Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 7 Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 7 Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities
HBSE 7th Class History Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Textbook Questions and Answers
IMAGINE
Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities Class 7 Questions And Answers HBSE Question 1.
You are a member of a nomadic community that shifts residence every three months. How would this change your life?
Answer:
Shifting residence every three months would change our style of living frequently.
- We would have to shift our belongings every now and then and we would not hatfe any settled life.
- We would not be able to practise any settled occupation.
LETS RECALL
Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities Class 7 Notes HBSE Question 1.
Match the following:
| Garh | Khel |
| Tanda | Chaurasi |
| Labourer | Caravan |
| Clan | Garha Katanga |
| Sib Singh | Ahom State |
| Durgawati | Paik |
Answer:
| Garh | Chaurasi |
| Tanda | Caravan |
| Labourer | Paik |
| Clan | Khel |
| Sib Singh | Ahom state |
| Durgawati | Garha Katanga |
Chapter 7 Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities HBSE Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:
(a) The new castes emerging with in varnas were called ………….. .
(b) ……….. were historical works written by the Ahom.
(c) The ……….. mentions that Garha Katanga had 70,000 villages.
(d) As tribal states became bigger and stronger, they gave land grants to ………… and ………….. .
Answer:
(a) jatis
(b) Buranjis
(c) Akbamama
(d) temples, Brahmanas.
Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities Question Answer HBSE Question 3.
State whether true or false:
(а) Tribal societies had rich oral traditions.
(b) There were no tribal communities in the north-western part of the subcontinent.
(c) The Chaurasi in Gond states contained several cities.
(d) The Bhils lived in the north-eastern part of sub continent.
Answer:
(a) True
(b) Flase
(c) Flase
(d) Flase.
LETS UNDERSTAND
Class 7th History Chapter 7 HBSE Question 4.
What kinds of exchanges took place between nomadic pastoralists and settled agriculturists?
Answer:
The nojnadic pastoralists exchanged wool, ghee, etc. with settled agriculturists for grain, cloth, utensils and other products.
Class 7th Tribes Nomads And Settled Communities HBSE Question 5.
How was the administration of Ahom state organised?
Answer:
The following were the ways in which the administration of Ahom state was organised.
(a) The Ahom state depended upon forced labour. Those forced to work for the state were called paiks.
(b) A census of the population was taken. Each village had to send a number of paiks by rotation.
(c) People from heavily populated areas . were shifted to less populated areas.
(d) Ahom clans were thus broken up.
(e) By the first-half of the seventeenth century, the administration became quite centralised.
(f) Almost all adult males severed in the army during war.
(g) Ahom society was divided into clans or Khels.
Question 6.
What changes took place in Varna-based society?
Answer:
The following changes took place in uama-based society:
(i) Smaller castes or Jatis emerged within varnas.
(ii) Many tribes and social groups were taken into caste-based society and given status of jatis.
(iii) Specialised artisans. such as smiths, carpenters and masons were also recognised as separate jatis by the Brahmanas.
(iv) Jatis rather than varna became the basis for organising society.
(v) Among the Kshatriyas, new Rajput clans became powerful by the eleventh and twelth centuries.
Question 7.
How did tribal societies change after being organised into a state?
Answer:
The emergence of large states changed the nature of tribal society.
(A) The Gond Society:
(i) The basically equal society of Gond gradually got divided into unequal social classes.
(ii) Brahmanas received land grants from the Gond rajas and became more influential.
(iii) The Gond chiefs now wished to be recognised as Rajputs.
(B) The Ahom Society:
(i) Ahom society became very sophisticated.
(ii) Poets and scholars were given land grants.
(iii) Theatre was Encouraged.
(iv) Important works of Sanskrit were translated into local language.
(v) Historical works, known as banjaras were also written first in the Ahom language and then in Assamese.
LET’S DISCUSS
Question 8.
Were the banjaras important for the economy?
Answer:
The banjaras were the important for the economy. They were the most important trader-nomads.
(i) Sultan Alauddin Khilji used the banjaras to transport grain to the city markets.
(ii) Banjaras carried grain on their bullocks from different areas and sold it in towns.
(iii) Banjaras transported food grain for the Mughal towns. They transported food grain for the Mughal army during military campaigns.
Question 9.
In what ways was the history of the Gonds different from that of the Ahoms? Were there any similarities?
Answer:
History of Gonds was different from Ahom in the following ways:
| Gonds | Ahoms |
| (i) Gonds lived in Gondwana. | (i) Ahoms lived in Brahmaputra valley. |
| (ii) Gonds practised shifting culti-vation. | (ii) Ahoms did not practise shifting cultivation. |
| (iii) Gonda kingdoms were large. | (iii) Ahom kingdom was small. |
| (iv) Gond kingdoms were divided into grahs. | (iv) Ahoms built a ‘ large state. |
| (v) Gonds did not use fire arms. | (v) Ahoms used fire arms for the first time in the history of the subcontinent. |
LET’S DO
Question 10.
Plot the location of the tribes mentioned in this chapter on a map. For any two, discuss whether their mode of livelihood was suited to the geography and environment of the area where they lived.
Answer:
(A) Tribe of Bhils: The large tribe of Bhils was spread across western and central India. Many of them because settled agriculturists and some even zamindars. They remained hunter gatherers.
(B) Kolis, Beards lived in Maharashtra highlands and Karnataka.
Question 11.
Find out about present day government policies towards tribal populations and organise a discussion about thdse.
Answer:
(i) Government has reserved some seats in State Assemblies and in Lok Sabha.
(ii) Some seats have been reserved in state and central government jobs.
(iii) Some economic and educational facilities are provided to tribal population.
(iv) Economic, agricultural and industrial development is being provided them for quick growth and development.
(v) Their culture, religion, customs are not being disturbed. In short very good and progressive policies are being followed towards tribal population.
Question 12.
Find out more about present day nomadic pastoral groups in the subcontinent. What animals do they keep? Which are the areas frequented by the groups?
Answer:
(i) There are several present day nomadic pastoral groups in the subcontinent. They keep sheep, goat, cows, camels, horses, etc. Many tribals obtained their livelihood from forests, agriculture, hunting and gathering also.
(ii) Most often they combined their economic activities to make full use of the natural resources of the area in which they lived.
(iii) Some tribes are still nomadic and move from one place to another.
(iv) A tribal nomadic group controlled land and pastures jointly and divide these amongst households according to its own rules.
(v) Usually they are living in different forests, hills, deserts and places difficult to reach the sub-continent.
(vi) The Nagas are living in Nagalands. The Ahoms are still living in Assam. The Cheros are living in Jharkhand. The Mundas and Samtals are living in Orissa, Bengal, Bihar and Jharkhand. Kolis are living in Maharashtra highlands and Karnataka. The Banjaras are living in Rajasthan. The Gonds are living in a vast forest region still called Gondwana.
HBSE 7th Class History Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Important Questions and Answers
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Name a Himalayan tribe.
Answer:
The Himalayan shepherd tribe is Gaddi.
Question 2.
Tribes of which areas adopted Islam as their religion.
Ans.
Many tribes of Punjab, Sind and the North-West Frontier adopted Islam as their religion.
Question 3.
What was the name of the son of Rani Durgawati?
Answer:
The name of the son of Rani Durgawati was Bir Narain.
Question 4.
Which Mughal general attacked Garh Katanga?
Answer:
Asaf Khan attacked Garba Katanga.
Question 5.
Which Mughal general attacked Ahoms?
Answer:
Mir Jumla attacked Ahoms.
Question 6.
Which Gond king assumed title of Sangram Shah?
Answer:
Aman Das, the Gond raja of Garha Katanga assumed the title of Sangram Shah.
Question 7.
How was Ahom society divided?
Answer:
Ahom society was divided into clans or khels.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
How is shifting cultivation practiced?
Answer:
Trees and bushes in a forest area are first cut and burnt. The crop is sown in the ashes. When this land loses its fertility an other plot of land is cleared and planted in the same way.
Question 2.
How can you say that Garh Katanga is a rich estate?
Answer:
Garha Katanga was rich estate. It earned much wealth by trapping and exporting wild elephants to other kingdoms. When the Mughals defeated the Gonds, they captured a huge booty of precious coins and elephants. They annexed part of the kingdom and granted the rest of Chandra Shah.
Question 3.
Who were paiks? To which region did they belong to?
Answer:
The Ahom state depended upon forced labour. Those forced to work for the state are called paiks.
Question 4.
Ahom State was very sophisticated. Explain.
Answer:
Ahom society was very sophisticated. Poets and scholars were given land grants. Theatre was encouraged. Important works of Sanskrit were translated into local language.
Question 5.
How was the rule, under Durgawati Rani?
Answer:
Dalpat died early. Rani Durgawati was very capable and started ruling on behalf of her five year old son, Bir Narain. Under her, the kingdom becaihe even more extensive. In 1565, the Mughal forces under Asaf Khan attacked Garha Katanga. A strong resistance was put up by Durgawati. She was defeated and preferred to die rather than surrender.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Give an account of the life style of tribal people.
Answer:
(a) Members of tribal groups were united by friendship or kingship bonds.
(b) Many tribes obtained their livelihood from agriculture. Others were hunter gatherers or herderers.
(c) Most often they combined these activities to make full use of the natural resources in the area they lived.
(d) A tribal group controlled land and pastures jointly and divided these amongst household according to its own rules.
Question 2.
Illustrate the tribal rule of present-day Bihar and Jharkhand.
Answer:
In many areas of present-day Bihar and Jharkhand, Chero chiefdoms had emerged by the 12th century. Raja Man
Singh, Akbar’s famous general attacked and defeated the Cheros in 1591.
The Hundas and Santals were among the other important tribes that lived in this region and also in Orissa and Bengal.
Question 3.
Write a short note on Banjaras.
Answer:
(a) The Banjaras were the most important trade nomads.
(b) They moved through caravans called tandas.
(c) They were used by Sultan Alauddin Khilji to transport grains to the city market.
(d) Banjaras carried grains on their bullocks from different areas and sold it in towns.
(e) They transported it for the Mughal Army during Military campaign.
Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Class 7 HBSE Notes
- Pastoralism: The system which is related with the care and domestication of grazing animals.
- Polygamous: Practising system of having many wives.
- Nomads: Wanderer members of those group of people are called nomads who move from place to place in search of food items.
- Assimilation: To become adjusted.
- Aristocracy: Government run by nobles are known as aristocracy.
- Itinerant groups: Wandering tribes are known as itinerant groups.
- Swayamvara: Women were allowed to choose the husband df their own choice.
- Jauhar: Practice of mass sacrifice by women to save their honour and chastity.
- Adivasi: The primitive people living a particular area are called adivasis.
- The Gonds are the largest tribe in Central India.
- Gondawana: The region of-central India is known as Gondavana due to the concentration of the Gonds in that area.