Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 5 Rulers and Buildings Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 5 Rulers and Buildings
HBSE 7th Class History Rulers and Buildings Textbook Questions and Answers
LET’S RECALL
Rulers And Buildings Class 7 HBSE Question 1.
How is the ‘Trabeate’ principle of architecture, different from the ‘arcuate’?
Answer:
‘Trabeate’ principle of architecture is different from the ‘arcuate’ principle in the following way:
(a) In ‘trabeate’ principle, a horizontal beam is placed across two vertical columns and roofs, doors and windows were made.
(b) In ‘acruate’ style of architecture, the weight of the superstructure above the door and window was carried by arch.
Rulers And Buildings Class 7 Question Answer HBSE Question 2.
What is Shikhara?
Answer:
Shikhara is the pyramid structure on the central shrine of the temple.
Rulers And Buildings Class 7 Questions And Answers HBSE Question 3.
What is Pietra Dura?
Answer:
Pietra Dura is the inlays that depicted the legendary Greek God Orpheus playing the lute. They are coloured, hard stones placed in depressions carved into marble or sandstone creating beautiful ornate pattern.
Class 7 Rulers And Buildings HBSE Question 4.
What was the element of a Mughal Chahar Bagh garden?
Answer:
The elements of a Mughal Chahar Bagh (garden).
- They were placed with in rectangular walled enclosures.
- They were divided into quarter by artificial channels.
- Divided into four equal quarters.
- Symmetry in the four divisions.
LET’S UNDERSTAND
Class 7 History Rulers And Buildings HBSE Question 5.
How did a temple communicate the importance of a king?
Answer:
Temples were also meant to demonstrate the power, wealth and devotion and parton by the ruler.
(a) The names of the ruler and the god were similar, for example:
Rajarajeshvara temple was built by the king Rajarajadeva for the worship of his god, Rajarajeshvaram.
(b) Temple was the miniature model of the world ruled by the king and his allies.
(c) The other lesser dieties in the temple were gods and goddesses of the allies and subordinates of the ruler.
Rulers And Buildings HBSE 7th Class Question 6.
An inscription in Shahjahan’s diwan-i-khas in Delhi stated: “If there is Paradise on Earth; it is here, it is here, it is here.” How was this image created?
Answer:
Diwan-i-khas was designed in such a way that different elements of Mughal architecture were fused together in a grand harmonious synthesis. It was carefully planned. This image was created as a result of his marvellous architectural skill. It was created by provided all the possible facilities to the subjects (people) by the king.
Class 7 History Chapter 5 HBSE Question 7.
How did the Mughal Court suggest that everyone-the rich and the poor, the powerful and the weak received justice equally from the emperor.
Answer:
(a) Behind emperor’s throne were a series of pietra dura inlays that depicted the legendary Greek God Orpheus playing the lute.
(b) It was believed the Orpheus’s music could calm ferocious beasts until they co¬existed together peaceably.
(c) This image communicated that the king’s justice would treat high and the low as equal which create a world where all could live together in harmony.
Question 8.
What role did the Yamuna play in the layout of the Mughal city at Shahjahanabad?
Answer:
The river Yamuna played a crucial role in the layout of the Mughal city at Shahjahanabad in the following ways:
(a) The imperial place commanded the river front. Only specially favoured noble were given access to the river.
(b) Ordinary people had to construct their home in the city away from the river.
(c) Taj Mahal was also constructed on the left edge of this river.
(d) In Agra at Taj Mahal, white marble mausoleum was place on terrace by the edge of the river as the garden was to its south.
LET’S DISCUSS
Question 9.
The rich and the powerful construct large houses today. In what ways were constructions of kings and their courtriers different in the past.
Answer:
The constructions of the kings and their courtiers in the past were different from the construction of large houses by the rich and the powerful.
The constructions of the kings and their courtiers had the safety and security as their major consideration. The houses of the kings and their coutriers had big courtyards, thick walls and huge walls. This constructions were generally surrounded by water bodies.
Today, the constructions of the rich and the powerful are quite different. They have less open areas and meet mainly individual requirements.
Question 10.
Look at picture. How could that building be constructed faster today?
Answer:
The building could be constructed faster today with the help of latest tools and advanced skills.
LET’S DO
Question 11.
Find out whether there is a statue of or a memorial to a great person in your village or town. Why was it placed there? What purpose does it serve?
Answer:
Try to find out any memorial surrounding you and write a note on it:
Why it was established?
Where it was situated?
Who was the founder?
What is its significance?
Question 12.
Visit and describe any park or garden in your neighbourhood. In what ways is it similar to or different from the gardens of the Mughals?
Answer:
Discuss it with your class teacher in the class room. (Hint: Throw light on Chahar Bhagh and its significance)
HBSE 7th Class History Rulers and Buildings Important Questions and Answers
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What are ‘tombs’ referred to?
Answer:
Tombs are safe, protected and grandiose places of rest in this world and the next.
Question 2.
Which style of construction was used in the construction of temples, mosques, tombs attacked to large- stepped wells, between the seventh and tenth century?
Answer:
‘Trabeate’ style of construction was used in the construction of temples, mosque, tombs between seventh and tenth century.
Question 3.
What were the temples and mosques meant to demonstrate?
Answer:
The temples and mosques were meant to demonstrate the power, wealth and prayer.
Question 4.
Why did the king Rajarajesh- wara take the god’s name?
Answer:
The king took the god’s name because it was auspicious and he wanted to appear like a god.
Question 5.
What was qibla?
Answer:
The pedestal on which Shahjhan’s throne was placed was frequently described as the qibla.
Question 6.
What was special about the city of Agra?
Answer:
Agra city was special because nobility had constructed their homes in the city on the banks of the river Yamuna.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
How did Shahjahan adapt the river front garden while laying out the Taj Mahal?
Answer:
While laying out the Taj Mahal, Shahjahan adapted the river-front garden. The white marble mausoleum was placed on a terrace by the edge of the river and the garden was to its south. Shahjahan developed this architectural form as a means to control the access that nobles had jto’the river.
Question 2.
Who were given access to the river-front by Shahjahan?
Answer:
In the city of Shahjahanabad, the imperial palace constructed the river front. Only specially favoured nobles like his eldest son Dara Shukoh were given access to the river. All others had to construct their homes in the city away from river Yamuna.
Question 3.
What were the special features of Humayun’s tomb?
Answer:
The special features of Humayun’s tomb were:
(a) The central towering dome and the tall gateway known as pishtaq became important aspects of Mughal architecture. This tomb structure was first visible in Humayun’s tomb.
(b) The tomb was placed in the centre of a huge Chahar Bagh and built in the tradition known as ‘eight paradises’ a central hall surrounded by eight rooms
(c) The building was constructed with red sandstone, edge with white marble.
Question 4.
How did the Pandaya king Shrimara Shrivallabh loot the temples when he invaded Sri Lanka and defeated the king?
Answer:
Shrimara Shrivallabh removed all the valuables from the temple like the status of the Buddha made entirely of gold in the jewel places and the golden images in the various monastries.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What was the significance of temples, mosques and tanks?
Answer:
Temples and mosques were the places of worship. They were beautifully constructed.
- They demonstrated the power, wealth and devotion of the patron.
- The name of the ruler and the god were very similar. For example: Rajarajeshvara temple was built by Jong Rajarajadeva for the worship of his God, Rajarajeshvaram. Through the rituals of worship in temple one God, Rajarajeshvaram.
- The kings constructed the largest of the temples.
- The temple was a miniature model of the world.
- They worshipped their dieties together in the royal temples as if they brought the just rule of the Gods on earth.
Question 2.
Explain the beginning of the reign of Shahjahan at Agra.
Answer:
In the beginning of his reign, Shahjahan’s capital was at Agra. It is a city where the nobility had constructed their homes on the banks of the river Yamuna. They were set in the midst of formal gardens constructed in the Chahar Bagh format. The Chahar Bagh garden was also desribd the river front garden. In this the dwelling was not located in the middle of the Chahar Bagh at its edge, close to the bank of the river.
Shahjahan took the river front garden in the layout of the Taj Mahal. It was the grandest architectural accomplishment of his reign. Here the white marble mausoleum was placed on a terrace by the edge of the river and garden was to its south.
Question 3.
Who all were involved in the construction of Qutab Minar? Describe the main architectural styles adopted.
Answer:
The Qutab Minar is five storeys high. The first floor was constructed by Qutabuddin Aybak and the ret by Iltutmish around 1229. Over the years it was damaged by lighting and earthquakes and repaired by Alauddin. Khilji, Muhammad Tughluq, Firuz Shah Tughluq and Ibrahim Lodhi. Architectural Styles of Qutab Minar
- Qutab Minar has a pattern under the balcony by the small arches and geometrical designs.
- It has two banks of inscriptions under the balcony.
- The surface of the minar is curved and angular. Placing an inscription on such a surface required great precision. Only the most skilled craftsperson could perform this task.
Rulers and Buildings Class 7 HBSE Notes
- Superstructure: The part of a building above the ground floor.
- Pietra Dura: Coloured, hard stones placed in depressions carved into marble or sandstone creating beautiful, ornate patterns.
- Gopuram: The gateway of the temple.
- Shikhara: A spire like structure over the central shrine of a temple.
- Mandapa: A structure setup or constructed in front of the main shrine.