the participants and they would learn the procedure of calling meeting and all other allied there too.

Question 3.
What is the link between a Gram Sabha and a Gram Panchayat?
Answer:
The Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat works at village level. Gram Sabha is a place where all important plants for the works of Gram Panchayat are placed before the people. Gram Sabha also keeps monitoring on functioning of Gram Panchayat.

Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat are linked with each other because through the meeting of Gram Sabha, Gram Panchayat comes to know about the problems of the people and try to solve them.

Question 4.
Take an example of any one task done by a Panchayat in your area/nearby rural and find out the following:
(a) Why it was taken up
(b) Where the money comes from
(c) Whether or not work has been completed?
Answer:
Task: Laving out a link road/approach through way through out mohalla (settlement) to the main road.

Reasons:
Colony people were facing problems in transportation of goods (i.e. apples, pear, peach etc.) to Haldwani Mandi. Money for project came from Rural Development fund, cess on peddlers, fairs etc., grant in aid from Kapileshwar. Trust and subscription collected from every resident of the village was also added therewith. The Link- Road was completed a fortnight before the date completion agreed to by the contractor Jagmohan Singh viz with 60 days.

Question 5.
What is the difference between a Gram Sabha and a Gram Panchayat?
Answer:
Gram Sabha
1. Every adult man and woman in village who has attained the age of 18 years or above; are the members of the Gram Sabha.
2. The number of members can be between 100 to 1000.
3. There is no concept of reservation.
4. It is a bigger body.

Gram Panchayat
1. The members of the Gram Sabha elect some representatives from themselves to form Gram Panchayat.
2. The number of members can be from 7 to 31.
3. Out of total, 1/3rd seats are reserved for women and some for scheduled castes and schedule tribes.
4. It is a smaller body then Gram Sabha

Question 6.
Read the following news item:
Nimone is a village on the Chauphula-Shinur Road. Like many others, this village has also been facing a severe water shortage for the last few months and villagers depend on tankers for all their needs. Bhagwan Mahadeo Lad (35) of this village was beaten with sticks, iron rods and axes by a group of seven men. The incident came to light when some villagers brought a badly injured Lad to hospital for treatment. In the FIR recorded by the police Lad said that he was attacked when he insisted that the water in the tanker must be emptied into the storage tanks he insisted as a part of the water supply scheme by Nimone Gram Panchayat so that there would be equal distribution of water. However, he alleged that the upper caste men were against this and told him that tanker water was not meant for the lower castes. (Adopted from Indian Express May 1, 2004)
(a) Why was Bhagwan beaten?
(b) Do you think the above is a case discrimination?Why?
Answer:
(a) Bhagwan Mahadeolal was beaten with sticks, iron and axes by seven men. He was beaten because he wanted the water tanker: should be emptied into storage tank built by the Nimone Gram Panchayat, so that there could be equal distribution of water. But the people of upper class did not tolerate it. So he was beaten by them.

(b) Yes, we think that this is a case of discrimination because from the above news, we come to know that the people of upper castes were against the equal distribution of water. They (upper caste men) think that the water in tanker was only for them, not for the lower caste.

Question 7.
Find out more about watershed development and how it benefits an areas.
Answer:
Watershed Development: The ways of conserving water and refilling it by cyclic and anticyclic process is situated in a village in Maharashtra state. This process is known as water-shed development and the State ! Government provide money for this work.

For water conserving and refilling, people planted trees, constructed check dam and tanks which increase the water table. (For more detail visited with your teacher in an area where water shed development are being ; planned.)

HBSE 6th Class Civics Panchayati Raj Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who can be a member of the Gram Sabha?
Answer:
Anyone who is 18 years old or more and who has the right to vote is a member of the Gram Sabha.

Question 2.
What is the term of the Gram Panchayat?
Answer:
The Gram Panchayat is elected for five years.

Question 3.
Who are the members of the construction and development committees of Gram Sabha?
Answer:
The construction and development committees of the Gram Sabha include some members of the Gram Panchayat who work together to carry out specific tasks.

Question 4.
Why is the Nirmal Gram Puruskar awarded and to whom?
Answer:
The Nirmal Gram Puruskar is awarded to the village Panch/Panchs for the excellent work done by him/them in the Panchayat.

Question 5.
To whom are the Panchs and the Gram Panchayat answerable?
Answer:
The Panchs and the Gram Panchayat are answerable to Gram Sabha?

Question 6.
Who has to approve the work of the Gram Panchayat?
Answer:
The work of the Gram Panchayat has to be approved by the Gram Sabha.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is meant by the Panchayati Raj system?
Answer:
Panchayati Raj system is a process through which people participate in their own government. The Panchayati Reg system is the first tier or level of democratic government.

Question 2.
Name the three levels or tiers of the Panchayati Raj system.
Answer:
The three tiers of the Panchayati Raj system are:
1. Village Panchayat in the villages.
2. Panchayat Samiti or Janpad Panchayat at the Block level.
3. Zila Parishad in the Districts.

Question 3.
What are the main functions of the Zila Parishad?
Answer:
(i) The main functions of the Zila Parishad is to co-ordinate all the activities of the Panchayati Raj.
(ii) It gives advice to the State Government on the work of Panchayats and Samitis.
(iii) It prepares a plan for its district development.
(iv) It implements all programmes coming under a five year plan.
(v) It divides the funds received from the State government among the Block Samitis and the Gram Panchayats.

Question 4.
What are the sources of income of Zila Parishad?
Answer:
Chief sources of the income of a Zila Parishad are as under:
(i) Taxes on fairs and circus etc.
(ii) Taxes on houses, shops, land, water and electricity.
(iii) Loans raised from the public if need arises.
(iv) Grant-in-aid from the state government.
(v) Rent of houses and shops owned by it.

Question 5.
In what ways is the local govern-ment important?
Answer:
(i) By the local government, the local people tries to solve their problems without depending on state level administration.
(ii) It develops the feeling of self-reliance among local people.
(iii) It develops initiative and the spirit of co¬operation.
(iv) It trains local people in running the central and the state administration.
(v) It finishes the local work with speed and with the least expenditure.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Describe the composition of a Village Panchayat.
Answer:
A Village Panchayat is divided into wards. Each ward elects a representative who is known as the Ward member, also called Panch. All the members of the Gram Sabha also elect a Sarpanch who is called Panchayat President. The Ward Panchs and the Sarpanch form the Gram Panchayat. The tenure of the Gram Panchayat is five years.

The Gram Panchayat and the Gram Sabha have a common Secretary. He is a person whom the government appoints. Thus, he is not an elected person. The Secretary is responsible for calling the meeting of the Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat. He also keeps records of the proceedings of the meeting.

Question 2.
How is a Village Panchayat formed?
OR
Discuss the three organs of Village Panchayat.
Answer:
Village Panchayat has three important organs:
(i) The Gram Sabha: It consists of representatives directly elected by the villagers. It may consists of one village or a group of villages.
(ii) Gram Panchayat: The members of the Gram Sabha elect some representatives from among themselves to form Gram panchayat. It also have reserve seat for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and women.
(iii) Nyaya Panchayat: Each Village Panchayat elects some members to the Nyaya Panchayat which resolve minor disputes of the villagers.

Panchayati Raj Class 6 HBSE Notes

• Panchayati Raj: Panchayati Raj means grass root governance at village level by the villagers themselves and local self-government.
• Local Government: A government which is run by the elected representatives of the local people.
• Distt. Commissioner: An officer who looks after the district administration.
• Village Panchayat: A committee of five or more village elders which is formed to improve the condition of the village.
• Gram Sabha: All men and women of a village whose age is 18 years or above constitute the GramSabha.
• Block Samiti: The committee that works at the block level is called the Block Samiti.
• Block: Some village panchayats join together to form a block.
• Zila Parishad: The Zila Parishad works at the district level. It prepares the plans for the development of a zila or district.

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 5 Quality Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class English Solutions Honeycomb Chapter 5 Quality

HBSE 7th Class English Quality Textbook Questions and Answers

Working With The Text

Answer type following questions

Quality Question Answers HBSE 7th Class Question 1.
What was the author’s opinion about Mr. Gessler as a bootmaker?
Answer:
The author believed that Mr. Gessler was a first-ranked bootmaker, who considered boot-making as an art. The boots made by him never failed to fit. They were the best in make and finish.

Quality HBSE 7th Class Question 2.
Why did the author visit the shop so infrequently?
Answer:
Infact the shoes made by the author from Mr. Gessler were very perfect. The shoes were so well made that they lasted long. Moreover author ordered many pairs together.

Quality Question Answer HBSE 7th Class Question 3.
What was the effeet on Mr. Gessler of the author’s remark about a certain pair of boots?
Answer:
Once when author complained about a certain pair of shoes, Mr. Gessler looked at him without replying. He lowered his eyes as if he was hunting the memory of those boots. He turned grave.

Question 4.
“What was Mr. Gessler’s complaint against “big firms”?
Answer:
Gessler criticised the big firms. He complained that ‘big firms’ had no self-respect. They did not care for quality. They got business by advertisement and not by work. They took the business from them who loved boot-making.

Question 5.
Why did the author order so many pairs of boots? Did he really need them?
Answer:
The author ordered so many pairs of boots out of sympathy. He knew that Gessler had grown weak and old. He was on the point of starvation. He wanted to help the poor artist. He did not really need so many pairs of boots.

HBSE 7th Class English Quality Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Why had Mr. Gessler let out part of his shop to another bootmaker?
Answer:
Mr. Gessler had let out a part of his shop to another bootmaker, because he found it difficult to meet the expenses of running his shop. His work had declined considerably.

Question 2.
Why, according to the new tenant, was Mr. Gessler a failure in business?
Answer:
Mr. Gessler was not a businessman. He would never let anyone touch his shoes except himself. So he took a long time to deliver an order and people were unwilling to wait. So he lost his customers.

Question 3.
In which kind of place was Gessler’s shop situated?
Answer:
It was situated in a small steet which was not very fashionable in the West End of London.

Question 4.
What kind of shoes did Gessler make according to the author?
Answer:
Gessler made shoes which were mysterious and wonderful. They were so well- made that they fitted properly.

Question 5.
Why is going to his shop considered to be going to a church?
Answer:
This shop was unlike other shops. One just entered and rested peacefully on a single wooden chair.

Question 6.
In which kind of appearance did Gessler enter the shop?
Answer:
When Gessler entered he was without coat, a little bent, in leather apron with sleeves turned back.

Question 7.
How did Gessler react when he realised that author was wearing boots made from other firm?
Answer:
Gessler looked at the inferior covering of his foot. His blood froze and everything was quiet.

Question 8.
What was the main cause of Gessler’s death?
Answer:
Slow starvation andnot allowing any soul to touch his boots was the cause ofGessler’s death.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What was author’s opinon of Gessler as a bootmaker?
Answer:
The author had a high opinon of the craftmanship of ‘Gessler Brothers’. The boots made to order never failed to fit.

Question 2.
What two reasons would you think were responsible for Mr. Gessler’s failure in business and winning respect from others?
Answer:
Two reasons for failure of Gessler’s business were
(i) use of best quality leather without charging much profit.
(ii) Honesty and sincerity towards his work.

Question 3.
What kind of shoes did Gessler make?
Answer:
Gessler made quality shoes. The shoes he made lasted long. He used quality leather. The boots made by him never failed to fit.

Question 4.
Why did Mr. Gessler lose buisness although he made best quality of shoes?
Answer:
Gessler was an artist. He made quality boots. But he was slow. People could not wait. Moreover, the big firms advertised, but he did not. Thus he lost his customers.

Question 5.
What was Gessler’s reaction when the author went into his shop wearing a pair of shoes bought from a big firm?
Answer:
Mr. Gessler was very upset. He was quiet rather than angry. He took order without showing the leather. He felt that big firms have no self-respect.

Question 6.
Why did Gessler take such a long time to make every pair of shoes?
Answer:
Gessler took a long time to make every pair of boots, because the entire work was done by his own hands. He believed in perfect workmanship.

Passages For Comprehension

Head the following passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Some Other Questions For Examination

Question 1.
For how long did the narrator know Mr. Gessler?
Answer:
The narrator knew Mr. Gessler since his boyhood as he made the boots for his father.

Question 2.
How did Mr. Gessler ensure himself that his shoes were the best?
Answer:
Mr. Gessler took the measurement of feet himself whenever he got an order. He used the best leather. He would never let anyone else share his work when he got an order. He took quite a long time to execute the order. Thus the boots he made were the best of all.

Question 3.
What changes came in Mr. Gessler after his brother’s death?
Answer:
After his brother’s death, Mr. Gessler Suddenly appeared very old. He looked quite aged and wan. He seemed to miss his brother very much.

Question 4.
Who according to Mr. Gessler were responsible for his failure in business?
Answer:
Mr. Gessler believed that the big firms were responsible for his failure in business. As the big firms advertised a lot about their boots; many customers attracted towards them though they did not sell quality goods.

Question 5.
Where was Gessler’s shop situated?
Answer:
Gessler’s shop was situated in a small street which was not very fashionable in the West End of London.

Question 6.
How did Gessler react when the author came to his shop with boots from other company?
Answer:
Gessler was quiet upstet. He looked at the inferior covering of his boots. His blood froze and he was quite. He took order without showing leather.

Multiple Choice Questions

Tick (✓) the correct option.

Question 1.
Gessler is a/an shoemaker.
(a) German
(b) English
(c) Persian
(d) Indian
Answer:
(a) German ✓

Question 2.
How did Gessler react when author explained to him that last pair of boots creaked?
(a) He got very angry
(b) He denied that shoes from his shop
(c) lie lowered his eyes
(d) He was very happy
Answer:
(c) lie lowered his eyes ✓

Question 3. That may be a bit flowery , What
docs it mean?
(a) That may be full of flowers.
(b) That may be bit emotional.
(c) That may be extravagant
(d) That may be exaggeration.
Answer:
(b) That may be bit emotional. ✓

Question 4.
Who said this to whom? “It did. I’m afraid.”
(а) Mr. Gessler said this to the author.
(b) The author said this to Mr. Gessler.
(c) The elder brother of Gessler said this to the author.
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) The author said this to Mr. Gessler. ✓

Question 5.
‘No, but we can attend to anything with pleasure. We’re taken the shop over.’
(a) An Englishman said this to author.
(b) An Englishman said this to Gessler.
(c) The author said this to Englishman.
(d) Gessler said this to author.
Answer:
(a) An Englishman said this to author. ✓

Question 6.
Which word means ‘made a sound’?
(a) disturbed
(b) wed
(c) creaked
(d) admired
Answer:
(c) creaked ✓

Question 7.
What does ‘splendidly’ mean?
(a) conveniently
(b) beautifully
(c) wonderfully
(d) terribly
Answer:
(b) beautifully ✓

Question 8.
On which day of the week, the author last bought boots from Mr. Gessler?
(a) Monday
(b) Tuesday
(c) Friday
(d) Wednesday
Answer:
(d) Wednesday ✓

Make Sentences

Make sentences following words:
(a) Restfully
(b) Wonderful
(c) Apron
(d) Disturbed
(e) Starved
(f) Competition
Answer:
(a) Restfully: I spent my vacations restfully in a resort.
(b) Wonderful: The Taj Mahal is a wonderful monument built by Shah Jahan in the memory of his wife.
(c) Apron: My mother always wears apron while working in kitchen.
(d) Disturbed: My uncle got very disturbed when he suffered huge business losses.
(e) Starved: The poor children starved because their parents had only meagre savings.
(f) Competition: The students of our school won the inter school competition.

Quality Passages for Comprehension

Passage – 1

I knew …………………. West End.
Questions:
(i) Who is ‘him’?
(ii) How did ‘I’ know him?
(Hi) In which place is the shop placed?
(iv) Choose a word which means to live.
Answers:
(i) ‘Him’ is Mr. Gessler.
(ii) ‘I’ knew him because he made his father’s boots.
(Hi) Tile shop is placed in London.
(iv) Inhabiting.

Passage – 2

I remember ………….. an Ardt ‘!”
Questions:
(i) Why did T stretch his foot forward?
(ii) Why does ‘I’ pity Mr. Gessler?
(iii) Explain ‘Id is an Ardt.’
(iv) Choose the word which means to ‘put , forward’.
Answers:
(i) ‘I’ stretched his foot forward so that he could try the shoes.
(ii) He feels that Mr. Gessler is very hardworking.
(iii) Mi1. Gessler is very good in art of shoemaking. He worships shoe-making.
(iv) Stretching.

Passage – 3

A guttural ……………… back, blinking.
Questions:
(i) What does guttural sound refer to?
(ii) Where does wooden stairs lead?
(iii) What is the condition in which he appears?
(iv) Choose the word which means loud sound.
Answers:
(i) Guttural sound refers to the beating of the slipper on the wooden stairs.
(ii) The wooden stairs lead to the upper story.
(iii) When he appears he is without coat, a little bent and blinking his eyes.
(iv) Guttural.

Passage – 4

At that …………….. at dem”.
Questions:
(i) Why did he lower his eyes?
(ii) How did he behave on being told about the boots?
(iii) What did he promise?
(iv) Choose the word which means ‘serious’.
Answers:
(i) He lowered his eyes as the author complained about the shoes.
(ii) On being told about the shoes he became very sad and serious.
(iii) He promised if the shoes were not proper then he will not charge for them.
(iv) Grave.

Passage – 5

The tone ………………… quite comfortable.
Questions:
(i) Who is ‘He’?
(ii) Why was he trying to press a finger on the place, of the left boot?
(iii) Explain ‘froze the blood’?
(iv) Choose a word which means ‘to try.’
Answers:
(i) ‘He’ is Mr. Gessler.
(ii) He was trying to find out that what kind of comfort did shoes offer.
(iii) The author felt as if he had done a sin by buying shoes from the market.
(iv) Endeavouring.

Quality Translation in Hindi

Before you read [Can a ………………. his art.]
क्या एक जूते बनाने वाले को कलाकार कहा जा सकता है ‘? हाँ, यदि उसमें इतनी ही कुशलता हो और अपने काम पर इतना ही गर्व हो, जितना एक कलाकार को होता है, और यदि वह भी अपने काम को इतना ही सम्मान करता हो। मिस्टर गैस्सलर, एक जर्मन जूते बनाने वाला, जो लंदन में आकर बस गया वह दक्ष कलाकार है। आओ हम इस कहानी को पढ़ें और देखें कि किस प्रकार वह अपने जीवन को कला पर समर्पित कर देता है।

Word Meaning: Skill-efficiency = कुशलता, Pride-to be proud of = गर्व, Respect-to give your due respect = आदर, Devotes-puts time = समर्पिता

1. I knew …………………. ……… West End.
लेखक मिस्टर मैस्सलर को अपने आरम्भिक युवाकाल से जानता था। मिस्टर गैस्सलर उसके पिता के जूते बनाता था। अपने बड़े भाई के साथ दो छोटी दुकानों को मिलाकर बनाई गई एक दुकान में बैठता था जो वैस्ट एंड की एक छोटी सी गली में स्थित थी जो अब तो बहुत नहीं लेकिन तब एक फैशन का स्थान थी।

Word Meaning: Extreme-great limit = दूरतम, Inhabiting-to live = रहना, Fashionably-inadecorative manner = फैशन से।

2. The shop ………………… and wonderful.
उस दुकान में कुछ अलग से खास विशेषता थी। इस पर एकमात्र बोर्ड लगा हुआ था गैस्सलर ब्रदर्स’ और खिड़की में जूते के कुछ जोड़े पड़े हुए थे। वह मांग के अनुसार जूते बनाता था कि उसके द्वारा बनाए जूते ग्राहक को पसंद आएँ। लेखक उसे चौदह साल की उमर से जानता था। लेखक को ऐसा प्रतीत होता था कि ऐसे जूते बनाना जैसे वह बनाता था, एक रहस्यमय तथा अदभुत बात है।

Word Meaning: Distinction-special achievement = विशिष्ट उपलब्धि. Sign-symbol = चिह्न, Inconceivable-unimaginable = कल्पनातीत, Promoted-introduced = परिचय, Mysterious-something secret – रहस्यमय, Wonderful fantastic with wonder = शानदार।

3. I remember ………………….. an Ardt”
मुझे अभी तक अपनी सतर्क टिप्पणी याद है, एक दिन मैने अपना पैर आगे करते हुए कहा “मिस्टर गैस्सलर क्या ऐसा करना बहुत बहुत मुश्किल काम नहीं है?” और उसने मुस्कराते हुए जवाब दिया, यह मेरी कला है।”

Word Meaning: Remember-to keep in memory = याद रखना, Stretching-to bring = फैलाना, Sudden-atmic = अचानक, Awfully-very= बहुत।

4. It was …………………………… into them.
उसके पास लगातार जाना सम्भव न था। उसके बनाए हुए जूते बहुत लम्ब समय तक चलत था ऐसा लगता था जैसे कि उसके द्वारा बनाए जूतों में उसकी आत्मा समा गई हो।

Word Meaning: Terribly-very serious = भयकर, Temporary-not permanent – अस्थाई, Essence-conclusion = सार।

6.One went…………………. peering down.
उसकी दुकान में कोई ऐसे प्रवेश नहीं करता था कि “कृपया मुझे दे दो और जाने दो।” पर आराम से ऐसे प्रवेश करता था जैसे कि गिरजाघर में प्रवेश करता है। वहाँ पड़ी हुई एकमात्र लकड़ी की कुर्सी पर बैठ जाता और प्रतीक्षा करता क्योंकि वहाँ पर कोई नहीं दिखाई देता। शीघ्र ही दुकान के ऊपरी भाग से उसका या उसके भाई का झाँकता हुआ चेहरा दिखाई देता।

Word Meaning: Single-alone = अकेला, Waited-to wait = इंतजार, Soothingly-bringing relief= प्रसन्न करते हुए. Peering-to stare = झाँकते हुए।

6. A guttural’……………. this interruption.
ठक-ठक की आवाज और लकड़ी की सीढ़ी पर चप्पलों की आवाज आती और वह बिना कोट के झुका हुआ, चमड़े का पट पहने और बाजू को मोड़े हुए सामने आकर खड़ा हो जाता। वह ऐसे आकर खड़ा होता जैसे किसी ने उसे जूतों के सपने देखते हुए जगा दिया हो या जैसे उल्लू हैरान हो जाता है जब उसकी आँखों में रोशनी पड़ती है। वह इस जगाए जाने पर नाराज लगता।

Word Meaning: Guttural-Tip-tap sound = ठक-ठक की आवाज, Narrow-not wide = कम चौड़ा, Blinking-moving the eye-lid = झपकना, Annoyed-angry = गुस्सा, Interruption-to in. terference = रुकावट, हस्तक्षेप।

7.And L…………. Russian-leather boots?”
Without a …………….. gold-brown leather.
और मैं पूछता, “मिस्टर गैस्सलर आप कैसे हैं? क्या तुम मेरे लिए रूस के चमड़े का जूता बना सकते हो?”
बिना कुछ कहे वह मुझे आराम करते हुए छोड़ आता और जब तक वह आता मैं दुकान के दूसरे हिस्से में लकड़ी की कुर्सी पर बैठकर आराम करता रहता। जल्दी ही वह हाथ में सुनहरे-भूरे रंग के चमड़े को लिये वापिस आता।

8. With eyes ………………… my brudder.
“कितना सुन्दर चमड़ा है” जब मैं भी प्रशंसा करता तो वह दुबारा कहता, “तुम्हें कब चाहिए?” और मैं जवाब कहता, “ओह, जब तक आराम से तुम बना सकते हो।” और वह कहता, “पन्द्रह दिन में?” और अगर उसका भाई होता तो कहता “मैं अपने भाई से पूछकर बताऊँगा।”

Word Meaning: Remark-say = कहना, Admired-to like = प्रशंसा. Conveniently-comfortably = सुविधानुसार।

9. Then I …………………………….. of boots.
तब मैं बड़बड़ाते हुए कहता, “धन्यवाद ! गुड मॉर्निंग, मिस्टर गैस्सलर “गुड मॉर्निंग”, वह हाथ में पकड़े चमड़े की तरफ ध्यान देते हुए जवाब देना। और जैसे मैं दरवाजे की तरफ गया, मुझे उसकी चप्पलों की ठक-ठक की आवाज वापस ऊपर जाती सुनाई देती, उसके जूतों की दुनिया में।

Word Meaning: Murmura low indistinct sound = बड़बड़ाहट, बुदबुदाना, Restoring to bring back = वापस लाना।

10. I cannot ………………………. you know.” lle looked …………………………. then said:
मैं वह दिन नहीं भूल सकता जिस दिन मैंने कहा था “मिस्टर गैस्सलर वह जूतों का आखिरी जोड़ा आवाज करता था”। उसने बिना जवाब दिए मेरी तरफ देखा, जैसे वह आशा कर रहा हो कि मैं अपनी शिकायत वापस ले लूँगा, तब बोलाः

Word Meaning: occasion-Chance = मौका, Creaked-made sound = आवाज करना, Expecting-hope for = आशा, Withdraw-to take back = वापस लेना।

11. “ld shouldn’dave…….. … at dem”
“वह टूटने नहीं चाहिए थे।”
“पर वे हो गए मुझे खेद है।” “तुमने उन्हें जमने से पहले गीला कर दिया था।”
“मेरे ख्याल से नहीं।”
ऐसा कहने पर उसने अपनी आँखें नीचे की, जैसे कि वह उन जूतों को याद करने की कोशिश कर रहा हो। लेखक को इस बात का दुख हुआ कि उसने शिकायत करके उसकी भावनाओं को चोट पहँचाई है। फिर उसने लेखक से कहा, ‘उन्हें वापस भेज दो, मैं उन्हें देख लूंगा।’

Word Meaning: Lowered-to put down your eyes = आँखें नीची करना, Memory-something which can be rememberd = याद रखना, Graveserious = गम्भीर।

12. “Zome boods,” ………………. from birdt.
If I ………………. your bill.”
Once (once only)……………………. my foot.
मिस्टर गैस्सलर ने कहा कि कुछ जूते जन्म से ही बेकार होते हैं।
“अगर मैं उन्हें ठीक न कर सका तो इनके दाम तुम्हारे बिल से काट दूंगा।”
एक बार लेखक मिस्टर गैस्सलर की दुकान पर गया। उसने वह जूते पहने रखे थे जो उसने आकस्मिक आवश्यकता पड़ने पर एक बड़ी फर्म से खरीदे थे। उसने बिना चमड़ा दिखाए लेखक से आर्डर बुक कर लिया। लेखक उसकी (गैस्सलर की) आँखों को अपने जूतों का निरीक्षण करते हुए देख सकता था।

Word Meaning: Absent-mindedly-in a lost manner = खोया हुआ, Penetrating-to look deeply = गहनता स दखत हुए, Inferior-lowquality = घटिया।

13.At last ………………..quite comfortable.
आखिर में उसने कहाः “यह हमारे जूते नहीं हैं।” उसकी आवाज में न तो गुस्सा था, न दु:ख और न ही
अपमान। पर कुछ ऐसा (था) जिससे खून रुक गया। फिर उसने बाएँ जूते के एक स्थान पर अंगुली से दबाया जहाँ जूता आरामदायक नहीं था और लेखक से पूछा।

Word Meaning: Contempt-hate = नफरत, Endeavouring-try = प्रयास।

14. “Id ‘urds’……………………….. his trade.
“क्या जूता कष्ट देता है. ” फिर उसने तीखे स्वर में कहा कि इन बड़ी-बड़ी फर्मों का आत्म-सम्मान नहीं होता। पहली बार उसने अपने व्यवसाय की कठिनाइयों का वर्णन किया।

Word Meaning: Self-respect-respectable = आत्म-सम्मान, Bitterly-harshly = रूखे स्वर में, Hardships-difficulty = मुश्किलें।

15. “Deyget ……………………….. red beard!
उसने कहा कि बड़ी फमें अपने काम से नहीं, अपितु विज्ञापनों से अपना व्यापार चलाती हैं। वे उनसे काम छीन लेती हैं, जो अपने जूतों को प्यार करते हैं। अब यह हालत हो गई है कि उसके पास कोई काम नहीं है।

Word Meaning: Struggle difficulties = कठिनाइयाँ, Suddenly-at once = अचानक।

16.As best …………………………. two years.
लेखक ने उन परिस्थितियों को समझने का प्रयास किया जिनमें उसने वे जूते खरीदे थे। वह मिस्टर गैस्स्लर की दशा से इतना प्रभावित हुआ कि उसने कई जोड़ी जूते बनाने का आर्डर दे दिया। लेखक दो वर्ष तक उसकी दुकान पर न गया।

Word Meaning: Ill-omened-bad sign = अपशगुन, Impression-effect = प्रभाव, Conscientiously-sense of right or wrong = सदभावना से; विवेक से।

17. When at…………………. slippers began.
जब मैं गया तो देखकर आश्चर्य हुआ कि उसकी दुकान की दो खिड़कियों में से एक पर अन्य व्यक्ति के नाम का बोर्ड लगा हुआ था और वह भी किसी जूते बनाने वाले का ही था। इस बार पहले की अपेक्षा अधिक प्रतीक्षा करनी पड़ी और चप्पलों की ठक-ठक की आवाज आने लगी।

Word Meaning: Surprised-full of wonder = हैरान, Usual-common = सामान्य।

18. At last ………………………………… at it.
आखिर मेरे वह मेरे सामने आकर खड़ा हो गया और जंग लगे चश्मे से झाँकते हुए कहने लगा, आह! “मिस्टर गैस्सलर”, मैंने हकलाते हुए कहा कि पिछली बार उसके द्वारा बनाए गए जूते बहुत अच्छे थे तथा वे बहुत सालों तक चले। वास्तव में लेखक ने इतनी देर बाद उसकी दुकान पर आने का कारण बताना चाहा। उसने उसकी तरफ देखा।

Word Meaning: Stammered-to speak in shaking voice = हकलाना, Rusty-corroded = जंग लगा हुआ।

19. “Yes,” he…………………….. your shop?”
He answered …………………. some boods?”
“ठीक है.” उसने कहा, “ऐसा लगता है कि लोग अच्छे जूते नहीं चाहते। लेखक ने गैस्सलर की आँखों से बचने के लिए कहा, “आपने अपनी दुकान को क्या कर दिया?”
उसने चुपचाप उत्तर दिया, “इतना खर्च वहन करना बहुत कठिन था। क्या तुम्हें कोई जूते चाहिए?”

20. I ordered ………………….. quickly left. It was ……………… leather.
मैंने तीन जोड़े जूते बनाने का आर्डर दिया, यद्यपि दो ही चाहता था।
कई मास पश्चात् लेखक उसकी दुकान पर गया। इस बार ऐसा प्रतीत हुआ जैसे मिस्टर गैस्सलर का बड़ा भाई चमड़ा लेकर उसके सामने खड़ा हुआ है।

Word Meaning: Appeared-to come before = उपस्थित हुआ।

21. “Well, Mr Gessler,……………..is dead.” And I ……………………………….. am sorry!”
लेखक ने उसका हालचाल पूछा। उसने धीरे से कहा वह तो ठीक है, परंतु उसके बड़े भाई की मृत्यु हो गई है।
लेखक ने देखा कि वास्तव में स्वयं मिस्टर गैस्सलर ही उसके सम्मुख खड़ा हुआ था परंतु वह इतने ही कम समय में कितना वृद्ध और कमजोर हो गया था। उसने मिस्टर गैस्सलर के बड़े भाई की मृत्यु पर संवेदना व्यक्त की।

Word Meaning: Peered-to look constantly = लगातार घूरना, Murmured-toutter in low voice = बुदबुदाया।

22. “Yes,” he………………. beautiful biece.”
“ठीक है, “उसने जवाब दिया, “वह अच्छा आदमी था, उसने अच्छे जूते बनाए. परंतु उसके बड़े भाई की मृत्यु हो गई है।” और उसने सिर को ऊपर से छुआ, जहाँ से बाल बिल्कुल पतले हो गए थे जैसे कि उस बेचारे भाई के। यह उसकी मौत का कारण दर्शा रहा था। “क्या आपको कोई जूते चाहिए?” और उसने चमड़े को हाथ में पकड़ते हुए कहा, यह एक सुन्दर टुकड़ा है।

Word Meaning: Touched to touch = छूना, Suddenly-at once = अचानक,Cause-reason = कारण।

23. I ordered …………………………… abroad.
मैंने जूतों के कई जोड़े आर्डर किए। उनके आने में कई दिन लगे पर वह पहले से बहुत अच्छे थे। वे कभी भी फट नहीं सकते थे। उसके कुछ समय बाद ही लेखक विदेश चला गया।

Word Meaning: Several-a lot = अनेक।

24. It was …………………………. know me.
एक वर्ष बाद लेखक लन्दन आया। वह सर्वप्रथम अपने पुराने मित्र मिस्टर गैस्सलर की दुकान पर गया। विदेश जाने से पहले वह साठ वर्ष का व्यक्ति छोड़कर गया था, परंतु अब उसके सामने पचहत्तर वर्ष का व्यक्ति खड़ा था, जिसने उसे एकदम से नहीं पहचाना।

Word Meaning: Pinched-shrunk = free हुई, Genuinely-truth = सच।

25. “Do you ………………………. slack dime.” Ianswered: …………………….. every kind.”
उसने लेखक से पूछा कि, “क्या उसे जूते चाहिए?” और कहा कि, “वह जल्दी बना देगा, क्योंकि मंदा समय चल रहा है।” लेखक ने कई प्रकार के जूतों का आर्डर दे दिया।

26. I had ……. ……………………… own hand.
एक शाम को वह जूते आ गए। लेखक ने एक-एक करके जूतों को पहन कर देखा। वे हर प्रकार से उत्तम थे। लेखक ने उसे उसी समय उनकी कीमत का चैक भेज दिया।

Word Meaning: Quality-attribute = लक्षण, Posted-mail = डाक से भेजना।

27.A week ………………………… was gone. I went …………………. English face.
एक सप्ताह पश्चात् वहाँ से गुजरते हुए लेखक ने सोचा कि वह जाकर बताकर आएगा कि जूते कितने बढ़िया थे। पर जब वह वहाँ पहुँचा जहाँ दुकान होती थी तो उसने देखा कि मिस्टर गैसलर की दुकान की जगह और कोई बैठा था।
वह बहुत परेशानी में अंदर गया। दुकान में एक अंग्रेज़ी चेहरे वाला नवयुवक था।

Word Meaning: Splendidly-glorious = शानदार।

28. “Mr Gessler ………..Wednesday week.”

“क्या मिस्टर गैस्सलर अंदर है?” मैंने पूछा।
“नहीं श्रीमान्” उसने कहा, “नहीं, पर हम आपकी खुशी से सेवा कर सकते हैं। हमने दुकान का भार संभाल लिया है।”
“हाँ, हाँ,” मैंने कहा, पर ” श्रीमान् गैस्सलर” ओह! उसने जवाब में कहा, “उनकी मौत हो गई।”
“मर गए! पर मैंने पिछले बुधवार उनसे बहुत सारे जूते मँगवाए थे।

Word Meaning: Pleasure-happiness = खुशी, Received to get = मिलना।

29. “Ah!” he…………………. lost everybody.
ओह! उसने कहा, “उसकी मृत्यु का कारण भुखमरी है!” “हे भगवान!” डाक्टर ने कहा भुखमरी से वह मरे। वह इसी स्थिति में काम पर जाते रहे। दुकान चलती रही वह अपने अलावा किसी को भी आत्मा के समान जूतों को हाथ नहीं लगाने देता था। आर्डर मिलने पर वह पूरा समय लगाता था। लोग इतजार नहीं करते थे। उसने सारे ग्राहक खो दिए।

Word Meaning: Starvation-Suffer from extreme hunger = भूख से तड़पना, Except-Beside = अलावा।

30. And there ……… “But starvation – !”
और वहाँ वह बैठा रहता और लेखक ने कहा कि वह आते-जाते देखता कि लंदन में कोई भी व्यक्ति उससे अच्छे जूते नहीं बनाता। पर कितनी स्पर्धा है! उसने कभी भी विज्ञापन नहीं दिए। वह सबसे अच्छे चमड़े का प्रयोग करता था, और सारा काम स्वयं करता था। ठीक है, यह उसका नतीजा है। तुम उसके विचारों से क्या आशा कर सकते हो?” “पर भुखमरी!”

Word Meaning: Competition-act of competing = स्पर्धा।

31. “That may …………………..good boots.”
” यह कहना थोड़ी अतिशयोक्ति होगी पर मैं जानता हूँ कि वह दिन-रात आखिरी समय तक जूते बनाता रहता। मैंने उसे काम करते देखा है। कभी उसके पास खाने का समय न था और न ही उसके घर में एक भी पैसा था। सारा पैसा किराए और चमड़े में खर्च हो जाता था। हमें नहीं मालूम वह अब तक कैसे जिया। उसने बहुत कठिन परिश्रम किया। वह एक विशेष चरित्र का व्यक्ति था। पर वह अच्छे जूते बनाता था।”
“हाँ”, मैंने कहा, “वह अच्छे जूते बनाता था।”

Word Meaning: Character-Distinctive marle = चरित्र-चित्रण, Penny-coin = सिक्का।

Quality Summary in English

Gessler is a German shoemaker. He is perfectly skilled and devoted to their work. The writer knew Mr. Gessler from his youth. Mr. Gessler had actually two little shops. The boots made by him were mysterious and wonderful. He took such a long time that his customers kept on falling. Entering Mr. Gessler’s shop was like entering the Church. Gessler took a long time to appear. When he was disturbed from his work, he felt disturbed.

One day the writer explained to him that last pair of boots creaked. Gessler lowered his eyes. He seemed to be hunting for memory. He asked the writer to send them back. Once the writer went into the shop in a pair of shoes bought from a large firm in emergency. Gessler was very hurt. He talked against the large firms having, no self-respect. The writer tried to explain and ordered many pairs of shoes.

When writer visited ofter two years he was surprised to find that one part of shop had been let to other person. On being asked, Gessler replied that it was very expensive.

During next visit writer learnt that his elder brother had died. He expressed condolence. Writer ordered several pairs. When he went again after one year, he found Gessler to be very thin. Several pairs which he ordered arrived after many days. Writer went to thank Mr. Gessler after a week. On arriving there he learnt that Gessler had died. The poor man died of starvation.

Quality Summary in Hindi

सारांश गैस्सलर एक जूते बनाने वाला जर्मन नागरिक है। वह एक पूर्णरूपेण कुशल एवं अपने पेशे के प्रति लगनशील है लेखक मिस्टर गैस्सलर को उसकी युवावस्था से जानता है। मिस्टर गैस्सलर की दो दुकानें हैं। उसके द्वारा बनाए गए जुए रहस्यमय और शानदार होते थे। वह इतना समय लगाता था कि उसके ग्राहक कम होते रहे। मिस्टर गैस्सलर की दुकान में जाना गिरजाघर में जाने के बराबर था।

जब लेखक दुकान में गया तो गैस्सलर को आने में समय लगा। जब कोई उसे काम से उठाता तो उसे बरा लगता था। एक बार लेखक ने कहा कि उसके पिछले जूते आवाज करने लगे थे। गैस्सलर ने अपनी आँखें झुका लीं। वह शायद याद कर रहा था। उसने लेखक से उन्हें वापस भेजने को कहा। एक बार लेखक उसकी दुकान में किसी और फर्म से खरीदे हुए जूते पहन कर गया। गैस्सलर को बहुत दुःख हुआ। वह बड़ी फर्म के विरुद्ध बोलने लगा कि उनका कोई आत्म-सम्मान नहीं होता। लेखक ने उसे समझाकर कई जोड़े आर्डर कर दिए।

जब लेखक दो साल बाद गया तो वह देखकर हैरान हो गया कि दुकान का आधा हिस्सा किराए पर दिया हुआ था। पूछने पर गैस्सलर ने कहा कि बहुत महँगा पड़ रहा था।

अगले चक्कर पर लेखक को पता लगा कि गैस्सलर के बड़े भाई की मौत हो गई है। उसने शोक प्रकट किया और कई जोड़े जूते के लिए आदेश दे दिया। जब वह दुबारा एक साल बाद गया तो उसने पाया कि गैस्सलर बहुत दुबला हो गया था। कई जोड़े जिनका उसने आर्डर दिया था वह कई दिनों बाद पहुंचे। एक सप्ताह पश्चात् लेखक मिस्टर गैस्सलर को धन्यवाद करने गया। वहाँ पहुँचने पर उसको ज्ञात हुआ कि श्रीमान गैस्सलर की मौत हो गई है। बेचारा आदमी भुखमरी से मर गया।

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Hindi Solutions Vasant Chapter 19 आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Hindi Solutions Vasant Chapter 19 आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय

HBSE 7th Class Hindi आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय Textbook Questions and Answers

लेखा – जोखा

Class 7 Hindi Chapter 19 HBSE आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय प्रश्न 1.
हमारे यहाँ बहुत से काम लोग खुद नहीं करके किसी पेशेवर कारीगर से करवाते हैं। गांधी जी छेनी, हथौड़े, वसूले क्यों खरीदना चाहते होंगे?
उत्तर :
यह सही है कि हमारे यहाँ लोग काम खुद न करके किसी पेशेवर कारीगर से काम करवाना पसंद करते हैं और उनके पास अपने औजार होते हैं। गाँधी जी आश्रम के लिए छेनी, हथौड़े. बसूले इसलिए खरीदना चाहते थे ताकि आश्रम के लोग अपने हाथों से काम कर सकें। वे आश्रम में रहने वाले लोगों को काम करने के लिए प्रेरित करना चाहते थे। वे आश्रम को स्वावलंबी बनाना चाहते थे।

आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय Class 7 Hindi HBSE प्रश्न 2.
गाँधी जी ने अखिल भारतीय कांग्रेस सहित कई संस्थाओं व आंदोलनों का नेतृत्व किया। उनकी जीवनी या उन पर लिखी गई किताबों से उन अंशों को चुनिए जिनसे गाँधी जी की हिसाब-किताब में चुस्ती का पता चलता है ?
उत्तर :
गाँधी जी ने अखिल भारतीय कांग्रेस, कई संस्थाओं (खादी ग्रामोद्योग आदि) तथा आंदोलनों का सफल नेतृत्व किया। वे हिसाब-किताब रखने में प्रारंभ से ही चुस्त थे। इंग्लैंड में भी पढ़ाई के दौरान वे पाई-पाई का हिसाब रखते थे और प्रतिदिन अपनी रोकड़ मिला लेते थे। इसका उनकी आत्मकथा में भी उल्लेख है। वे इसी आदत के कारण सभी आंदोलनों को सफलतापूर्वक चला पाए, उन्हें कभी पैसे की कमी नहीं हुई।

प्रश्न 3.
मान लीजिए आपको कोई बाल आश्रम खोलना है। इस बजट से प्रेरणा लेते हुए उसका अनुमानित बजट बनाइए। इस बजट में दिए गए किन-किन मदों पर आप कितना खर्च करना चाहोगे। किन नए मदों को जोड़ना-हटाना चाहोगे?
उत्तर :
यदि हमें बाल-आश्रम खोलना है तो हमें निम्नलिखित मदों पर खर्च करना पड़ेगा
(100 बालकों का आश्रम)

• जमीन एवं मकानों की व्यवस्था पर : दो लाख रुपए
• बालकों के वस्त्रों पर खर्च : 20 हजार रुपए
• बच्चों के बिस्तरों पर खर्च : 10 हजार रुपए
• बच्चों की पुस्तकों पर खर्च : 10 हजार रुपए
• बच्चों के खाने पर खर्च : 20 हजार रुपए मासिक
• नौकरों के वेतन पर खर्च : 15 हजार रुपया मासिक (2 आया, 2 रसोइए. 1 चपरासी, 1 चौकीदार, 1 सफाई कर्मचारी)।

प्रश्न 4.
आपको कई बार लगता होगा कि आप कई छोटे-मोटे काम (जैसे-घर की पुताई. दूध दुहना, खाट बुनने का काम) करना चाहें तो कर सकते हैं। ऐसे कामों की सूची बनाइए जिन्हें आप चाहकर भी नहीं सीख पाए। कौन-से कारण रहे होंगे ? उन कामों की सूची भी बनाइए जिन्हें आप सीखकर ही दम लेंगे।
उत्तर :
वे काम जिन्हें हम चाहकर भी नहीं सीख पाए कारण

• खाना बनाने का काम : सिखाने वाला नहीं मिला।
• सिलाई करने का काम : सिखाने वाला नहीं मिला।
• पढ़न का काम : स्वयं ज्यादा न पढ़ सके।

पर मैं इन कामों के सीखने में पूरी तरह लगा हुआ हूँ। मैं इन कामों को सीखकर ही दम लूँगा।

प्रश्न 5. इस अनुमानित बजट को गहराई से पढ़ने के बाद आश्रम के उद्देश्यों और कार्यप्रणाली के बारे में क्या-क्या अनुमान लगाए जा सकते हैं ?
उत्तर :
इस अनुमानित बजट को गहराई से पढ़ने पर आश्रम के उद्देश्यों एवं कार्यप्रणाली के बारे में निम्नलिखित अनुमान लगाए जा सकते हैं
उद्देश्य :

• स्वावलंबन की भावना उत्पन्न करना।
• श्रम के प्रति सम्मान का भाव जगाना।
• सादा जीवन : उच्च विचार।
• कृषि कार्य में दक्षता लाना।

कार्यप्रणाली :
आश्रम की कार्यप्रणाली के बारे में कहा जा सकता है कि यह आपसी सहयोग- पर चलेगी। यहाँ रहकर सभी हाथ से काम करेंगे। यहाँ का जीवन सरल एवं प्राकृतिक होगा।

HBSE 7th Class Hindi आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय Important Questions and Answers

अति लघुत्तरात्मक प्रश्न

प्रश्न 1.
गाँधी जी अहमदाबाद में कौन-सा आश्रम स्थापित कर रहे थे?
उत्तर :
वे अहमदाबाद में साबरमती आश्रम स्थापित कर रहे थे।

प्रश्न 2.
आश्रम में कितने रसोईघर बनाने की सोची गई?
उत्तर :
तीन रसोईघर।

प्रश्न 3.
पुस्तकालय में कितनी पुस्तकें रखी जाती थीं?
उत्तर :
तीन हजार पुस्तकें।

प्रश्न 4.
स्टेशन से मेहमानों को कैसे लाया जाएगा?
उत्तर :
बैलगाड़ी द्वारा।

प्रश्न 5.
शिक्षण के सामान में कितने हथकरघों की आवश्यकता होगी?
उत्तर :
पाँच-छह देशी हथकरघों की आवश्यकता होगी।

लघुत्तरात्मक प्रश्न

प्रश्न 1.
आश्रम कहाँ स्थापित होने वाला था? इस आश्रम का नाम बताओ।
उत्तर :
यह आश्रम गुजरात के अहमदाबाद में स्थापित होने वाला था। यह साबरमती आश्रम था।

प्रश्न 2.
इस आश्रम में आरंभ में कितने व्यक्तियों के रहने की संभावना थी और बाद में कितने?
उत्तर :
इस आश्रम में आरंभ में चालीस व्यक्तियों के रहने की संभावना थी। बाद में इनकी संख्या 50 होने वाली थी।

प्रश्न 3.
आश्रम में गाँधी जी इतने सारे औजारों को एकत्रित करना क्यों चाह रहे थे ?
उत्तर :
गाँधी जी आश्रम की पांच एकड़ जमीन पर खेती कराना चाहते थे। इसके साथ-साथ वे अनेक प्रकार की दस्तकारियाँ वहाँ चलाना चाहते थे। इन सभी कामों के लिए काफी संख्या में औजारों की आवश्यकता पड़ने वाली थी।

आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय गद्यांश पर आधारित अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न

1. आरंभ में ……………….. एक साथ।

अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न :
1. आरंभ में आश्रम में कितने लोगों की व्यवस्था की गई?
2 हर महीने कितने अतिथियों के आने की संभावना जवाई गई?
3. किस प्रकार की व्यवस्था होने की बात सोची गई?
उत्तर:
1. आरंभ में आश्रम में 40 लोगों की व्यवस्था की गई।
2. हर महीने औसतन 10 अतिथियों के आने की संभावना जताई गई।
3. अतिथियों में 3 या 5 सपरिवार अलग रखने की तथा शेष के एक साथ रहने की संभावना जताई गई।

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्न सही उत्तर चुनकर लिखिए

1. कुछ समय बाद कितनी संख्या होने की संभावना थी?
(क) 30
(ख) 40
(ग) 50
(घ) 60
उत्तर :
(ग) 50

2. सपरिवार रहने वाले कितने अतिथि होंगे?
(क) 2
(ख) 3
(ग) 5
(घ) 3 से 5
उत्तर :
(घ) 3 से 5

2. मुझे मालूम ………………… सकती है।

अर्थग्रहण संबंधी प्रश्न :
1. किसे क्या बात मालूम हुई?
2 किसकी, क्या मांग थी?
3. विचार बदलने पर क्या लगता है?
4. इस विवरण में क्या संभव है?
उत्तर:
1. मोहनदास कर्मचंद गाँधी को यह बात मालूम हुई कि प्रमुख लोगों की यह इच्छा है कि अहमदाबाद में आश्रम स्थापित कर चलाने का प्रयोग एक वर्ष तक किया जाए।
2. गाँधी जी की मांग तो यह भी थी कि यदि अहमदाबाद की पूरी ज़मीन और मकान आदि दे दे तो वे बाकी खर्च कहीं और से जुटा लेंगे।
3. विचार बदलने पर ऐसा लगता है कि वर्ष या इससे कुछ कम दिनों का खर्च अहमदाबाद को उठाना चाहिए।
4. खर्च के इस विवरण में यह संभव है कि कुछ मदें उनसे छूट गई हों। उन्हें खाने के खर्च के अलावा स्थानीय स्थितियों की भी जानकारी नहीं है। अत: अनुमान में भूल संभव है।

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्न सही उत्तर चुनकर लिखिए

1. प्रमुख लोगों की क्या इच्छा थी?
(क) अहमदाबाद में यह प्रयोग नहीं किया जाए
(ख) अहमदाबाद में यह प्रयोग एक वर्ष तक किया जाए
(ग) अहमदाबाद ज़मीन और मकान दे दे।
(घ) पूरा खर्च अहमदाबाद को उठाना चाहिए।
उत्तर :
(ख) अहमदाबाद में यह प्रयोग एक वर्ष तक किया जाए

2. यदि अहमदाबाद एक वर्ष का खर्च उठाने को तैयार न हो तब क्या होगा?
(क) गाँधी जी खाने का इंतजाम कर सकते हैं
(ख) रहने का इंतजाम लोगों को स्वयं करना होगा
(ग) स्थानीय स्थितियों की जानकारी ली जाएगी
(घ) पूरा खर्च गाँधी जी उठाएँगे।
उत्तर :
(क) गाँधी जी खाने का इंतजाम कर सकते हैं

आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय Summary in Hindi

आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय पाठ का सार

महात्मा गाँधी जी ने दक्षिण अफ्रीका से लौटकर अहमदाबाद में एक आश्रम की स्थापना की। गाँधी जी ने इस आश्रम के प्रारंभिक सदस्यों एवं खर्चे का विवरण तैयार किया। इस संस्था में आरंभ में 40 लोग होंगे। हर महीने दस अतिथियों के आने की संभावना प्रकट की गई। इनमें तीन या पाँच सपरिवार रहेंगे। उनके लिए अलग से स्थान की जरूरत होगी। आश्रम में तीन रसोईघर तथा रहने के लिए मकान के लिए 50 000 वर्ग फुट क्षेत्रफल की आवश्यकता समझी गई। इसके अलावा 3000 पुस्तकों के रखने के लिए पुस्तकालय और अलमारियों की भी आवश्यकता थी।

कम-से-कम पाँच एकड़ जमीन खेती के लिए भी चाहिए। तीस आदमियों को काम करने के लिए खेती के औजार, कुदालियाँ, फावड़ों और खुरपों की भी जरूरत होगी।

इन चीजों में 5 हथौड़े, 3 बसूले. 5 छोटी हथौड़ियाँ, 2 एरन, 3 बम, 10 छेनियाँ, 4 रंदे, 1 सालनी, 4 केतियाँ, 4 बेधनियाँ, 4 आरियाँ, 65 संडासियों, 1 मोंगरा की जरूरत आँकी गई। इन पर कुल व्यय 500 रु. आँका गया। रसोई के लिए आवश्यक सामान पर 150 रु. खर्च होने थे। खाने का खर्च 10 रुपए मासिक प्रति व्यक्ति लगाया गया। वर्ष भर में औसतन 50 लोगों का खर्च 6,000 रुपए होगा। गाँधी जी को पता चला कि प्रमुख लोगों को यह इच्छा है कि अहमदाबाद में यह प्रयोग एक वर्ष तक किया जाए।

अहमदाबाद को ऊपर बताया सब खर्च उठाना चाहिए। यदि अहमदाबाद एक वर्ष के खर्च का बोझ उठाने को तैयार न हो तो गाँधी जी खाने के इंतजाम का खर्च उठाने की व्यवस्था कर सकते थे। गाँधी जी यह मानते हैं कि यह संभव है कि उनसे खर्च की कुछ मदें छूट गई हों।

यदि अहमदाबाद सब खर्च उठाए तो विभिन्न मदों पर खर्च इस प्रकार होगा

• किराया : बंगला और खेत की जमीन
• किताबों की अलमारियों का खर्च
• बढ़ई के औजार
• मांची के औजार
• चौके का सामान
• एक बैलगाड़ी या घोड़ा गाड़ी
• एक वर्ष के लिए खाने का खर्च : 6,000 रु.।

गाँधी जी का ख्याल था कि उन्हें लुहार और राज के औजारों की भी जरूरत होगी किंतु उनका खर्च और शिक्षण-संबंधी सामान का खर्च इसमें शामिल नहीं किया गया है। शिक्षण के सामान में 5-6 देशो हाथ-करघों की जरूरत होगी।

उनके घरेलू सामान की सूची:
4 पतीले-चालीस आदमियों का खाना बनाने के योग्य; 2 छोटी पतौलियाँ दस आदमियों के योग्य; 3 पानी भरने के पतीले या ताँबे के कलशे; 4 मिट्टी के घड़े; 4 तिपाइयाँ; 1 कढ़ाई दस रतल खाना पकाने योग्य; 3 कलछियाँ; 2 आटा गूंधने की परातें;। पानी गर्म करने का बड़ा पतीला; 3 केतलियाँ: 5 बाल्टियाँ या नहाने का पानी रखने के बर्तन; 5 पतोरने के ढक्कन; 5 अनाज रखने के लिए बर्तन: 3 तइयाँ; 10 थालियाँ 10 कटोरिया; 10 गिलास; 10 प्याले; 4 कपड़े धोने के टय; 2 छलनियाँ;। पीतल की छलनी; 3 चक्कियाँ; 10 चम्मच;। का; हमामदस्तामसूली; 3 झाडू; 6 कुर्सियाँ; 3 मेज; 6 किताबें रखने की अलमारियाँ; 30 दवातें; 6 काले तख्ते; 6 रैक; 3 भारत के नक्शे; 3 दुनिया के नक्शे; 2 बंबई अहाते क नक्शे;। गुजरात का नक्शा; 5 हाथ-करघेः बढ़ई के औजार मोची के औजार, खेती के औजार; 4 चारपाइयाँ;। गाड़ी; 5 लालटेन: 3 कमोड; 10 गद्दे; 3 चैंबर पॉट; 4 सड़क की बत्तियाँ। (वैशाख बदी 13, मंगलवार, 11 मई 1915)

अहमदाबाद में स्थापित आश्रम का संविधान स्वयं गाँधीजी ने तैयार किया था। इस संविधान के मसविदे से पता चलता है कि वह भारतीय जीवन का निर्माण किस प्रकार करना चाहते थे।

आश्रम का अनुमानित व्यय शब्दार्थ

आनुमानिक = अंदाजे से (Estimated) व्यय = खर्च (Expenditure)। आरंभ = शुरू (Starting)।अतिथि = मेहमान (Guest)।व्यवस्था = इंतजाम (Arrangement) आवश्यक = जरूरी (Necessary)। प्रमुख = खास (Inspartav)। स्थानीय = स्थान विशेष की (Local)। विभिन्न = अलग अलग (Different)। मद = शीर्ष (Head)।