Haryana State Board HBSE 8th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 1 How, When and Where Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 8th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 1 How, When and Where
HBSE 8th Class History How, When and Where Textbook Questions and Answers
LET’S RECALL
History Chapter 1 Class 8 HBSE Question 1.
State whether true or false :
(a) James Mill divided Indian history into three periods: Hindu, Muslim, Christian.
(b) Official documents help us understand what the people of the country think.
(c) The British thought surveys were important for effective administration.
Answer:
(a) False
(b) False
(c) True.
LETS DISCUSS
Class 8 Chapter 1 History HBSE Question 2.
What is the problem with the periodisation of Indian history that James Mill offers?
Answer:
(a) James Mill divided history on the basis of religion of the rulers of the times. However, a variety of faiths existed simultaneously in these periods.
(b) Mill, through his periodisation suggested that British rule could civilize India. He was of opinion that the British should conquer all the territories in India to ensure the enlightenment as if India was not capable of progress without British help.
Chapter 1 History Class 8 HBSE Question 3.
Why did the British preserve documents?
Answer:
The British preserved official documents because they liked to have permanent record of every instruction, plan, policy, agreement. They believed that things could be properly studied and debated once we had such records.
8th Class History Chapter 1 HBSE Question 4.
How will the information historians get from old newspapers be different from that found in police reports?
Answer:
Usually the newspaper reports are not biased. These reports explain the fact as it was. Most of the times, these do not try to manipulate the event. These represent the true story of the event with every detail. On the other hand, the official reports are usually biased. These are written as per the will of the senior officials. These reports may carry the biased view of the reporting police officer. Thus if the historians are based only on the police reports, they may become misguided.
LETS DO
History Class 8 Chapter 1 HBSE Question 5.
Can you think of examples of surveys in your world today? Think about how toy companies get information about what young people enjoy playing with or how the government finds out about the number of the students, their bio-data and a brief history of their lives.
Answer:
Yes, there are many examples of surveys in world today. The administrative, botanical and market surveys help to know about the needs and aspirations of the people. The government finds out about the information of employees through the records and reports of school authorities.
HBSE 8th Class History How, When and Where Important Questions and Answers
Very Short Answer Type Questions
8 Class History Chapter 1 Question Answer HBSE Question 1.
Are official records a good source for writing colonial history? Why?
Answer:
No. This is because, most of the time, the writers of these records were biased.
History Class 8 Chapter 1 Question Answer HBSE Question 2.
Why do we divide history into different periods.
Answer:
We divide history into different periods to capture the characteristics of a time, its central features as they appear before us.
History How When And Where HBSE 8th Class Question 3.
Name any four British Governor- Generals in India.
Answer:
- Warren Hastings
- Lord Wellesley
- William Bentick
- Lord Dalhousie.
History 8th Class HBSE Question 4.
How far are dates important for study of history?
Answer:
Dates are important for study of history as we focus on a particular set of events as important. If the focus of our study changes, we begin to look at new issues and a new set of dates gains significance.
8th History Chapter 1 HBSE Question 5.
Why is the study of history divided into chapters?
Answer:
We divide the study of history into chapters because to tell some events or story in chronological order makes sense. It is also to give each chapter some coherence.
Class 8 History Chapter 1 Questions And Answers HBSE Question 6.
According to Mill’s telling of history, who ruled India before the British came to India?
Answer:
According to Mill’s telling of history, Hindu and Muslim despots ruled the country.
Class 8 History Chapter 1 HBSE Question 7.
In what parts have historians divided Indian history?
Answer:
Historians have divided Indian history into three parts—‘ancient’, ‘medieval’ and ‘modern’.
8th Class History 1st Chapter Question Answer Question 8.
What is colonisation?
Answer:
When the subjugation of one country by another leads to political, economic, social and cultural changes in such a way to give the control to the supreme country, it is called colonisation.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is history? How has the study of history evolved over time?
Answer:
History is the study of changing patterns in society. It tells us about how things were in the past and how they have changed over the years. Over the years, history has developed and evolved. Ancient history revolved about the dates on which rulers were crowned or battles were fought. Now, history has become the study of common people, their lives and also about new ideas.
Question 2.
Write any two issues that modern day historians like to write.
Answer:
- They like to write on how people earned their livelihood.
- They like to write on what people produced and ate.
Question 3.
How did the British colonise Indian territories?
Answer:
The British colonised Indian territories by:
- establishing control over the economy and society.
- collecting revenue to meet all their expenses.
- buying the goods they wanted at low prices.
- producing crops they needed for export.
Question 4.
What were the kinds of surveys the British conducted in the early nineteenth century?
Answer:
By the early nineteeth century, the British conducted following surveys :
- Revenue surveys were conducted in the villages to know about the topography, the soil quality, the flora and the fauna, the local histories and the cropping pattern.
- Census operations were held to know the detailed records of the number of people, religions and occupations.
- Botanical surveys, archaeological surveys, anthropological surveys, forests surveys etc.
Question 5.
What were the purposes of surveys?
Answer:
Revenue surveys were conducted by the British to know the topography, the soil quality, the flora, the fauna, the local histories, the cropping pattern and many other things. They all helped them in proper administration.
Question 6.
What do the official records of the British tell us?
Answer:
The official records tell us:
- What the British officials thought.
- What they were interested in.
- What they wished to preserve for posterity.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Mill justified the British rule in India. How is it clear through his periodisation of history? What were the drawbacks in his classification?
Answer:
James Mill divided history of India into three periods – Hindu, Muslim and British. He advocated that:
- All Asian societies were at a lower level of civilisation than Europe.
- During the reign of Hindus and Muslim rulers, the social life in India was domi-nated by cast taboos, religious intolerance and superstitious practices.
- India was not able to progress without British help.
There were drawbacks in his classification because:
- It ignored the significant historical developments in the society, economy or culture.
- This division ignored the rich diversity of the sub-continent.
Question 2.
What are the important sources of studying a history?
Answer:
Historians use different types of sources to study about history. They are as follows:
(a) Official records: The official records of the British administration are an important source of historical events. The records of plan, instruction, policy, agreements were kept in a written form. With the spread of printing, multiple copies of these records were printed.
(b) Surveys: The different types of surveys (like population, botanical, zoological, archaeological, anthropological, forest surveys), have been conducted from time- to-time. The survey reports help to know about the people of the past.
(c) Other sources: These sources include:
- Personal diaries.
- Accounts of pilgrims and travellers.
- Autobiographies of important people.
- Newspapers.
- Stories, poems and novels.
Source-Based Questions
Reports to the Home Department;
In 1946 the colonial government in India was trying to put down a mutiny that broke out on the ships of the Royal Indian Navy. Here is a sample of the kind of reports the Home Department got from the different dockyards:
→ Bombay: Arrangements have been made for the Army to takeover ships and establish¬ment. Royal Navy ships are remaining outside the harbour.
→ Karachi : 301 mutineers are under arrest and a few more strongly suspected are to be arrested … All establishments … are under military guard.
→ Vizagapatnam : The position is completely under control and no violence has occurred. Military guards have been placed on ships and establishments. No further trouble is expected except that a few men may refuse to work.
Read the source given above and answer the following questions :
Question 1.
Where did the mutiny break out?
Answer:
The mutiny broke out on the ships of the Royal Indian Navy.
Question 2.
What arrangements were made at Bombay dockyard?
Answer:
Arrangements were made for the army to take over ships and establishment.
Question 3.
Where the position was under control and no violence had occured?
Answer:
Vizagapatnam.
Question 4.
Who had submitted the report?
Answer:
Director of Intelligence, HQ India Command Situation.
Picture-Based Questions
Question I.
Look at the picture and answer the following questions.
Question 1.
What event Is shown in the picture?
Answer:
The rebels of 1857.
Question 2.
Where are such images found?
Answer:
Such images are found in several illustrated books produced bythe British after the 1857 rebellion.
How, When and Where Class 8 HBSE Notes
- Historians : Those scholars who study different sources related with past and prepare details. They also study causes and effects of different events, revolutions, movements and different aspects of life.
- Advertisement: The public announcement in newspaper, legal notice.
- Chronology : The science or method of computing dates.
- Topography : The detailed description on a map.
- Calligraphist: A person who is specialised in the art of beautiful writing.
- Governor-General: Administrative head of the British rule in India.
- Taboos: Something that explains ‘Do Nots’.
- Tehsildar : A local administrative officer that kept record of revenue during the British rule in India.