HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Haryana State Board HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics Important Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Short/Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Per day expenses of 25 families of the frequency distribution of a Dhani of a village is given as follows:
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 1
Find the mean expense of families by direct method.
Solution :
We prepare the cumulative frequency table as given :

Per day expense (in ₹) Number of families (fi) class mark (xi) fixi
25-35 3 30 90
35-45 7 40 280
45-55 6 50 300
55-65 6 60 360
65-75 3 70 210
Total Σfi = 25 Σfixi = 1240

∴ mean = \(=\frac{\Sigma f_i x_i}{\Sigma f_i}\)
= \(\frac {1240}{25}\)
= ₹ 49.6
Hence, mean expense of families = ₹ 49.6

HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Question 2.
The following distribution shows the daily pocket allowance of children of a locality.
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 2
Find the mean daily pocket allowance by using appropriate method.
Solution :

Daily pocket allowance (in ₹) Number of children (fi) class mark (xi) fixi
10-20 3 15 45
20-30 5 25 125
30-40 4 35 140
40-50 7 45 315
50-60 6 55 330
Total Σfi = 25 Σfixi = 955

∴ mean = \(=\frac{\Sigma f_i x_i}{\Sigma f_i}\)
= \(\frac {955}{25}\) = ₹ 38.2
Hence, mean daily pocket allowance = ₹ 38.2

Question 3.
The marks obtained by 110 students in an examination are given below :
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 3
Find the mean marks of students.
Solution :
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 4
Hence, mean marks of students = 44.82

Question 4.
The following data gives the information on the observed life times (in hours) of 200 electrical components.
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 5
Determine the modal lifetimes of the components.
Solution :
The class interval 80 – 100 has maximum frequency. So, it is the modal class.
∴ l = 80, f1 = 65, f0 = 38, f2 = 24, h = 20
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 6
Hence, modal lifetimes of components = 87.94 hours.

HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Question 5.
Find the mode of the following distribution.
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 7
Solution:
The class interval 35 – 40 has maximum frequency. So, it is the modal class.
∴ l = 35, f1 = 50, f0= 34, f2 = 42, h = 5
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 8

Question 6.
Find the mode of the following frequency distribution.
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 9
Solution :
The class interval 30 – 40 has maximum frequency. So, it is the modal class.
∴ l = 30, f1 = 16, f0 = 10, f2 = 12, h = 10
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 10

Question 7.
If the median of the following frequency distribution is 32.5. Find the values of f1 and f2.
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 11
Solution :
Let us prepare the cumulative frequency distribution table as given below.

Class Interval Frequency Cumulative frequency (c.f.)
0 – 10 f1 f1
10 – 20 5 f1 + 5
20 – 30 9 f1 + 14
30 – 40 12 f1 + 26
40 – 50 f2 f1 + f2 + 26
50 – 60 3 f1 + f2 + 29
60 – 70 2 f1 + f2 + 31
Total n = Σfi = 40

Here, n = 40
⇒ fi + f2 + 31 = 40
⇒ fi + f2 = 9
Median is 32.5, which lies in the class interval 30 – 40, So the median class is 30 – 40.
l = 30, f = 12, cf = f1 + 14, h = 10
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 12
Putting the value of f1 in equation (1), we get
3 + f2 = 9
f2 = 6
Hence, f1 = 3, f2 = 6

HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Question 8.
On the annual day of school agewise participation of students is given in the following distribution table.

Age (in years) Number of students
Less than 6 2
Less than 8 6
Less than 10 12
Less than 12 22
Less than 14 42
Less than 16 67
Less than 18 76

Find the median of students and get the median graphically.
Solution :
We convert the cumulative frequency table into depicting class intervals with their respective frequencies as given below :
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 13
\(\frac {n}{2}\) = \(\frac {76}{2}\) = 38
But 38 comes under the cumulative frequency 42 and the class interval against cumulative frequency 42 is 12 – 14. So, it is the median class.
Here, l = 12, f = 20, cf = 22, h = 2
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 14
We plots the points (6, 2), (8, 6), (10, 12), (12, 22), (14, 22), (16, 67), (18, 76) on the graph paper joining these points with a free hand to get less than curve as shown in a graph. We have n = 38.

Now, locate the point on the ogive where, ordinate is 38. The n coordinate corresponding to this ordinate is 13.6. Therefore required median on the graph is 13.6.
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 15

Question 9.
The following table gives production on yield per hectare of wheat of 100 farms of a village.

Production Yield Number of farms
40 – 45 4
45 – 50 6
50 – 55 16
55 – 60 20
60 – 65 30
65 – 70 24

Change the distribution of a more than type distribution and draw its ogive.
Solution :
We prepare the cumulative frequency table by more than type method as given :
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 16
\(\frac {n}{2}\) = \(\frac {100}{2}\) = 50
We plots the points (40, 100), (45, 96), (50, 90), (55, 74), (60, 54) and (65, 24) on the graph paper. Joining these points with a free hand to obtain more than type ogive curve as shown in a graph.
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 17

HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Question 10.
By changing the following frequency distribution to less than type distribution, draw idts ogive.

Classes Number of farmers
0 – 15 6
15 – 30 8
30 – 45 10
45 – 60 6
60 – 75 4

Solution :
We prepare the cumulative frequency table by less than type method as given :
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 18
We plots the points (15, 6), (30, 14), (45, 24), (60, 30) and (75, 34) on the graph paper. Joining these points with a free hand to obtain less than type ogive curve as shown in graph.
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 19

Question 11.
Given below is a frequency distribution table showing daily income of 100 workers of a factory.

Daily income of workers (in ₹) Number of Workers
200 – 300 12
300 – 400 18
400 – 500 35
500 – 600 20
600 – 700 15

Convert this table to a cumulative frequency distribution table of more than type.
Solution :
We prepare the cumulative frequency table by more than type method as given :
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 20
We plots the points (200, 100), (300, 88), (400, 70), (500, 35) and (600, 15) on the graph paper. Joining these points with a free hand to obtain more than type ogive curve as shown in a graph.
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 21

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
The data having more than one mode is called _______ data.
Solution :
multimodal

HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Question 2.
The cumulative frequency table is useful in determining the _______ .
Solution :
median

Question 3.
Each group into which the raw data is condensed is called a _______ .
Solution :
class interval

Question 4.
The ______ between the true upper limit and true lower point of a class is called its class size.
Solution :
difference

Question 5.
_______ of observation is the sum of the values of all the observations divided by the total number of observations.
Solution :
mean

Question 6.
The _______ frequency of a class is the frequency obtained by adding the frequency of all classes preceding the given class.
Solution :
cumulative

HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Question 7.
The data having only one mode is called _____ data.
Solution :
Unimodal

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer each of the following:

Question 1.
If xis are the midpoints of the class intervals of grouped data, fis are the corresponding frequencies and \(\bar{x}\) is the mean, then Σ(fixi – \(\bar{x}\)) is equal :
(a) 0
(b) – 1
(c) 1
(d) 2
Solution :
(a) 0

We know that the mean of the data is given by
\(\bar{x}\) = \(\frac{Σfixi}{x}\)
where n = Σfi
∴ Σ(fixi – \(\bar{x}\)) = Σfixi – Σ\(\bar{x}\)
= n\(\bar{x}\) – n\(\bar{x}\)
= 0 [∵ x\(\bar{i}\) = n\(\bar{x}\)]
Hence, correct choice is (a).

HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Question 2.
If the mode of a data is 18 and mean is 24, then median is
(a) 18
(b) 24
(c) 22
(d) 21
Solution :
(c) 22

mode = 18, mean = 24,
∵ 3 median = mode + 2 mean
= 18 + 2 (24)
= 18 + 48 = 66
∴ median = \(\frac {66}{3}\) = 22
Hence, correct choice is (c).

Question 3.
Mode of data 2, 3, 5, 2, 3, 6, 5, 2, 2, 5, 7, 4, 4, is:
(a) 5
(b) 3
(c) 2
(d) 4
Solution :
(c) 2

Here frequency of 2 is 4 so mode = 2.
Hence, correct choice is (c).

Question 4.
For the following distribution :
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 22
The modal class is:
(a) 10-20
(b) 20-30
(c) 30-40
(d) 50-60
Solution :
(c) 30-40

Marks Number of students CF
Below 10 3 = 3 3
10 – 20 12 – 3 = 9 12
20 – 30 27 – 12  = 15 27
30 – 40 57 – 27 = 30 57
40 – 50 75 – 57 = 18 75
50 – 60 80 – 75 = 5 80

Here the heighest frequency is 30, which likes in the interval 30 – 40.
Hence correct choice is (c).

HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Question 5.
In an arranged discrete series in which total number of observations n is even, median is:
(a) (\(\frac {n}{2}\))th terms
(b) (\(\frac {n}{2}\) + 1)th terms
(c) The mean of (\(\frac {n}{2}\))th term and (\(\frac {n}{2}\) + 1)th term
(d) none of these
Solution :
(c) The mean of (\(\frac {n}{2}\))th term and (\(\frac {n}{2}\) + 1)th term

When n is even then median
The mean of (\(\frac {n}{2}\))th term and (\(\frac {n}{2}\) + 1)th term
So correct choice is (c).

Question 6.
While computing mean of grouped data, we assume that the frequencies are :
(a) evenly distributed over all the classes
(b) centred at the class marks of the classes
(c) centred at the upper limits of the classes
(d) centred at the lower limits of the classes
Solution :
(b) centred at the class marks of the classes

In computing the mean of grouped data, the frequencies are centered at the class marks of the classes.
Hence, the option (b) is correct.

Question 7.
The cumulative frequency table is useful in determining the:
(a) mean
(b) median
(c) mode
(d) all of these
Solution :
(b) median

HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics

Question 8.
For the following distribution :
HBSE 10th Class Maths Important Questions Chapter 14 Statistics - 23
The sum of lower limits of the median class and modal class is:
(a) 15
(b) 25
(c) 30
(d) 35
Solution :
(b) 25

Class Frequency CF
0 – 5 10 10
5 – 10 15 24
10 – 15 12 37
15 – 20 20 57
20 – 25 9 66

Now \(\frac {N}{2}\) = \(\frac {66}{2}\) = 33
Which lies in the interval 10 – 15.
Therefore lower limit of the median class is 10.
The highest frequency is 20, which lies in the interval 15 – 20, therefore lower limit of modal class is 15. Hence required sum is 10 + 15 = 25.
Hence correct choice is (b).

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