Haryana State Board HBSE 10th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 10th Class Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity
HBSE 10th Class Civics Democracy and Diversity Intext Questions and Answers
Let Us Debate based Question (Page 31)
Civics Chapter 3 Class 10 Important Questions HBSE Question 1.
Some Dalit groups decided to participate in the UN Conference Against Racism in Durban in 2001, demanding the inclusion of caste in the agenda of this conference. Here are three reactions to this move:
Amandeep Kaur (a government official): Our constitution declares caste discrimination to be illegal. If some caste discrimination continues, it is an internal matter. I am opposed to this being raised in an international forum.
Oinam (a sociologist): I am opposed to this because caste and race are not similar divisions. Caste is a social division, while race is a biological one. Raising caste in this conference on racism would mean equating the two.
Ashok (a Dalit activist): The argument about internal matter is a way of preventing open discussion of oppression and discrimination. Race is not purely biological. It is as much a legal and sociological category as caste. Caste discrimination must be raised in this conference. Which of the three opinions do you agree with most and why ?
Answer:
I agree with Ashok’s views, we should not prevent people from an open discussion of oppression and discrimination on the premise of it being an internal state matter. We cannot discriminate people and divide them based on intellectual grounds. We cannot be a democratic nation and a free society if there is apprehension and discrimination in our society. Open debate is one of the indicators of a democratic society which values equality.
Munni and Unni’s Question (Page 31)
Class 10 Civics Chapter 3 Question Answer HBSE Question 2.
I met this group of girls from Pakistan and felt that I had more in common with them than many girls from other parts of my own country. Is this anti-national to feel so?
Answer:
No, it is not anti-national to feel so. It is quite common that people belonging to different regions or nations can have common liking and interests. For example, the girls from Pakistan may like Hollywood movies, south Indian food and Thai food like any other girl from India.
Cartoon-based Question (Page 32)
Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity HBSE 10th Class Question 3.
A cartoon like this can be read by different people to mean different things. What does this cartoon mean to you ? How do other students in your class read this?
Answer:
The giant in the cartoon is going to cut his black colour hand which is different from his other white hand. His small head reflects that he fails to realize that this stupid act would cripple him for life, it definitely reflects how a narrow-minded society can harm itself by keeping a biased discrimination among its own people. Other students in my class may have different opinions or perspectives.
Poster-based Question (Page 33)
Democracy and Diversity Chapter 3 HBSE 10th Class Question 4.
Read these two poems by Dalit writers. Why do you think the poster is titled ‘Hidden Apartheid’ ?
Answer:
The first poem reveals that social discrimination is nearing its end. Everyone is using the same tap-water. The second poem presents the horrible scene of poverty. If mother is not able to sell the firewood, the family members will sleep hungry as there is no another source of income. These examples reflect social discrimination being practised in the society. So, these have a proper heading i.e., ‘Hidden Apartheid’.
Let us Revise based on Question (Page 34)
Question 5.
Imrana is a student of Class X, section B. She and all her classmates are planning to help students of Class XI in giving a farewell party to the students of Class XII. Last month she played for section team in a game of kho-kho against the team of Class X, section A. She goes back home in a bus and joins all the students from various classes. They all come from trans-Yamuna Area in Delhi. Back home, she often joins her elder sister Naima, in complaining against her brother who does no work at home, while the sisters are asked to help their mother. Her father is looking for a good match for her elder sister, from a Muslim family with a similar economic status from their own ‘biradari’.
Can you list the various kinds of identities Imrana has?
Answer:
| At home | she is | a girl. |
| In terms of religion | she is | a Muslim. |
| In the school | she is | a student of class X. |
| In class | she is | a student of section B. |
| In the family | she is | the younger sister of Naima. |
Plus-Box Based Questions (Page 35)
Question 6.
Bulgaria, Romania or India?
(a) Do you think Mahashweta is right? Do you know of some community in your area that is treated like the Romas?
Answer:
Yes, I agree with Mahashweta. In India, there are also some communities, like Nats and Banjaras, which are treated like the Romas.
(b) Have you heard people say things similar to what Yordanka or Modruzeni say here? If yes, try to think of what the story would sound like if you heard it from the other
Answer:
Yes. It will be as if someone has shown a mirror to our face. We must improve the way we treat the deprived people. Instead of looking upon their conditions. We should think why have they reached this condition.
(c) Do you think the Bulgarian government should try to ensure that the Roma people dress and behave like other people from Bulgaria?
Answer:
No, Bulgarian government should not try this. A democratic society or nation gives freedom to its people to dress the way they like unless it harms others.
Poster-Based Question (Page 36)
Question 7.
In some societies of Northern Ireland, the colonies of Protestant and Catholic communities are divided by walls. These walls are sometimes filled with graffiti as you can see here. The Irish Republican Army and British Government signed an agreement in 2005. What does the graffiti here tell about the conflict in the society ?
Answer:
Here, the graffiti tells that there was racial discrimination in the U.K. during the decade of 1966. The people of London made a distinction with the Black and Irish-born people. The other picture tells that in 2005, racial discrimination was towards an end in Belfast. Now, people treat each other as equals.
Question 8.
Can you think of some examples of social division or discrimination in the field of sports ? (Page 37)
Answer:
(i) Some decades ago, the South African team did not allow blacks in their cricket and sport teams.
(ii) Even in many sports like tennis in India, there is inequality in funding and provisioning of to women teams as compared to men teams.
Munni and Unni’s Questions (Page 37)
Question 9.
So, you are saying that too many small divisions are better than a single big division? Are you also saying that politics is a force of unity ?
Answer:
‘Social diversity’ is the main cause of ‘social division’. Social diversity gives birth to differences and these differences bring social division. It is to be decided by the government whether the division is good or not.
HBSE 10th Class Civics Democracy and Diversity Textbook Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Discuss three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions.
OR
Identify the determinants of the outcomes of the politics of social division and expand on them. (CBSE 2010”
Answer:
There are three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions :
(i) People’s Perception : If people see their identities in singular and exclusive terms, it becomes very difficult to accommodate. As the people in Northern Ireland saw themselves as only Catholic or Protestant their conflict grew. On the other hand, it is much easier to accommodate, if the people see that their identities are multiple. For example, most of the people in our country think themselves as Indians, as well as belonging to a State or community.
(ii) Attitude of Political Leaders : it depends on how the political leaders raise the demand of any community. It is easier to accommodate demands that are within the constitutional framework and are not at the cost of another commun’ ;y. For example, in Sri Lanka, the demand for ‘only Sinhalese’ was at the cost of the interest of Tamils.
(iii) Reaction of Government : It depends on how the government reacts to demands of different groups. As we saw in the examples of Belgium and Sri Lanka, if the rulers are willing to share power and accommodate the reasonable demands of minority community, social divisions become less threatening for the country. But if they try to suppress such a demand in the name of national unity, the result will be quite opposite, as we saw in Sri Lanka.
Question 2.
When does a social difference become a social division ? (CBSE 20151
Answer:
A social difference refers to the difference among groups of people due to their religion, race, culture and language, etc. It becomes a social division when a little social difference is combined with another set of social differences. In other words, when two or more social differences join together, it turns into a social division. For instance, the difference in the Blacks and the Whites in the United States of America is due to their different race, which is a social difference. It becomes a social division when the income factor is also added. The Black tend to be poor, homeless and discriminated and the Whites tend to be rich and educated. These multiple differences produce social division.
Question 3.
How do social divisions affect politics? Give two examples. (CBSE 2012′
Answer:
The combination of social division and politics is very dangerous and explosive. Democracy involves competition among various political parties. This competition divides the society. These social divisions bring the political division. At last, this causes conflict, violence, and even disintegration of the country.
Example of Northern Ireland:
its population is divided into two major sects of Christianity – Protestants and Roman Catholics. The Protestants were represented by Unionists and the Roman Catholics were represented by Nationalists. Nationalists wanted Northern Ireland to be unified with the Irish Republic, while Unionists wanted it to remain a part of the United Kingdom.
Example of Yugoslavia:
Yugoslavia was a combination of diverse people. After World War II, the different nationalities of Yugoslavia demanded more autonomy from Belgrade, capital city of Yugoslavia, into six independent countries.
Question 4.
social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.
Answer:
Overlapping, Cross-cutting.
Question 5.
In dealing with social divisions which one of the following statements is not correct about democracy ?
(a) Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics.
(b) In a democracy, it is possible for communities to voice their grievances in a peaceful manner.
(c) Democracy is the best way to accommodate social diversity.
(d) Democracy always leads to disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.
Answer:
(d) Democracy always leads to disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.
Question 6.
Consider the following three statements :
A. Social divisions take place when social differences overlap.
B. It is possible that a person can have multiple identities.
C. Social divisions exist in only big countries like India.
Which of the statements is /are correct?
(a) A, B and C
(b) A and B
(c) B and C
(d) only C
Answer:
(b)AandB.
Question 7.
Arrange the following statements in a logical sequence and select the right answers by using the code given below:
A But all political expressions of social divisions need not be always dangerous.
B. Social divisions of one kind or the other exist in most countries.
C. Parties try to win political support by appealing to social divisions.
D. Some social differences may result in social divisions.
(a) D, B, C, A
(b) D, B, A, C
(c) D, A, C, B
(d) A, B, C, D.
Answer:
(a) D, B, C, A.
Question 8.
Among the following, which country suffered disintegration due to political fights on the basis of religious and ethnic identities?
(a) Belgium
(b) India
(c) Yugoslavia
(d) the Netherlands
Answer:
(c) Yugoslavia.
Question 9.
Read the following passage from a famous speech by Martin Luther King Jr. in 1963. Which social division is he talking about? What are his aspirations and anxieties? Do you see a relationship between this speech and the incident in Mexico Olympics mentioned in this chapter?
“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character. Let freedom ring. And when this happens, and when we allow freedom to ring – when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children-black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics- will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual: ‘Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last! I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.”
Answer:
Social division: In the given speech, Martin Luther King Jr. is talking about the social division between the Blacks and the Whites in America. The social division is based on colour and social differences in the Afro-American society of the USA. Aspirations and anxieties of Martin Luther King Jr. : Martin Luther King Jr. aspires to see a world, free of social discrimination. He wishes to see a world where everybody is treated equally irrespective of caste, colour or creed. He dreamt of a world where equal opportunities are available to everyone and every group’s social and economic interests are recognised and respected.
His anxieties are, that the fight against colour and social discrimination will get success only after a long struggle. He is very hopeful about his success. Relationship between Incident of Mexico Olympics and Martin’s speech : In August 1963, Martin Luther King led a march to Washington D. C. and delivered his famous speech ‘I have a dream’, from Capital Hill. His statements are related to Mexico Olympics, 1968, in which two African-Americans named Tommie Smith and John Carlos won the Gold and Bronze medal respectively. They tried to draw international attention towards racial discrimination in the United States.