HBSE 10th Class Science Notes Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

Haryana State Board HBSE 10th Class Science Notes Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources Notes.

Haryana Board 10th Class Science Notes Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

What Happens When we Add Our Waste to the Environment?

Natural resources:

  • The resources which occur naturally, and which cannot be created by man, are called natural resources. The components of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere which are used for the maintenance of life are called natural resources.
  • Water, land, air, forests, minerals, plants and animals are also natural resources.

Five R’s for saving the environment:
Refuse:
Refuse refers to the concept of saying No to things that people offer you but you do not need. In other words one must refuse unnecessary things. Example: Refuse to use single-use plastic carry bags.

HBSE 10th Class Science Notes Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

Reduce:
Reduce means to use less. One can reduce the burden on environment by reducing consumption. Example: Instead of washing the car with pipes wipe it with wet cloth. Reducing wastage of food

Reuse:
The method of reuse refers to using an item again and again rather than throwing it away. Example: Rather than using plastic bags, buy proper shopping bags made out of cloth.

Repurpose:
At times when a product cannot be used further for its original purpose than use it for some other use. This is called repurpose. Example: We can make cloth bags from old trousers.

Recycle:
The action or process of converting waste into reusable material is called recycling.
Under recycling one can collect material such as plastic, paper, glass and metal items and recycle them to make required things instead of synthesizing or extracting fresh plastic, paper, glass or metal.

Sustainable development:
Economic development done without depleting the natural resources is called sustainable development.

HBSE 10th Class Science Notes Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

Biodiversity:
The diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat or in the world as a whole is called biodiversity.

Stakeholder:
A person with an interest or concern in something is called the stake holder.

Stakeholders of forests:

  • People who live in or around forests are dependent on forest produce for various aspects of their life.
  • The Forest Department of the Government which owns the land and controls the resources from forests.
  • The industrialists. All the industrialists covering those who use ‘tendu’ leaves to make bidis to the ones who owns paper mills. All those who use various forest produce, but are not dependent on the forests of any one area. In other words, they may source raw material from any forest.
  • The wildlife and nature enthusiasts who want to conserve nature in its pristine form.

Dependency on water:

  • Usually man depends upon fresh water for fulfilling his daily requirements.
  • Irregularities in the rainfall may create flood or drought, thus imbalancing the quantity of fresh water on earth and causing disasters. Thus, life on earth is fully dependent on fresh water.

Construction of large dams is criticized mainly because of the following three problems:

  • Social problems: Construction of large dams requires displacing large number of peasants and tribals residing nearby without paying them adequate compensation or rehabilitation. This leads to social problems.
  • Economic problems: Such dams swallow huge amount of public money and do not generate proportionate benefits.
  • Environmental problems: Massive construction of dams leads to large scale deforestation and huge loss to biological diversity.
  • People who have been displaced by various development projects are largely poor tribals. They face dual loss – first they have to give their land and access to forests without receiving proper compensation and second they do not even get any benefit from such projects.

HBSE 10th Class Science Notes Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

Watershed:
Any surface area from which draining of water resulting from rainfall is collected and drained through a common point is called a watershed. Watershed is similar to drainage basin or catchment area.

Watershed management:
The process of adopting practices of ‘land use’ and ‘water management’ in order to protect and improve the quality of the water and other natural resources within a watershed is known as watershed management.

Water-harvesting:
In general, water harvesting is the activity of collecting the water directly. The rainwater so collected can be stored for direct use or can be recharged into the groundwater.

Coal and petroleum:
Coal and petroleum are fossil fuels. Thesewere formed due to the degradation of bio mass millions of years ago. It is estimated that petroleum discovered so far will last for about 40 years and coal for about 200 years. Hence, it is utmost important to preserve them. Methods of conserving fossil fuels.

  • Making maximum use of renewable energy
  • Using public transport, constructing efficient building, etc.
  • Developing more efficient engines for the vehicles
  • Protecting fossil fuels from accidental fires

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