Haryana State Board HBSE 10th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 10th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture
HBSE 10th Class Geography Agriculture Intext Questions and Answers
Textbook (Page No. 34)
Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Solutions HBSE Question 1.
Can you name some industries based on agricultural raw material?
Answer:
- Cotton Textile Industry
- Rubber Industry
- Tea Industry
- Perfume Industry
- Sugar Industry
- Oil Industry.
HBSE 10th Class Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Question 2.
Can you name some such types of farmings?
Answer:
Yes. These are
- Jhumming in Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland.
- Bewar or Dahiya in Madhya Pradesh.
- Podu or Penda in Andhra Pradesh.
- Pama Dabi or Bringa in Odisha.
- Kumari in Western Ghats.
- Khil in Himalayan belt.
- Kuruwa in Jharkhand.
- Valre or Waltre in South-Eastern Rajasthan.
Textbook (Page No. 35)
Agriculture Chapter 4 Geography HBSE 10th Class Question 3.
Can you name the type of farming Rinjha’s family is engaged in?
Answer:
Slash and bum agriculture.
Question 4.
Can you enlist some crops which are grown in such farming?
Answer:
Normally, dry paddy, maize, millets and vegetables are grown in such farming.
Question 5.
Can you name some of the states of India where such farming is practised?
Answer:
- Assam
- Meghalaya
- Mizoram
- Nagaland
- Manipur
- Chhattisgarh
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Question 6.
Can you give some more examples of crops which may be commercial in one region and may provide subsistence in another region?
Answer:
Wheat is grown as a commercial crop in Punjab and Haryana, while it is grown as a subsistence crop in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Assam.
Textbook (Page No. 42)
Question 7.
List the items which are made of rubber and are used by us.
Answer:
- Tyres and Tubes
- Belts
- Shoes
- Gloves
- Ball
- Instruments
- Erasers
- Machines used in exercise.
Textbook (Page No. 44)
Question 8.
Find out why an Indian farmer does not want his son to become a farmer?
Answer:
An Indian farmer does not want his son to become a farmer because of the following reasons:
- The productivity of land has declined.
- New fertile land for fanning is no more available.
- Lack of irrigation facilities.
- Problem of land degradation.
- Low income per hectare.
Question 9.
Why are farmers committing suicides in several states of the country?
Answer:
The Indian farmers are committing suicides because of the following reasons:
- Increasing unemployment.
- Starvation.
- Increasing family problems due to bad economic conditions.
- Increasing size of family.
- Destruction of crops due to natural calamities.
Textbook (Page No. 45)
Question 10.
Organise a debate on food security of India, its need and efforts.
Answer:
(Do this activity with help of your teacher)
Textbook (Page No. 45)
Question 1.
Can you name any gene modified seed used vastly in India?
Answer:
(i) B.T. Cotton
(ii) B.T. Brinjal.
HBSE 10th Class Geography Water Resources Textbook Questions and Answers
Multiple Choice Questions :
(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture.
Answer:
(b) Plantation Agriculture.
(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Millets
(d) Cotton.
Answer:
(b) Gram.
(iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
(a) Pulses
(b) Jowar
(c) Millets
(d) Sesamum.
Answer:
(a) Pulses.
2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words:
(i) Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.
Answer:
Beverage Crop: Tea Geographical conditions required:
(a) Warm and moist frost-free climate throughout the year.
(b) Frequent showers evenly distributed.
(ii) Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
Answer:
One staple crop of India is rice. The major rice-producing regions in India are plains of North and North-East India, coastal areas and deltaic regions. Other regions are Punjab, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh and Northern Rajasthan.
(iii) Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of the farmers.
Answer:
Various institutional reforms introduced by the government in the interest of the farmers include collectivisation, consolidation of holding, co-operative societies, abolition of zamindari system, crop insurance, establishment of Grameen Banks, Kisan Credit Card Scheme, declaration of minimum support price etc.
(iv) The land under cultivation has got reduced day by day. Can you imagine its consequences?
Answer:
(a) It will affect food security.
(b) The agro-based industry will suffer because of the shortage of raw materials.
(c) Increase in unemployment.
(d) Increase in land degradation.
(e) Increase in poverty.
(f) Rise in prices of the agricultural commodities.
3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words :
(i) Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.
Answer:
(a) Institutional Reforms: To increase production in agriculture, the government has introduced some institutional measures which include collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, co-operation and abolition of zamindari system.
(b) Comprehensive Land Development Programme: In the 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development program was initiated, which included both, institutional and technical reforms. Provision for crop insurance against drought, food, cyclone, fire and disease, the establishment of Grameen banks, Co-operative Societies and Banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest, were some important steps in this direction.
(c) Widespread Use of Radio and Television: It enables farmers to get knowledge about new agricultural practises, new techniques of production and the market situation.
(d) Declaration of Minimum Support Price: This relieves the farmers from the uncertainties associated with marketing of crops, especially if there is a bumper crop. He has been assured of a minimum guaranteed price.
(e) Subsidies: The government is providing huge subsidies on the agricultural inputs. At present maximum subsidy is being given on fertilizers.
(f) Public Procurement System: Agriculture Price Commission has been set up which declares the prices of agricultural products in advance so that the farmers may know what they are going to get for their agricultural products. Government agencies, like the FCI (Food Corporation of India) purchase agricultural products from the farmers.
(ii) Describe the impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture.
Answer:
Merger of economy of individual countries into a global economy is known as globalisation. Globalisation is not a new phenomenon for India. It was there at the time of colonisation. In the nineteenth century, when European traders came to India, at that time too, Indian spices were exported to different countries of the world. Till today, it is one of the important items of export from India. Under globalisation, particularly after 1990, the farmers in India have been exposed to new challenges. India, despite being an important producer of rice, tea, cotton, jute, rubber, coffee, and spices, our agricultural products are not able to compete with the developed countries because of the highly subsidised agriculture in those countries.
Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. Today, Indian agriculture finds itself at the crossroads to improve the condition of marginal and small farmers. Change in cropping pattern, for example, from cereals to high-value crops will mean that India will have import food, but if India imports cereals while exporting high-value commodities, it will be following successful economies like Italy, Israel and Chile.
(iii) Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Answer:
Rice is a staple food crop of India. Though, it is considered to be a crop of tropical humid areas, it has about 3,000 varieties which are grown in different agro-climatic regions. These are successfully grown from sea level to about 2,000 metre altitude and from humid areas in eastern India to dry, but irrigated areas of Punjab, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh and Northern Rajasthan. In Southern States and West Bengal, the climatic conditions allow the cultivation of two or three crops of Rice in an agricultural year, but in the Himalayas and North-Western parts of India, it is grown as a kharif crop during south-west monsoon season. India is the second largest producer of rice in the world, after China. India contributes 22 per cent of rice production in the world.
It is a Kharif crop that requires the following geographical conditions :
(a) Temperature: It requires a high temperature, above 25°C to grow.
(b) Rainfall: It requires high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm. In areas with less rainfall, it grows with the help of irrigation.
(c) Soil: Rice can be grown in a variety of soils including silts, loams, and gravels, but it is best grown in alluvial soil with clayey sub-soil.
Knowledge Basket
Question 1.
Group discussion on the necessity of literacy among farmers.
Answer:
Students can discuss the following topics under the supervision of their teachers :
- Literacy rate in India, (74.04%)
- Reasons for low literacy rate, (Socio-economic backwardness)
- Effects of low literacy on agriculture, (Low knowledge of farming methods)
- Benefits of literacy etc. (Good knowledge of farming, intruments and seeds)
Question 2.
On an outline map of India show wheat producing areas.
Answer:
Activity
Solve the puzzle by following your search horizontally and vertically to find the hidden answers :
(1) The two staple food crops of India.
(2) This is the summer cropping season of India.
(3) Pulses like arhar, moong, gram, urad contain
(4) It is a coarse grain.
(5) The two important beverages in India are
(6) One of the four major fibres grown on black soils.
Answer:
(1) (i) Wheat, (ii) Rice
(2) Kharif
(3) Protein
(4) Jowar,
(5) (i) Tea, (ii) Coffee
(6) Cotton.
Skilled Questions based on Chart and Tables
Question 1.
Study the given data carefully and answer the following questions :
Table: India – Growing GDP and major sectors in (%) :
| Sector | (2013-14) (Actual) | (2015-16) (Actual) |
| Agriculture | 4.2 | 1.1 |
| Industries | 5.0 | 7.3 |
| Services | 7.8 | 9.2 |
| GDP | 6.6 | 7.6 |
Source: Economic Survey, 2015-16
(i) Which is the difference between 2013-14 and 2015-16 GDP ratios.
Answer:
1 per cent.
(ii) What was the rate in agriculture in 2015-16 ?
Answer:
1.1 per cent.